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df}h'bf dlGqkl/ifb\df x]/km]/ u/L a'wjf/ #% ;b:oLo dlGqkl/ifb\ u7g ul/Psf] 5 . pQm dlGqd08ndf em08} cfwf bh{g …c;IfdÚ cg'xf/x?nfO{ kfvf nufOPsf] 5 eg] y'k|} …;IfdÚ cg'xf/x?nfO{ leq\ofOPsf] 5 . gLltut?kdf x]bf{ of] dlGqd08n lj:tf/nfO{ af]tn dfq km]l/Psf] t/ To;leq /flvg] /S;L pxL ePsf]df s;}nfO{ z+sf 5}g . t/ klg /fhfn] o;/L dlGqd08ndf gofF dfG5] leq\ofpg' / k'/fgf dfG5]x?nfO{ kfvf nufpgsf k5fl8 y'k|} /fhgLlts sf/0fx? x'g ;S5g\ .
tLg ;ftf nfdf] ljb]z e|d0faf6 kms]{kl5 /fhfn] of] sbd rfNg'nfO{ cgk]lIft t eGg ldNb}g t/ /fhgLlts ahf/df h:tf] c8\snafhL rlx/x]sf] lyof] Tof] :s]ndf /fhfn] sbd rfNg g;s]sf] :ki6 b]lvG5 . /fhfn] dlGqd08n x]/km]/ ug'{df d'Vo sf/0f eg] nf]stflGqs cfGbf]ngsf] prfO{ / bn-dfcf]jfbL ;dembf/L g} xf] . /fhf tLg ;ftf nfdf] ljb]z e|d0fdf x/]sf] a]nf g]kfndf x'g k'u]sf] bn-dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] P]ltxfl;s ;dembf/L b/jf/sf] efjL of]hgfsf] tuf/f]sf] ?kdf pleg k'Uof] . o;n] /fhfnfO{ ljvnaGbdf kf/]sf] x'g;S5 lsgls ;xdltsf] lj/f]w u/]/ bnx?nfO{ dfcf]jfbLs} :t/df /fVg] xf] eg] l;+uf] cGt/f{li6"o ;d'bfo / g]kfnL hgtfn] pQm ;dembf/Lk|lt ;dy{g hfx]/ ul/;s]sf 5g\ . csf]{lt/ ;dembf/LnfO{ :jLsf/ u/]/ nf]stflGqs dfu{df cl3 a9\g df3 !( sf] zfxL 3f]if0ffsf] dd{n] lb+b}g . csf]{lt/ dfcf]jfbLn] o;}aLrdf b'O{÷b'O{ rf]6L o'4lj/fd ul/;s] . Toltdfq dfq xf]Og ;a}n] /fhgLlts lgsf;sf] an /fhfsf] sf]6{df uPsf] atfO/x]sf] ljBdfg cj:yfdf zfxL 3f]if0ffsf] dd{df klg 7]; gnfUg] / ljb]zL ;d'bfosf] cufl8 cfkm"nfO{ zflGtsf] kIfdf /x]sf] b]vfpgsf nflu rflng] k|f/lDes sbdsf] ?kdf /fhfn] dlGqd08n x]/km]/nfO{ cufl8 ;f/]sf] x'g'b{5 .
dlGqd08ndf leq\ofOPsf gofF cg'xf/x?nfO{ x]bf{ u[xdGqL sdn yfkf / e"ld;'wf/ dGqL gf/fo0fl;+x k'g dfcf]jfbL;Fusf] jftf{df al;;s]sf JolQm x'g\ . Toltdfq xf]Og gf/fo0fl;+x k'gn] t lxhf];Dd cfkm"nfO{ lhDdf lbOP dfcf]jfbL;Fu jftf{ u/]/ b]vfOlbg] l8ª 5f8\b} cfPsf x'g\ . o;af6 /fhfn] sDtLdf cGt/f{li6"o ;d'bfonfO{ b]vfpgs} nflu eP klg cfˆgf dGqLx?nfO{ dfcf]jfbL;Fu jftf{sf nflu cufl8 ;fg]{ gLlt lnPsf] x'g;Sg] klg b]lvG5 . ;fob To;f] xf] eg] s]xL lbgleq ;/sf/n] klg o'4lj/fdsf] 3f]if0ff ug{;S5 . o'4lj/fd u/]/ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ o'4lj/fd hf/L /fVg g}lts bjfj lbg] / cGt/f{li6"o ;d'bfosf] cufl8 ;/sf/ klg zflGts} kIfdf 5 eg]/ klg ;/sf/n] of] sbd rfNg ;Sb5 . ;/sf/n] o'4lj/fd u/]/ bn / dfcf]jfbLnfO{ jftf{sf nflu af]nfof] eg] s]xL nrstf t dfGg ;lsPnf t/ df3 !( sf] zfxL 3f]if0ff lkmtf{ lnP/ g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ clwsf/ ;DkGg agfpg ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg 3f]if0ff gubf{;Dd /fhfsf s'g} klg sbdx?nfO{ g]kfnL hgtfn] ljZjf; ug]{jfnf 5}gg\ .
tLg ;ftf nfdf] ljb]z e|d0faf6 kms]{/ kl/jlt{t /fhgLlts 36gfqmdaf/] /fhf s]xL gaf]Ng' / af/Daf/ r'gfjsf] s'/f dfq ug'{n] /fhf h;/L x'G5 lgjf{rg u/fP/} 5f8\g] sfo{df tNnLg 5g\ eGg] k|i6 5 . lgjf{rg cfof]udf btf{ ePsf &@ j6f bnx?sf] :j?k x]bf{ Tof] lgjf{rgdf s;sf] k|ltlwTj /xg] eGg] klg klg k|i6 eO;s]sf] 5 . olt dfq xf]Og cfGbf]ng/t /fhgLlts bnx?n] ;lqmo alxisf/ ug]{ atfPsf 5g\ eg] dfcf]jfbLn] lgjf{rgnfO{ …Wj+zÚ g} ug]{ atfPsf] 5 . ;fy} dfcf]jfbLn] s] klg atfPsf] 5 eg] olb ;/sf/n] cfˆgf] /j}of hf/L /fVof] eg] p;sf] o'4lj/fd ca PsdlxgfeGbf a9L nlDag;Sg] 5}g To;}n] ;/sf/n] klg o'4lj/fd u/]/ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ o'4lj/fd hf/L /fVg nufpg] / lgjf{rgnfO{ ;Defljt Wj+zaf6 arfpg] s'l6n rfnsf] ?kdf jt{dfg ;/sf/ dlGqd08n x]/km]/ x'Fb} o'4lj/fd;Ddsf] cjlwdf k'Ug ;lsg] b]lvG5 .
dlGqd08ndf x]/km]/ ug'{sf] csf]{ sf/0f x'g;S5 /fhfsf] ;'zf;gsf] gf/f . /fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglwx?n] zflGt / ;'zf;g sfod ug{ g;s]sf] cf/f]kdf pgLx?nfO{ …c;IfdÚ 3f]if0ff ub}{ jvf{:t u/]/ dgf]lgt dGqLx?dfkm{t cWofb]zåf/f b]z rnfO/x]sf] l:ylt xf] of] . df3 !( df elgP h:t} zflGt t x'g ;s]g g} t/ ;'zf;g sfod ug{ of]Uo elgPsf …;IfdÚ dGqLx?sf] gfd klg lbgsf] b'O{ u'0ff /ftsf] rf}u'0ff e|i6x?sf] ;"lrdf r9\g yfn]kl5 /fhfnfO{ lj/Qm nfu]sf] x'g;S5 . To;s} kl/0ffd:j?k s]xL …gj c;IfdÚ x?nfO{ 3f]qm]7\ofs nufOof] . t/ klg a}+s C0f gltg]{ t'n;L lu/LnfO{ 3f]qm]7\ofs nufpg'kg]{, 9+s 9sfnnfO{ 3f]qm]7\ofFs nufpg' kg]{ t/ nufOPg . pgLx?nfO{ dlGqd08naf6 x6fpg] xf] eg] ;/sf/sf] ;+/rgdf g} afwf kg]{ b]lvPsfn] o;f] gul/Psf] x'g ;S5 . ei6 / sf]nf] ;"lrjfnfx?dWo] t'n;L lu/LnfO{ grnfP klg cGo dWo] s;}nfO{ kbd'Qm ul/Psf] t s;}nfO{ l8df];g ul/Psf] 5 . ev{/} gfd rNg z'? u/]sL b'uf{ >]i7b]lv dnsf08sf gfd'bx? dw's/zd;]/ / bfgaxfb'/ zfxL;Dd tyf kqsf/nfO{ uf]nL xfGg] hut uf}rg;Ddsf dfG5]x?nfO{ x6fP/ …:jRr 5ljÚ nfO{ Ps r/0f cem} dfem\g vf]h]sf] b]lvG5 .
;f/df ;/sf/sf] of] kl5Nnf] sbd df3 !( nfO{ dhj't kfg]{ sfo{gLlts s} Ps c+z xf] . s]xL cg'ejL dGqLx?nfO{ ;fd]n u/]/ 3f]lift gu/ lgjf{rgnfO{ Jojl:yt9+un] cl3 a9fpg] / ;f]xL k|of]hgsf nflu o'4lj/fd 3f]if0ff ug]{;Ddsf] r/0f ;/sf/ k'Ug] b]lvG5 . b]zjf;Lsf] gfdf /fhfsf] s'g} ;Daf]wg gcfP/ dlGqkl/ifb\df x]/km]/ x'g' / /fhf ljb]zaf6 kms]{kl5 gofF /fhgLlts 36gfqmdaf/] s]xL gaf]Ng'n] /fHo gLltut lx;fadf tndfly x'g vf]hsf] 5}g eGg] k|i6 b]lvG5 . t/, dlGqkl/ifb\df x]/km]/ u/]/ /fHon] s'g ;Db]z lbg vf]hsf] xf] / o;nfO{ cfGbf]ng/t bn-dfcf]jfbLn] s;/L lnG5g\ Tof] x]g{ eg] kv{g' g} k5{ .
naruk_ruk@yahoo.com

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ebf} !* ut] tLg dlxgfsf nflu PstkmL{ o'4lj/fd u/]kl5 dfcf]jfbLn] /fli6"o / cGt/f{li6"o :ofaf;L kfof] t/ jt{dfg zfxL ;Qfn] To;sf] 7Ls pN6f] sfd ub} cfkm\gf] a'tfn] EofP;Dd cfqmd0f u/]/ pS;fx6k"0f{ sfd yfNof] . dfcf]jfbLf/f 3f]lift / Ps xb;Dd kfngf ePsf] lj/fdnfO{ gf6s s/f/ lbOPkl5 af/Daf/sf] zflGtk|ltsf] zfxL k|ltj4tfdf b]zleq / aflx/ zª\sf ;'? eof] t/ klg To;n] /fhf / pgsf] ;/sf/nfO{ s'g} km/s kf/]g . tLg dlxgfsf] cjwLe/L ;/sf/n] ;Sbf] xb;Dd dfcf]jfbL lj?4sf] cfqmd0f t]h u¥of] . ;/sf/n] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ pQ]lht u/L cftÍssf/L g} x'g\ eGg] k|dfl0ft ug{ Gjf/fgb]lvsf] an nufP klg cGttM of] ;Qf o'4 hf/L /fVg rfxG5 / zflGt sfod ePsf] b]Vg rfFxb}g eGg] ;To :ki6 x'Fb} uof] .
d+;L/ !& ut] dfcf]jfbLn] yk Ps dlxgfsf nflu o'4lj/fd nDAofPkl5 t /fhfsf] ;/sf/ emg\ gflËg] df]8df pleg k'u]sf] 5 . /Qmkft / snxaLr lg/ª\s'ztf nfb\g ;lhnf] x'G5 eGg] 7DofO{sf ;fy cToGt ;'lgof]lht tl/sfn] /fhf k|ltlx+;fnfO{ sfod /fVg rfxG5g\ eGg] lgisif{df g]kfnL hgtf k'Ug yfn]sf] 5 . af]nLdf …zflGtÚ hKb} Jojxf/df czflGt sfod ug]{ lgot af]s]/ of] ;Qf dfcf]jfbLsf] cf8df lb3{hLlj x'g rfxG5 eGg] 1fg ;fdfGo gful/snfO{ ;d]t x'g yfn]sf] 5 . …cftÍsf/LÚ elgPsf dfcf]jfbLsf] …zflGtdf]xÚdf 5nsk6 5}g eGg] s'/f la:tf/} ;To b]lvg yfn] klg /fHo lg/Gt/ abgfd / zflGt lj/f]wL rl/q u|x0f uO/x] /fhfnfO{ lrGtf 5}g eGg] s'/f klg k|i6 x'Fb} uO/x]sf] 5 . bn / dfcf]jfbLaLr ;DkGg !@ a'Fb] ;dembf/Lsf] k[i7e"lddf o'4lj/fd nDAofOPsf] 5 t/ /fhf To;nfO{ g ;sf/fTds tl/sfn] ;Daf]wg ug]{ dgl:yltdf 5g\ g Tof] eGbf /fd|f] k|To'Q/ lbg] k|of;df . pk]Iffsf] /0fgLlt, df}g cleJolQm / ;}Go cfqmd0fdf c8]/ Ps ;fy w]/} lgzfgfdf k|xf/ ug]{ p2]Zodf /fhf ;kmn klg ePsf 5}gg\ . 3/]n' / afXo hgdt emg\-emg\ /fhf lj/f]wL aGb} uO/x]sf]n] pgL pkfolxgtfsf] l;sf/ ag]sf 5g\ .
o'4lj/fdk|lt ;sf/fTds k|ltlqmof JoQm u/]/ zflGt k|lqmofdf /fhfn] of]ubfg b]nfg\ eGg] s'/f ;f]Rg' klg d'v{tf x'g] cj:yf 5 . Ps dlxgfsf nflu ylkPsf] o'4lj/fdsf] cjwLdf k|z+;fof]Uo kxn /fhfaf6 x'G5 eGg] ;Defjgf Go"g x'Fb} uO/x]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbL;Fu aGb'saf6} le8\g] / Tof] le8Gt cGTo x'~h]n cGo /fhgLlts zlQmx?sf] ;kmfof u/L rfs/ /fhgLlts zlQmnfO{ ;zQm kf/L ;'/Iffsjrsf ?kdf ljsl;t ug]{ dgf]ut of]hgf sfof{Gjogdf /fhf h'6]sf 5g\ eGg] s'/f 5n{Ë x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . Ps dlxgfkl5 dfcf]jfbLn] km]/L la/fd cjlw a9fpFb}gg\ / o'4 bf]xf]/f] eof] eg] ljZj hutn] km]/L dfcf]jfbLnfO{ …cft+ssf/LÚ eGg]5 / cfkm\gf] xft alnof] x'g]5 eGg] cg'dfg u/]/ /fhf a;]sf x'g'k5{ . la/fdsf rf/ dlxgfdf dfcf]jfbLn] cfkm"nfO{ ?kfGt/0f ug{ b]vfPsf] ;+:yfut k|ltj4tf / OR5fnfO{ u0fgf gu/L /fhfn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ lj/fd eË ug]{ cj:yfdf k'¥ofpFbf cj:yf cs}{ x'g]5 . g]kfnL hgtf / ;+;f/n] To;kl5 dfcf]jfbLsf] aGb'snfO{ ebf} !* cl3sf] h:tf] cy{df a'em\g] 5}gg\ . kmntM dfcf]jfbLsf] lx+;fnfO{ Gofok"0f{ / cftÍnfO{ hfoh 7fGg] hgdtsf] >[hgf x'g]5 . Tolt a]nf dfcf]jfbLn] cfkm\gf] aGb'ssf] cf}lrTo k|i6 kfg{ w]/} ldlxg]t nfUg]5}g / hgtf tyf cGt/f{li6"o hgdtn] Tof] aGb'snfO{ /fhfsf] aGb's eGbf sd vt/gfs 7fGg' kg]{} cj:yf pTkGg x'g]5 .
/fhf zflGt rfFxb}gg\ eGg] s'/f eGbf aGb's …hfohÚ 7xl/g] cj:yf cfpFb}5 eGg] lrGtf dxTjk"0f{ xf] . /fHon] k/f:t ug{ g;Sg] zlQmsf ?kdf lasl;t eO;s]sf] dfcf]jfbLn] lx+;f TofUg b]vfPsf] tTk/tfnfO{ /fhgLlts bnx?, gful/s ;dfh, hgtf / ljZj ;d'bfon] ljZjf; u/] klg /fHon] …gf6sÚ pkfwL le8fPsf] 5 . ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ a'l4, ljj]s, of]hgf / Ifdtf ePsf] ;/sf/n] dfcf]jfbLsf] ?kfGt/0fnfO{ gf}6+sL eg]sf] eP Pp6f cy{ x'GYof] t/ aGb'safx]s c? s]xL gePsf] ;Qfn] ;lGgs6 / ;Defljt zflGtsf nflu p7fOPsf] sbdnfO{ c:jLsf/ ubf{ k'; !* kl5sf] cjlw eofgs x'g] b]lvG5 . ;QfkIfaf6 7f]; / ;j{:jLsfo{ kxn ul/Pg eg] k'; !* kl5 dfcf]jfbL ebf} !* cl3sf] cj:yfdf kms{g] lglZrt 5 . Tof] cj:yfsf] sf/s zfxL;Qf dflgg]5 / dfcf]jfbLsf] aGb'saf6 …cft+sjfbÚsf] geO{ …ljb|f]xÚsf] jf:tljs uGw cfPsf] k|tLt x'g]5 . lx+;fn] j}wflgstf kfpg] To:tf] v]nn] of] b]znfO{ /utsf] vf]nf / nf;x?sf] kxf8df ?kfGtl/t ug{ ;Sg] ;sn vt/f 68\sf/f] 5 .
/fhf pk]Iffsf] /0fgLltdf hd]sf 5g\ . pgnfO{ nflu/x]sf] xf]nf clxn]sf] pynk'yn c:yfoL xf] . ;lds/0fx? cfkm} lau|g] 5g\ / cGttM lj/f]wLx? 3'F8f 6]s]/ ;Qfsf] lev dfUg] 5g\ eGg] ;f]rdf /fhf dUg eP h:tf] nfU5 . pgnfO{ 3lge't x'Fb} uPsf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] dfu / u0ftGqsf] cfjfh xfQLnfO{ s's'/ e's]s} nflu/x]sf] x'g'k5{ . cGt/f{li6"o lt/:sf/ / b]zleq r'lnb} uPsf] cfGbf]ng kfgLsf] kmf]sf xf] eGg] e|ddf /fhf /x]sf 5g\ ls eGg] cfef; klg x'g yfn]sf] 5 . ;fFRr}, /fhf …pk]IffÚsf] bfp v]n]/ cfkm\gf] enf] rflx/x]sf 5g\ / cfkm" lj?4 aflSn/x]sf] afbnnfO{ 7§f 7flg/x]sf 5g\ eg] Tof] csf]{ e"n x'g]5 . ;fdfGo e"n dfq} xf]Og clGtd e"n ;fljt x'g]5 .

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cTofrf/L ;fdGtL ;Qfsf] lx+;f / cftf+sjf6 d'Qm kfpFg k|ltlx+;fsf] jfWofTds jf6f]nfO{ c+lusf/ ug]{ qmddf g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfb_ df ;+ul7t qmflGtsf/L hgtfnfO{ jGb's p7fpFg] cfjZostf clgjfo{t /Xof] . lsg ls g]kfnL hgtf dfly jGbs' s} cf8df jiff}{ b]lv xTof/f ;fdGtL zf]iffs ju{sf] lg/+s'z ;Qfn] zf]if0f, bdg / pTkL8g dRrfpFb} cfPsf] x'Fbf jGbs' s} jndf k|ltlx+;f p7fO{ cfkm' dflysf] zf]iff0f, bf]xg-cGofo, cTofrf/, xTof / cft+s h:tf jj{/tfsf] cGTo ug'{ k5{ eGg] b[9tfsf ;fy g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] g]t[Tjdf d'lQmsfdL g]kfnL hgtfx? ;z:qqmflGtsf] jf6f] lnP/ ljut bz jifb]lv lg/Gt/ g]kfnL hgqmflGt n8\b} cuf8L jl9/x]sf 5g\ . h;n] jx';+Vos g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ d'Le/ g]kfnL kmfF;LjfbL kmfl;i6x?sf] bf;tjf6 d'Qm ug]{ ;dy{ klg /fVb} cfPsf] 5 .
cfh b]zsf] clwsf+z u|fld0f Onfsfx?jf6 k'/fgf] ;fdGtL zf]if0fsf] h/f sf6\b} g]kfnL hgtf dflysf] dWoo'uLg jj{/tf / 1fg]Gb zfxLsf] 5f8jfbL c/fhstfsf lj?4 df]r{ s:b} ;+3if{sf ;j} ?k ckgfpFb} qmflGtsf] sl7g / hl6n dfu{ ofqf s} qmddf @)$^ ;fnsf] P]ltxfFl;s hgcfGbf]ngsf cfGbf]ngsf/L zlQmx?;+u sfo{gLlts ;dembf/L ;Dd ljsflzt ljGb'nfO{ cem dhj't / ;kmn kfg]{ /fhg}lts ;f]rn] s} sf/0f g]skf dfcf]jfbL_ 4f/f tLg dlxg] PstkmL{ o'4lj/fdsf] cjlwnfO{ c? Ps dlxgf yk ePsf] 5 . o; dxTjk"0f{ cj;/nfO{ cfjzostfsf] gofF g]kfn lgdf{0fsf] /rfgfTds sfo{df cfd g]kfnL hg;d'bfonfO{ ;d]n u/fpFg ;j} g]tf sfo{stf{n] d]x]gtLsf ;fy cxd e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{ kfg]{ st{Ao / bfloTj k'/f ug}{ k5{ .
lgZro g} nfdf] 5nkmn, ;+jfb / cGt/lqmof kl5sf] ;+;bjfbL bn / g]skf -dfcfjfbL aLr ePsf] !@, j'Fb] ;dembf/L kl5 cfof]lht cfd ;efx?df hg;xefuLtf pn{bf 5 . t/ of] hg;xefuLtf s'g} kf6L{ jz]ifsf] cfsif{0f / ;dy{gdf geP/ !@, j'Fb] ;dembf/L cGtu{tsf] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg / nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] :yfkgf h:tf cfd g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;fj{:jLs[t gf/f s} ;dy{gdf xf] . To;f] x'Fbf To:tf ljzfn cfd ;efx?df !@, j'Fb] ;dembf/Lsf] l:kl/6 / efjgf hgtfnfO{ j'emfpFg ;j} g]tf sfo{stf{n] d]x]gtL / lgk'g jGg} k5{ . cfd ;efx?df e]nf ePsf hg;fu/nfO{ ;j} 7fpfpdf ;j} g]tfx?n] !@, j'Fb] ;dembf/Lsf] efjgf / dxTjnfO{ Ps?ktfn] eGg ;Sg' k5{ . h;n] ubf{ pkl:yt hgtfn] ToxL ;Gb]z ufpF 3/, d]ndkft, jf6f]3f6f] rf]s ;j} lt/ k'¥ofpFg / u'~hfpFg ;sf]; . h'g;'s} 7fpFdf jf ufpFdf hf];'s}n] :jb]zdf jf ljb]zdf cfof]hgf u/]sf] e]nf xf]; jf cfd ;efdf Psn] csf{nfO{ xf]RofP/ cfˆgf] prfO{ b]vfpFg] h:tf k|j[lt nfO{ /f]Sg' k5{ / !@, j'Fb] ;dembf/Lsf] l:kl/6sf] efjgf hgtfdf jfF8\g ;Sg' k5{ . jfg]Zj/sf] cfd ;efdf Pdfn]sf] Onfd] g]tfn] rf}sf xfGg] Û /fNkfsf] cfd ;efdf dfcf]jfbLn] rf}sf xfGg Û lj/f6gu/df sfFu|;n] xfGg] ug'{ clxn] n} jfF~5fgLo x'g' k5{ . clxn] Ps csf{sf] gsf/fTds kf6f]nfO{ sf]6\ofpFg] xf]O{g ;sf/fTds kf6f]nfO{ c7ofpFg] xf] . Psn] csf{nfO{ l;WofpFg vfHg] xf]Og l;WofpFg] t k|ltufdL lg/+s'ztfnfO{ xf] .

n}+lus lje]bdf cfwfl/t lx+;f

nIdL cfrfo{
bfª, l8;]Da/ !(, @))%

dflg;n] s]6f cyjf s]6Lsf] ?kdf hGd lnG5 . xfd|f] kl/ro xfdLnfO{ k|fs[lts?kdf g} k|fKt ePsf] x'G5 . k|s[ltn] oL b'a}nfO{ k|fs[lts?kd} s]xL km/s-km/s lhDd]jf/L klg lbPsf] 5 . To;b]lv afx]s ;fdflhs ;Gbe{df b'a} ;dfg 5g\ . t/ x/]s ;dfhdf dlxnf / k'?ifsf] e"ldsf, dxTj lgwf{/0f ug]{ / ltgnfO{ km/s-km/s e"ldsf, pQ/bfloTj / ljz]iftfx? k|bfg ug]{ sfd ;dfhn] ul//x]sf] x'G5 . cyf{t\ ;dfhn] dlxnf / k'?ifsf aLr s[lqd ljefhg u/]sf] 5 . ToxL ljefhgsf] cfwf/df dlxnf / k'?ifsf] sfo{ ljefhg, pgLx?n] ;dfhdf lgjf{x ug]{ e"ldsf tf]lslbPsf] x'G5 . oL s'/fx? 7fpFcg';f/ ;dfhsf] ;+/rgfsf cfwf/df sd j];L kfOG5 .
s:tL dlxnfnfO{ cfbz{ dlxnf eGg] / s:tf] k'?ifnfO{ cfbz{ k'?if dfGg] eGg] s'/fx?sf] af/]df k|To]s ;dfhn] k|ToIf ck|ToIf?kdf Pp6f lglZrt cjwf/0f agfPsf] x'G5 . To:tf] ;fdflhs cjwf/0ffdf x's{g] hf]sf]xLdf klg :jefj}n] To;sf] ulx/f] c;/ kl//x]sf] x'G5 . JolQmsf] r]tgfdf To:tf ;fdflhs wf/0ffx? ;+:sf/ ag]/ al;/x]sf x'G5g\ . xfd|f] g]kfnL ;dfhsf] s'/f ubf{ cfbz{ k'?if / cfbz{ dlxnfsf ;+aGwdf cfˆg} lsl;dsf] wf/0ff 5 . xfd|f] ;dfhn] tof/ u/]sf] To:tf] bfo/fsf] sf/0f ;dfhdf k'?ifsf] :yfg zlQmzfnL aGof] eg] dlxnfsf] sdhf]/ . oxL sdhf]/Lsf] cf8df oxfF w]/} c;dfgtfsf vf8nx? tof/ eP . dlxnfx? dlxnf ePs} sf/0fn] laleGgvfn] lx+;f ;xg afWo eP . o;} ;Gbe{df n}+lustfdf cfwfl/t lx+;f ljifodf oxfF rrf{ ug]{ k|of; ul/Psf] 5 .

n}+lustf / lx+;f M
k'?if / dlxnfn] ug'{kg]{ egL ;dfhn] tf]lslbPsf] sfo{ljefhgnfO{ g} n}+lustf elgG5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu dlxnfn] 3/wGbf ug'{k5{, afnaRrfsf] x]/larf/ ug'{k5{, ;/;kmfO{ ug]{, vfgf agfpg], efF8f dfem\g] sfd ug'{k5{ eGg] / To:t} lsl;dn] k'?ifn] aflx/af6 sdfP/ Nofpg'k5{, aflx/ k/]sf] Jojxf/x? ldnfpg], ;ef ;df/f]xdf pkl:yt x'g]h:tf sfdx? k'?ifn] ug]{ egL tf]lsPsf] x'G5 . Toltdfq xf]Og aflx/L sfddf ;+nUg x'g] dlxnfx?nfO{ cg]s lsl;dsf] nfG5gf nufOg] ul/G5 . n}+lustf ;a} 7fpFdf ;Fw} Ps}gf;sf] x'Fb}g . ;doqmd;Fu} o;df km]/abn x'Fb} uPsf] kfOG5 .
;fdfGotof hfgLhfgL s;}la?4 cfqmd0f ug]{, k|f0f lng], dgf]j}1flgs qf; l;h{gf ug]{, ljsf;df cj/f]w Nofpg] jf al~rt ug]{ sfo{nfO{ xfdL lx+;f eg]/ a'em\b5f}+ . cyjf zf/Ll/s / dfgl;s b'a} lsl;dn] hfgLhfgL ul/g] zlQm cyjf ef}lts ansf] wlDsk"0f{ k|of]u g} lx+;f xf] . xfdLx? lbgx'F lx+;fsf cg]s ?kx? b]lv/x]sf x'G5f}+ . st} cGwljZjf;sf] sf/0f af]S;Lsf] cf/f]kdf dlxnfx?sf lha|f] 8fldPsf 5g\, dnd"q v'jfOPsf] 5 t st} bfOhf]sf] sf/0f dlxnfx? w]/} lx+;f ;xg afWo 5g\ . To:t} hftLo lje]b / s';+:sf/sf] lzsf/ eP/ dfG5] dfG5] eP/ afFRg ;d]t d'l:sn ePsf] h:tf w]/} lx+;fsf va/x? xfdLx? lbgx'Fh;f] ;'lg/x]sf x'G5f}+ . h'g;'s} sf/0faf6 l;h{gf eP klg lx+;fsf] d'Vo s8L eg]sf] kLl8t / kL8saLrsf] zlQmsf] c;dfg ;DjGw g} xf] . oxfF zlQm eg]/ zf/Ll/s ansf] dfq s'/f gu/]/ zlQmsf] Tof] >f]tnfO{ O+lut ug{ vf]lhPsf] 5 hf] ;fdflhs, ;fF:s[lts, /fhg}lts cflb sf/0fx?af6 l;h{gf eO{ ;dfhsf x/]s ju{, ln+u / ;d"xnfO{ k|efljt ul//x]sf] x'G5 . lx+;fsf] k|s[ltcg';f/ lx+;fnfO{ zf/Ll/s, of}lgs, dgf]j}1flgs tyf lg/Lx kfl/g] u/L rf/ k|sf/n] afF8]/ x]/]sf] kfOG5 .

g]kfnL ;dfhdf dlxnfsf] l:ylt M
xfd|f] ;fdflhs ;+/rgf lkt[;QfTds /x]sf] 5 . lkt[;QfTds eg]sf] To:tf] ;fdflhs Joj:yf hxfF k'?if k|wfgtf, k'?if pRrtf tyf k'?if lgoGq0f JofKt x'G5 / o;df dlxnfnfO{ lgDg, sdhf]/ / clwsf/ljxLg agfOPsf] x'G5 . k'?ifeGbf dlxnf tNnf] txsf x'g\ eGg] dfGotfk"0f{ Jojxf/ kl/jf/, ;dfh, wd{, sfg"g, :s"n, kf7\ok':ts, cfd;~rf/, sfof{nox? rf/}lt/ AofKt 5 . o:tf] Jojxf/ Ps, b'O{ k'?ifx?sf] unt ;f]+rsf sf/0f geO{ l;+uf] lkt[;QfTds Joj:yfsf] pkh xf] . aiff}{+b]lv lkt[;Qfsf] df/df lklN;Psf dlxnfx?sf] l:yltdf s]xL ;'wf/ cfP klg ;Gtf]if dfGg] 7fpF cem} b]lvb}g . pbfx/0fsf] ?kdf x]g'{kbf{ clxn] klg hg;+Vofsf] cfwfeGbf a9L lx:;f cf]u6]sf dlxnfx?sf] ;fIff/tf s/La $@Ü, cfly{s?kdf ;lqmo $)=@Ü, s[lif pTkfbgdf of]ubfg ^)=%Ü, lzIf0f k]zfdf @!Ü, e"lddfly dlxnfsf] :jfdLTj %=%!Ü, k|ltlglw ;efdf ;xeflutf %=*%Ü, k|lhc, /fhb"t ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf k|d'vdf )Ü / lghfdtL ;]jfdf *=%%Ü /x]sf] 5 . To:t} dlxnfsf] :jf:Yo l:yltnfO{ x]g]{ xf] eg] dlxnfsf] cf};t cfo' ^@=@ jif{ 5 eg] dft[ d[To'b/ k|ltnfvdf $!% /x]sf] 5 . dflysf] tYof+sn] cem} klg dlxnfx?sf] gLlt lgdf{0f txdf kx'Fr k'Ug w]/} d]xgt ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 . dlxnfx? olt k5fl8 kg'{df k/Dk/fut ?kdf /x]sf] lkt[;QfTds Joj:yfnfO{ sf/ssf] ?kdf lng ;lsG5 .

s;/L x'G5 ;dfhdf n}+lus lje]bsf] ljsf; M
n}+lus lje]b s'g} klg ;dfhdf Ps}k6s of crfgs x'Fb}g . jiff+}{-jif{;Dd k':tf}+k':tfb]lv rnrNtLdf /x]sf] xfd|f /Lltl/jfh, k/Dk/f, ;+:s[lt cyjf wd{sf] cf8df n}+lus e]befjn] h/f uf8]sf] x'G5 . ToxL k/Dk/fb]lv rlncfPsf] ;+:sf/nfO{ hf]ufpg] gfddf g} dlxnf / k'?ifaLrsf] n}+lus e]befjnfO{ ;dfhn] x'sf{O/x]sf] x'G5 . dlxnf / k'?ifsf aLrsf] zlQm ;Gt'ngdf k'?ifnfO{ a9L zlQmzfnL tyf clwsf/k"0f{ agfpg wd{nfO{ ToxL ?kdf JofVof ul/G5 / To:t} k/Dk/fsf] ljsf; / hu]{gf ug]{ ul/G5 . pbfx/0fsf] ?kdf lxGb| wd{df d[To'kl5 :ju{sf] 9f]sf vf]Ng 5f]/fn] g} clGtd bfx;+:sf/ ug'{kg]{, 5f]/fn] sfhlsl/of ug'{kg]{ h:tf JofVofx? ul/Psf] 5 . o;n] kl/jf/ / ;dfhdf 5f]/Lsf] t'ngfdf 5f]/fsf] a9L dxTj :yflkt u/fpF5 . oxL dfGotfn] k'?ifnfO{ a9L clwsf/;DkGg / a9L zlQmzfnL agfpF5 . o:tf pbfx/0fx? xfdLsxfF k|z:t kfOG5g\ . o;/L k'?ifsf] dxTjnfO{ :yfkgf ul/;s]kl5 To;nfO{ x'sf{pg, a9fpg / cem alnof] agfpglt/ xfd|f] ;f]+r, b[li6sf]0f / Jojxf/ aGb} hfG5 .
To:t} lsl;dn] 5f]/LnfO{ ;fg}b]lv 1fgL, afa'cfdf / cfkm"eGbf 7"nfn] eg]sf] dfGg], ;xgzLn x'g] cflb l;sfOG5 . pgLleq ;fg}b]lv csf{sf] 3/df hfg] hft, 5f]/Lsf] hfth:tf efjgfx?sf] ljsf; u/fOG5 . ;fg} pd]/b]lv Jojxfl/s?kdf h:tf] b]Vb}, ef]Ub} JolQm x's{G5 To;sf] dfgl;stf klg To:t} lsl;dn] ljsf; x'G5 . s]6fsf cufl8 s]6LnfO{ ;fgf] / tNnf] txsf] Jojxf/ ul/Fbf To; s]6Lsf] cfkm\gf] cfTd;Ddfg, cfkm\gf] dxTj / cfTdljZjf;nfO{ g} ;dfKt kfl/lbG5 . o;af6 pgLx?leq 5f]/fsf] t'ngfdf ;fg} 5' eGg] lxgtfaf]wsf] jLp /f]lkG5 . o;k|sf/ ;dfhn] dlxnf / k'?ifnfO{ a]Unf a]Un} agfpg] ub{5 / o;/L g} ;dfhdf n}+lus lje]bsf] :yfkgf x'g]ub{5 .

n}+lus lje]bdf cfwfl/t lx+;f M
n}+lus lje]bdf cfwfl/t lx+;f Ps ljlzi6 k|sf/sf] lx+;f xf] . hf] dlxnf ePs} sf/0fn] x'g] ub{5 . o:tf 36gfx? xfd|f] cfkm\g} kl/jf/, ufpF3/ 5/l5d]sdf lbgx'Fh;f] eO/xG5g\ . n}+lus lje]bdf cfwfl/t lx+;f u/LjL / c1fgtfn] dfq x'Fb}g, o:tf lx+;fsf 36gfx? s'g} klg 7fpF, zx/ tyf ufpF hxfF klg x'g ;S5g\ . o:tf] lx+;f wgL jf u/Lj, lzlIft jf clzlIft, ljjflxt jf cljjflxt, ljwjf s'g} klg dlxnfdfly x'g ;S5 h;sf] sf/0f pgLx?sf] hLjgsf ljljw kIfdf bL3{sflng zf/Ll/s tyf dgf]j}1flgs b'ikl/0ffdx? cfpF5g\ .
;fwf/0ftof zlQm xftdf x'g]x?af6 zlQmljxLgdfly lx+;f ug]{ ;+efjgf ;Fw} alnof] /xG5 . xfd|f] ;dfhdf ljBdfg n}+lus dfGotfx?n] dlxnf tyf k'?ifsf aLr lje]b l;h{gf u/]/ pgLx?aLr c;dfg zlQm;DaGw sfod x'g k'u]sf] l:ylt 5 . t;y{ dlxnfnfO{ zlQmljxLg tyf lg/Lx agfO{ ljleGgvfn] lx+;f v]Kg'kg]{ l:yltdf k'¥ofpg] ;dfhdf ljBdfg h]08/ d"NodfGotfx? g} dlxnf lj?4sf] lx+;fsf] k|d'v sf/0f dfGg ;lsG5 . o:tf] lje]bn] dlxnfx?sf] :yfg 3/kl/jf/ / ;dfhdf dfq xf]Og /fHok|0ffnLdf g} pgLx?k|lt e]befjk"0f{ gLlt cjnDag u/]sf] kfOG5 .
;+o'Qm /fi6";+3n] n}+lus lje]bdf cfwfl/t lx+;fnfO{ JolQm, kl/jf/, ;d'bfo / /fi6"nfO{ g} k|efljt ug]{ Ps ;d:of eg]sf] 5 . …dlxnf lx+;f eg]sf] dlxnfdfly ul/g] ljleGg lsl;dsf zf/Ll/s, of}lgs, dfgl;s Pj+ lx+;fTds Jojxf/x? x'g\ . o:tf vfn] Jojxf/x?leq dlxnfdfly ul/g] s'6lk6, 3/leq aflnsfpk/ ul/g] of}g zf]if0f, bfOhf]sf] sf/0fn] ul/g] b'Jo{jxf/x?, j}jflxs hLjgleq anfTsf/, of}gf]R5]bgsf ;fy} ljleGg lsl;dsf 3fts ;fdflhs-;fF:s[lts k/Dk/fx? kb{5g\ t/ logLx?df dfq ;Lldt eg] x'Fb}gg\ .Ú -dlxnf lj?4 x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf lx+;f pGd"ng ug]{ ;+o'Qm /fi6";+3Lo 3f]if0ff kq_
…ln+usf] cfwf/df ul/g] lx+;f dfgjclwsf/ xgg\sf] lgs[i6 ?k xf] . of] ;a} b]z, ;a} ;+:s[lt, ju{, ;d'bfo, cfly{s l:ylt ePsf ;d"xx?df eP klg g/fd|f] ?kn] blIf0f Plzofsf b]zx?df kmi6fPsf] 5 . of] If]qnfO{ dlxnfdfly ul/g] Jojxf/sf nflu ;+;f/sf] ;a}eGbf c;+j]bgzLn If]q dflgG5 .Ú- UNICEF ROSA
oxfF pNn]v ug'{kg]{ Pp6f s'/f s] eg] n}+lus lje]bdf cfwfl/t lx+;f k'?ifaf6 k'?ifnfO{ jf dlxnfaf6 dlxnfnfO{{ jf k'?ifnfO{ hf] ;'s}nfO{ klg x'g ;S5 . t/ xfd|f] ;dfh lkt[;QfTds ePsf] sf/0f ;a}h;f] zlQms]Gb|x?df k'?ifs} afx'Notf Pj+ lgoGq0f :yflkt x'g uPsf]n] n}+lus lje]bdf cfwfl/t lx+;f k|foM k'?ifx?af6 g} x'g]u/]sf] kfOG5 . t/ o;sf] cy{ dlxnfaf6 n}+lus lje]bdf cfwfl/t s'g} klg lx+;f x'Fb}g eGg] xf]Og . vf;u/L sltko zlQm;DkGg dlxnfaf6 klg cfkm\gf] zlQm hf]ufO/fVg jf zlQm a9fO{ cfkm"nfO{ emg zlQmzfnL agfpg k|z:t lx+;fx? x'g] ub{5g\ . To;}n] dfly g} pNn]v ul/Pcg';f/ lx+;fsf] d'Vo s8L g} bf]ifL / kLl8t b'O{ kIfx?aLr ;[lht x'g hfg] zlQmsf] lje]b jf c;dfgtf g} xf] eGg] s'/fnfO{ lj;{g' x'Fb}g .

g]kfndf dlxnfdfly x'g] lx+;fsf] l:ylt M
>Ldfg\ jf lgs6td ;DaGwsf k'?ifx?af6 x'g] lx+;f dlxnflj?4sf] lx+;fsf] ;a}eGbf a9L b]lvg] ?k xf] . ljZj :jf:Yo ;+u7gsf] k|ltj]bgn] b]vfPcg';f/ w]/} b]zdf ul/Psf] cWoogn] !) b]lv ^( k|ltzt dlxnfx?n] cfkm\gf] hLjgsf] s'g} laGb'df cfkm\gf] >Ldfg\af6 zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s lx+;f v]k]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . ;fyL gfds Ps u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfn] u/]sf] Ps cWoogcg';f/ g]kfndf 3/]n' lx+;f Joxf]l//x]sf dlxnfx?dWo] %* k|ltztn] lbgx'F lx+;f v]k]sf] kfOG5 . h;df ^^ k|ltzt kL8sx? kl/jf/s} ;b:o x'g]u/]sf 5g\ . oLdWo] ^^ k|ltzt dlxnfx? ufnLunf}haf6, ^! k|ltzt dlxnfx? dfgl;s oftgfaf6 / ## k|ltzt dlxnfx? efjgfTds oftgf kLl8t ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 . Forum for Women, Law and Development (FWLD) gfdsf] ;+:yfn] u/]sf] Ps cWoogcg';f/ $# k|ltzt dlxnfx?n] sfo{:yndf of}gb'Jo{jxf/ v]k]sf] kfOPsf] b]vfPsf]5 . To:t} jif]{gL % b]lv & xhf/;Dd g]kfnL r]nLx? laqmL eO/x]sf] kfOG5 . slDtdf % ;o ?k}ofFb]lv a9Ldf ^) b]lv *) xhf/;Dddf g]kfnL r]nLx? laqmL eO/x]sf] ;dfrf/x? k|sfzdf cfO/xG5g\ . clxn];Dd s/La @ nfv g]kfnL r]nLx? laqmL eO;s]sf] cg'dfg 5 .

dlxnfdfly x'g] lx+;fsf k|sf/x? M
;dfhdf ljBdfg n}+lus d"NodfGotfsf] cfwf/df k|foM ;a}h;f] ;d'bfodf 7Ls, a]7Ls elg lx+;fsf] k|s[ltnfO{ cf-cfkm\g} 9+un] 5'6\ofP/ x]g]{ rng 5 . k/Dk/fut k'/ftg ;dfhdf >Ldfg\nfO{ >LdtLsf] dflnssf] ?kdf x]l/g] u/]sf]n] klg k'?ifn] dlxnfdfly ljleGg k|sf/sf lx+;f ug]{ df}sf kfpFb} cfPsf] b]lvG5 .
-s_ bfOhf] k|yf M bfOhf] k|yfsf sf/0f sltko dlxnfx?n] ljleGg vfn] ef}lts, zf/Ll/s, df}lvs, efjgfTds / dgf]j}1flgs nf~5gf, oftgf b'Jo{jxf/sf] ;fy} Hofg ;d]t u'dfpg' kl//x]sf] 5 . k|z:t bfOhf] gNofPsf] lgx'Fdf >Ldfg\ / kl/jf/af6 oftgf lbg] u/]sf] w]/} ;'lgG5 . of] ;dfhdf ljBdfg n}+lus d"NodfGotfx?s} cfwf/df l;lh{t dlxnfla?4sf] Ps clt lgs[i6 k|sf/sf] lx+;f t x'Fb} xf] To;eGbf klg of] ;fdflhs lx+;f / dfgjclwsf/s} xgg\ xf] .
-v_ af]S;Lsf] cf/f]kdf dlxnfnfO{ oftgf lbg'M k/Dk/fb]lv rlncfPsf] cGwljZjf;sf sf/0f cfh klg xfd|f ufpF3/x?df af]S;Lsf] cf/f]kdf s}of}+ dlxnfx?n] cdfgjLo Jojxf/ v]Kb} cfPsf 5g\ . pgLx?nfO{ dnd"q v'jfpg], lha|f] 8fldlbg] h:tf lx+;fsf 8/nfUbf :j?kx? cfh klg xfdLx? lgjf{w?kdf ;'Gg afWo 5f}+ . cfly{s?kdf zlQmljxLg, sdhf]/ kfl/jfl/s cj:yf ePsf, cfkm\gf] arfj ug{ g;Sg], cfkm\gf] arfj ug{ g;Sg] jf ul/lbg] sf]xL gePsf c;xfo, lg/Lx a[4f tyf ckx]lnt dlxnfx?nfO{ o:tf] cf/f]k nufOg] u/]sf] kfOG5 .
-u_ s'dfl/Tj / ;ltTjsf] cjwf/0ffsf] sf/0f l;lh{t lx+;fM lje]bk"0f{ n}+lus d"NodfGotfs} sf/0f s'dfl/Tj / ;ltTjsf] cjwf/0ff klg aflnsf, lszf]/L tyf dlxnf;Fu dfq} hf]8]/ x]g]{ k/Dk/fn] cfkm\gf] s'g} s;'/lagf lx+;|s k'?ifaf6 x'g] of}ghGo b'Jo{jxf/ / vf;u/L anfTs[t ePdf klg pgLx?k|lt ;xfg"e"lt /fVg] t k/} hfcf];\ >Ldfg\ tyf kl/jf/sf] O{Hhtd} wAaf nfu]sf] eg]/ lt/:sf/ ug]{, ckx]lnt u/]/ 3/af6} lgsfNg] rng klg g;'lgPsf] xf]Og .
-3_ cfly{s lx+;f M k"FhLsf] pbo ePkl5 g} zlQmjfgn] k"FhLdfly cflwkTo hdfPsf] b]lvG5 . lkt[;QfTds ;fdflhs tyf ;fF:s[lts ;+/rgfn] xfd|f] ;dfhdf dlxnfnfO{ >f]tljxLg agfPsf] 5 . h;sf] sf/0f pgLx?sf] cGo ljsf;sf] ;fy} :jf:Yodf 7"nf] c;/ kl//x]sf] 5 . lkt[;QfTds ;fdflhs ;+/rgfsf] sf/0f k'?ifn] 3/leq jf 3/aflx/ b'j} If]qdf ug]{ dlxnfn] ug]{ pTkfbgdfly lgoGq0f u/]sf] x'G5 . k|foM 3/leqsf sfdx?df dlxnfx?sf] lhDdf nufOG5 t/ pgLx?n] ug]{ o:tf] sfdnfO{ s'g} dfGotf lbOFb}g . sltko cj:yfdf t dlxnfn] sfd ug]{ jf gug]{ eGg] s'/f k'?ifsf] cg'dltdf x'G5 . o;/L ;|f]]t, ;fwg / ;+klQdfly lgoGq0f ug]{, k};fsf] kxFraf6 pgLx?nfO{ 6f9f /fVg]h:tf ljleGgvfn] cfly{s lx+;f pgLx?dfly ePsf] kfOG5 .
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dlxnf lj?4sf] lx+;f cGt/- JolQm lx+;fsf] Ps ?k xf] . s]xL jif{klxn];Dd klg n}+lus lje]bdf cfwfl/t lx+;fnfO{ JolQmut jf kfl/jfl/s ljifosf] ?kdf x]l/GYof] . t/ xfn}sf jif{x?df ljz]ifu/L ;g\ !(($ df ;DkGg hg;+Vof / ljsf;;DaGwL cGt/f{li6"o ;Dd]ngkl5sf jif{df cfP/ o;nfO{ x]g]{ b[li6sf]0f / ;f]+rfOdf kl/jt{g cfpg yfn]sf] xf] . o; ;Dd]ngkl5sf ljleGg cGt/f{{li6"o ;Dd]ngx? tyf dlxnf xs clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfd ug]{ ljleGg dlxnf ;+3;+:yfx?n] n}+lus lje]bdf cfwfl/t x'g] lx+;fnfO{ JolQmut dfldnf dfq geO{ ;fdflhs d'2fsf] ?kdf x]l/g'k5{ eGg] cfjfh p7fO/x]sf 5g\ . To:t} lsl;dn] dlxnflj?4 x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf e]befj pGd"ng u/fpg] dxf;lGwn] klg dlxnflj?4 ljleGgvfn] lx+;f sd ug{ dlxnf ;zlQms/0fdf hf]8 lbFb} /fHoåf/f o:tf] lx+;f / of}g b'Jo{jxf/df k|ltjGw nufpg] / lgoGq0fsf] ;'emfj lbPsf] 5 . !((% sf] a]OlhË 3f]if0ffkqsf] dlxnf lx+;f;DaGwL a'Fbfn] dflysf] s'/fnfO{ o;/L k'li6 ub{5 -…dlxnfsf] Go"g cfly{s ;fdflhs x}l;otn] dlxnf lj?4sf] lx+;fnfO{ hGd / lg/Gt/tf lbg] sfd ul//x]sf] 5 . o;/L ;dfhdf JofKt lje]bsf sf0f dlxnfx? zf/Ll/s / dfgl;s ?kn] ljleGg lsl;dsf nfG5gf, kL8f vKg afWo 5g\ . h;n] pgLx?sf] :jf:Yodf ax'kIfLo c;/ kl//x]sf] 5 .Ú
o;k|sf/ n}+lus lje]bdf cfwfl/t lx+;fnfO{ hg:jf:Yosf] ;d:of / dfgjclwsf/sf] xgg\sf] ?kdf x]l/g yfn]sf] dfq geO{ o:tf] lx+;fsf] la/f]wdf ;+;f/el/ g} ljleGg k|of;x?sf] yfngL ePsf 5g\ . xfd|f] b]zdf anfTsf/ / r]lnj]6L j]rljvg lgoGq0fsf nflu P]g sfg"gx? klg s]xL ag]sf 5g\ . a}jflxs anfTsf/nfO{ sfg"gsf] bfo/fdf Nofpg'k5{ eGb} k/]sf] l/6 lgj]bgsf] km};nfdf ;jf]{Rrn] cfjZos sfg"g agfpg lgb]{zgfTds cfb]z lbPsf] lyof] . To:t} xfd|f] b]zn] klg ljleGg 8]9 bh{g cGt/f{li6"o dfgjclwsf/ b:tfj]hdf x:tfIf/ u/]sf] 5 . o;afx]sf dlxnf clwsf/sf If]qdf ePsf ljleGg /fli6"o cGt/f{li6"o cleofgx?df klg g]kfnn] k|lta4tf hfx]/ u/]sf] 5 . d'n'sL P]g P3f/f}+ ;+zf]wgn] s]xL dfqdf e]befjk"0f{ sfg"gL Joj:yfdf ;+zf]wg u/]sf] 5 . t/ sfof{Gjog kIfdf b]lvPsf] pbfl;gtfsf sf/0f ck]lIft kl/0ffd kfpg ;lsPsf] 5}g .
To:t} lsl;dn] ;~rf/dfWodx? Pj+ u}/;/sf/L If]qaf6 klg hgr]tgf km}nfpg] sfd e}/x]sf] 5 . k|foMh;f] ;a} /fhgLlts kf6L{x?sf] 3f]if0ffkqdf ;dfj]z dlxnflj?4sf] e]befjnfO{ cGTo ug]{ s'/f ;dfj]z 5 . t/ klg k|ltj4tfsf] sdLsf sf/0f o; If]qdf pNn]vgLo pknlAw x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g .

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dlxnfdfly klxnf] oftgf 3/leq}af6 x'G5 . ljleGg cWoogx?n] b]vfPsf 5g dlxnfx?nfO{ oftgf lbg] ;+efJo JolQm p;sf] >Ldfg\ xf] To;kl5 kl/jf/ clg sfo{ynf] . 3/]n' dlxnfx? t lklN;Psf 5g\ g} aflx/ sfd ug]{ dlxnfx?n] ef]Ub} cfPsf kL8f klg To;eGbf sd 5}gg\ . e]befj, lgDg tnadfg, lg0f{ok|lqmofaf6 cnUofOg' / of}g b'Jo{jxf/ pgLx?n] ef]Ub} cfPsf 5g\ . o:tf d'2fx?nfO{ sfg"gn] ;+af]wg u/] klg Jojxf/df ptfl/Psf] 5}g . ;dfgtf / ;zlQms/0fsf ljifodf ;dfh pbf/ x'g g;Sbf To;sf] k|ltkmn ;dfhn] lng ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . cWoogx?n] k'li6 u/]sf 5g\ dlxnf hlt ;an x'G5g\ Tolt g} ;dfh pGgt x'G5 . dlxnfnfO{ l;dfGts[t u/]/ s'g} klg ;dfhn] pknlAw xfl;n ug{ ;Sb}g . ca sfd / sfo{If]qsf] k'/ftg JofVofn] ln+luo kl/efiff lbg cyjf ;Lldt kfg{ ;Sb}g .
casf] xfd|f] sfo{lbzf n}+lus lje]bdf cfwfl/t lxF;fsf] c;/nfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug]{tkm{ geO{ pGd"ng ug]{tkm{ s]lGb|t x'g'kb{5 . 3/]n' lx+;fnfO{ JolQmut ;d:of / kfl/jfl/s ;d:ofsf] ?kdf x]l/g] k/Dk/fnfO{ tf]8]/ ;dfhsf x/]s 36gfx?df rf;f] lbg] k/Dk/fsf] yfngL ug'{kb{5 . o:tf] lx+;f /f]Sg JolQm, kl/jf/ ;dfh, /fHosf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /xG5 . x/]s JolQmn] klxn] cfkm}af6 o:tf] sfo{sf] yfngL ug'{ kb{5 . To:t} ldl8ofx?df dlxnfsf] ;sf/fTds 5jLnfO{ k|f]T;fxg lbg'kb{5 . k/Dk/fut 5ljjf6 dfly p7\g g;Sbf g} dlxnfx? oltljlw lx+;f ;xg afWo ePsf x'g\ .
dfgj hLjg / ;dfh ljsf;qmd ;Fu;Fu} cfufdL lbgx?df /fHo lgld{t sfg"gdf /x]sf e]befjx?sf] cGTo u/L Gofok"0f{ ;dfhsf] :yfkgf ug'{kg]{ k|d'v bfloTj /fHo kIfsf]] xf] . lsgls ;+j}wflgs wf/f !! / g]kfn ;/sf/n] dlxnf lj?4 x'g] ;j}k|sf/sf e]befj pGd"ng ug]{ dxf;lGwnfO{ ljgfzt{ cg'df]bg u/L e]befjd"ns sfg"g cGTo u/L dlxnfnfO{ k''?if;/x ;dfg agfpg] ljz]if Joj:yf ;d]t ckgfpg] k|ltj4tf hgfO;s]sf] 5 . t/, g]kfndf ;+ljwfgnufot %$ j6f sfg"gsf ! ;o !* sfg"gL k|fjwfgx? tyf ^& cg';"rLx? dlxnflj?4 k|ToIf e]befjk"0f{ 5g\ . d'n'sL P]gsf] P3f/f}+ ;+zf]wgn] s]xL dfqfdf e]befjk"0f{ sfg"gL Joj:yf ;+zf]wg ug]{ k|of; u/] klg cem} dlxnflj?4sf w]/} e]befjk"0f{ Joj:yfx? ljBdfg 5g\ . c+zj08f nufotsf d'2fx?df ln+usf] cfwf/df e]befjk"0f{ sfg"g lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . To:t} j}jflxs anfTsf/, 3/]n' lx+;f, af]S;L k|yf, 5fpk8L k|yf, gful/stf k|flKtdf lje]b nufotsf d'2fx?df k|i6 sfg"gsf] cefj ljBdfg 5Fb}5 . To;}n] n}+lus lje]bdf cfwfl/t lx+;fsf] cGTo u/L dlxnfnfO{ clwsf/ k|bfg ug]{ ;jfndf /fHokIf ;+s'lrt ePsf] jt{dfg cj:yfdf xfdL ;Dk"0f{ ;dfgtfsf lxdfotLx?n] lje]bhGo sfg"gdf ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ s'/fnfO{ ;zQm?kn] cfjfh p7fpg'kg]{ cfhsf] cfjZostf ePsf] 5 . To:t} xfd|f] ufpF ;dfhdf JofKt lje]bhGo ;fdflhs ;+:sf/x?, k|rngx?, k/Dk/fut dfGotfx?nfO{ abn]/ Gofok"0f{ ;dfhsf] :yfkgfdf h'6\g] k|ltj4tf JoQm u/L o; cleofgdf ;dfhsf ;a} kIf nfUg' h?/L 5 . o;qmddf ;dfh abNgsf nflu klxnf] z'?jft cfkm}af6 ug'{kb{5 eGg] s'/fnfO{ s;}n] klg la;{g' x'Fb}g . laxmi_acharya35@yahoo.com

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b; jif{ nfdf] /Qmkft / ToxL /Qmkftsf] cf8df k|hftGq vf]:g] s'lT;t k|of;nfO{ /f]Sg clxn] lg0ff{os If0fdf b]z plePsf] 5 . lat]sf] ;ftf g]kfnsf] /fhgLlt …lbNnLÚdf hf/L :ki6 t/ e"ldut ultljlwn] tftf] /Xof] . ;ft /fhgLlts bn / dfcf]jfbLsf g]tfx?aLr cGt/f{li6"o ko{j]If0fdf uDeL/ / lg0ff{os jftf{ ePsf] va/x?n] ;~rf/dfWoddf k|d'vtf kfO/x]sf 5g\ . t:jL/ :ki6 eOg;s]sf] eP klg dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfgdf …lbNnL bf}8Ú, …a|]s y'|Ú aGg]5 eGg] s'/fdf zª\sf /x]sf] 5}g .
/fhfsf] lg/ª\s'z rfxgf, cljj]sL x7 / cl8on k|j[ltn] cGttM hgtfsf zlQmx?nfO{ Ps 7fpFdf cfpg afWo kf/]sf] 5 . s]xL dlxgf cl3;Dd bn / dfcf]jfbL Pp6} nIod'gL Psfsf/ x'g ;S5g\ eGg] s'/f sNkgf klg ug{ g;lsg] laifo lyof] . ;fdGtjfbsf lk7\o" eGb} dfcf]jfbLn] bnx?nfO{ lgzfgfdf /fVg] / pu|jfdkGyL e8\sfpo'Qm cft+sjfb eGb} bnx?n] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ n5fg]{ qmddf tL b'O{ aLr zq'tfsf] eofgs >[ª\vnf lgld{t ePsf] lyof] . t/, clxn] cfZro{hgs ?kdf kfgL olt lj£g ;ª\lnPsf] 5 ls cd]l/sfn] 9'Ëf xfGbf klg nx/x?n] vnanL dRrfpg ;Sg] cj:yf 5}g . bn / dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] Pstfaf6 ;a}eGbf 7"nf] 3f6f /fhfnfO{ g} x'G5 t/ Tof] Pstfsf ;'qfwf/ /fhf :jo+ x'g\ . :ofn ;x/ k:g p;sf] dlte|i6 ePs} x'g'k5{ eGg] plQm o; ;Gbe{df ;To klg b]lvPsf] 5 .
bn / dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] lg6stf / pgLx?sf] kl/jlt{t nIodf cfPsf] ;dfgtf Ps xb;Dd ckTofl/nf] klg 5 . /fhfsf] …nlnkkÚ b]Vbf ¥ofn r'xfpg] bnx? nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] dfu{df o;/L sDd/ s;]/ nfUbf / xltof/af6 lx/f] ag]sf dfcf]jfbLn] To;/L xltof/ljlxg x'g] k|:tfj ubf{ w]/}nfO{ g]kfnL /fhgLltdf km]/L csf]{ gf6s d~rt eO/x]sf] h:tf] nflu/x]sf] 5 . bnx? dfcf]jfbLsf] …;+ljwfg;efÚdf Psdtn] ;xdt x'g' / dfcf]jfbL bnx?sf] km'sf]{ ;dft]/ zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ngdf cfpg ;xdt x'g' klg sd lj:dosf/L 36gf ljsf; xf]Og . …Ouf]Ú / …cf]e/NofkÚ r6Ss 5f]8]/÷la;]{/ b'O{ zq'x?aLr ;Demf}tf x'g ;Sb}g / eP klg Tof] rL/ / :yfoL x'Fb}g eGg] zfZjt dfGotfs} sf/0f w]/}nfO{ df3 !( kl5 lbNnLsf] ;]/f]km]/f] ljsl;t 36gfqmd ckTofl/nf] nfu]sf] xf], h'g w]/} xb;Dd :jfefljs klg xf] .
clxn] b/af/ / p;sf dltof/ afx]s hg;fdfGob]lv k]zfsdL{ / k|hftflGqs v]df lgs6sf g]kfnLx?df cfzfjfbsf] gofF nx/ b]lvG5 . bn-dfcf]jfbL Pstfsf] qmdj4tf / To;df lglxt k|ltj4tfsf cufl8 ;z+ª\lst zlQm/fi6"x? klg l;lyn x'Fb} uO/x]sf 5g\ . g]kfndf lbuf] zflGt / k"0f{ k|hftGqsf kIfw/x? klg qmdzM bn-dfcf]jfbL Pstfsf] ;dy{gdf cf]n{g yfn]sf 5g\ .
cfzfjfb alnof] x'Fb} uO/x]sf] eP klg cfzª\sfsf] t'jfnf] x6\g ;s]sf] 5}g . /Qmkftaf6 l;lh{t cfjZostf / /fhfsf] x7af6 pTkGg lg/ª\s'ztfaf6 Ps;fy d'lQm kfOg] ;Defjgf t'lxg] / km]/L g]kfnL hgtfn] Oltxf;sf qm'/ k~hfaf6 /QmfDo x'g'kg]{ lgotL ef]Ug' kg]{ t xf]Og < eGg] k|Zg clxn] ;a}sf] cf]7df em'l08Psf] 5 . jf:tjdf of] k|Zgdf u'?Tj 5 / o;sf] :ki6 / 7f]; pQ/ kfpg cem} s]xL xKtf jf dlxgf s'g'{ kg]{5 .
bn / dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] ;DefJo / ;lGgs6 Pstf s;}sf] dgf]ut rfxgfsf] kl/0ftL xf] eGg] ;f]lrof] eg] Tof] cToGt unt ;f]r dflgg]5 . a:t'ut kl/l:ylt kl/kSj ePkl5 hgtfsf b'O{ zlQmx?aLr lgs6tf a9]sf] xf] / ;dfg nIo tyf zq' lgwf{l/t x'g k'u]sf x'g\ . df3 !( cl3 o:tf] ;Defjgf lyPg lsgeg] Tolta]nfsf] kl/l:yltn] bn / dfcf]jfbLnfO{ Ps-csf{sf] cfjZostfaf]w g} u/fPsf] lyPg t/ df3 !( kl5 l;lh{t kl/l:yltdf tL b'O{ zlQmx?sf] lgzfgf Pp6} x'g k'Uof] / Tof] lgzfgfdf k|xf/ ug{ PSnfPSn} an sd x'g] eof] . ;+o'Qm ansf] k|of]u u/L Ps;fy k|xf/ ug]}{ kg]{ cGoyf b'Oj6} zlQmn] k/flht x'g'kg]{ afWotfaf6 Pstf / ;xsfo{ ;Dej ePsf] xf] . b'a}sf] lgzfgfdf /x]sf /fhf;Fusf] ;ª\3if{nfO{ emg\ wfl/nf] / zlQmzfnL agfpg'kg]{ kl/l:yflt gag]sf] eP b; jif{b]lvsf oL lj/f]wLx?aLr lj:dosf/L Pstf b]Vg} ;lsg] lyPg .
hxfF;Dd Pstf k|of;df vnn k'Ug] cfzª\sfsf] k|Zg 5, w]/} xb;Dd Tof] cfzª\sf :jfefljs eP klg a:t'ut kl/l:yltn] Pstfdf efFhf] xfNg] zlQmx?nfO{ k/f:t ug]{ lglZrt 5 . dfcf]jfbL lglZrt ?kdf ;'/lIft t/ ;Ddfghgs cjt/0fsf nflu Aofs'n 5 . /fHosf] ;Ël7t / ;zQm k|lt/IffnfO{ Wj:t ug]{ Ifdtf gePsf] lab|f]xL zlQmdf o'4 nlDabf Ifo / sdhf]/L a9\b} hfg] lglZrt 5 . sfo{stf{ / n8fs"x?nfO{ …lb3{sflng hgo'4Úsf] cf}lrTo ;DemfpFbf ;DemfpFb} knfog, ljs[lt / cke|+; r'lng] / To;af6 dfcf]jfbLsf] b'Mvb cj;fg afx]s c? x'Fb}g . …hgjfbL u0ftGqÚsf] ck|f;flËs / c:jLsfo{ gf/fdf kl/jt{g u/L …nf]stflGqs u0ftGqÚdf embf{ klg ;fdGtjfbL /fHo;QfnfO{ Wj:t kfg{ ;lsG5 eg] nfdf] o'4df km;]/ cfGbf]ngnfO{ abgfd u/L o'4 ;/bf/x?sf] k|ltkmndf l;ldt /xg dfcf]jfbLnfO{ dg 5}g . csf]{tkm{, /fhf;Fu xft ldnfP/ jf n]gb]gdf ;Gt'i6 eP/ dfq /fhgLlts bnx?sf] eljio 5}g / nuftf/ hgtfsf] lt/:sf/af6 pgLx?sf] v}l/ot 5}g . /fhfsf] kf]N6fsf] v]nf}gf eGbf km/s g]kfndf hgtfsf] jf:tljs zf;g / :yfoL zflGtsf nflu 7f]; / lg0ff{os sbd p7fpg'kg]{ P]ltxfl;s afWotf ;fd' bnx?n] em'Sg' k/]sf] xf] .
/fhfn] klg dfcf]jfbL / bn b'a}nfO{ Wj:t kfg]{ /0fgLlt cg';f/ sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . o'4 nDAofP/ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ l5GgleGg kfg]{ / o'4s} lgx'Fdf bnx?nfO{ ;8sdf klg bdg ub}{ hfg] gLltdf /fhf 87]sf 5g\ . bnx?nfO{ /fHo ;~rfngdf e"ldsflxg agfOof] eg] pgLx?k|ltsf] cfsif{0f 36\5 eGg] yfxf kfPsf /fhfn] bn-dfcf]jfbL PstfnfO{ c;kmn kfg]{ tdfd\ k|of; ug]{5g\ . t/, ca bn / dfcf]jfbLn] /fhfsf] lgot, a:t'ut w/ftn / cl:tTj /Iffsf] cfjZostf yfxf kfO;s]sfn] /fhfsf] if8\oGqsf/L e"ldsf ;kmn x'g] / bn-dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] Pstf c;kmn x'g] ;Defjgf cToGt sd 5 .
ef/tb]lv cd]l/sf / rLg;d]tn] g]kfndf lbuf] zflGt rfx]sf 5g\ eg] Pstf ;kmn x'g] s'/fdf zª\sf ug'{ x'Fb}g . cd]l/sfsf] af]nLdf b]lvPsf] …cgf}7f]kgÚ p;sf] :jfefljs lrGtf xf] eGg] a'em]/ bnx?n] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ /fhgLltsf] zflGtk"0f{ k|jfxdf Nofpg] k|lqmofnfO{ /fi6"lxtdf ;DKffbg ug'{k5{ . dfcf]jfbLn] h'g lbg xltof/ la;fpg] cflwsfl/s 3f]if0ff ug]{5g\ cd]l/sf To;nfO{ :jfut ug{ afWo x'g]5 / /fi6";+3sf] ;'kl/j]If0fsf] e"ldsf agfpg] bfloTj p;}sf] sfFwdf k'Ug]5 . dfcf]jfbLsf] la:tfl/t a}7sn] xfn} u/]sf] lg0f{o / bn-dfcf]jfbL jftf{sf ;xdtLx? cflwsfl/s ?kdf ;fj{hlgs ePs} lbgb]lv g]kfnsf ldqx?n] /fhfnfO{ …;+ljwfg;efÚdf ;xdt u/fpg ;Nnfx, bjfj, k|ltjGw jf c? tl/sf k|of]u ug'{' afx]s c? ljsNk /xg] 5}g .
bn-dfcf]jfbL PstfnfO{ /fhf afx]s c? SofDkaf6 s'g} vt/f 5}g . cGoq st}af6 vt/f 5 eg] Tof] pgLx? leq}af6 5 . bnx? …;+ljwfg;efÚ eGbf tn em/]/ km]/L r/d cj;/jfbtkm{ nfu] eg] jf dfcf]jfbL …cf]7] k|ltj4tfÚ af]s]/ …bfpÚ v]Ng] rSs/df /Xof] eg] dfq P]ltxfl;s Pstfsf] ;Defjgf t'lxg]5 . cGoyf of] b]znfO{ o'4 / lg/ª\s'ztfaf6 d'Qm ug]{ P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngnfO{ /f]Sg] x}l;ot ljb]zL÷:jb]zL s'g} zlQm;Fu 5}g .

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cfhef]ln htftt} dlxnf xs / clwsf/sf s'/fx? w]/} rrf{ x'g] u5{g\ . dlxnf k'?if ;dfgtfsf s'/f x'g] u5{g\ . dlxnf k'?ifsfaLr k|s[ltn] 5'§fPsf] lje]b afx]s c? s'/fx? ;a} xfd|f] ;dfhn] g} u/]sf] lje]b xf] . dlxnf / k'?ifsfaLr ePsf] ;fdflhs lje]b g} clxn] ;dfgtfsf] afws l;4 eO/x]sf] tYo k|dfl0ft e};s]sf] 5 . o;}sf] k]l/km]l/df x'g] ax;, uf]i7L, cGtlqmofx?n] dlxnfx?sf aLr hfu/0f NofO/x]sf] 5 . o;f] x]bf{ nfU5 ca dlxnfx? w]/} hfGg] ;'Gg] eO;s]sf 5g\ . ;lbof}+b]lv 3/sf] rf/lbjf/leq s}b pgLx?sf ;kgfx? ca oyfy{df cGtl/Ifdf ;d]t p8\g yfln;s]sf 5g\ . cj;/ kfPeg] dlxnfx? s''g} klg If]qdf sf]xL eGbf sd 5}gg\ eGg] s'/f k|dfl0ft ul/;s]sf 5g\ .
dlxnfsf ;d:ofx?sf af/]df n]lv/xFbf dnfO{ Pp6f s'/fn] ;Fw} 3r3rfO{/xG5 . st} k9]sL lyPF- …hLjg tyf hut\sf] cl:tTj Pjd\ ljsf; ljk/Ltx?sf] cv08 PsTj tyf lg/Gt/ cGt/ ;+3if{df cfwfl/t x'G5 . Pssf] cefjdf bf]>f]sf] kl/sNkgf;Dd ug{ ;lsGg . of] k|:yfkgf k|fs[lts Pjd\ P]ltxfl;s b'j} b[li6n] csf6\o?kdf ;To l;4 eO;s]sf] 5 . tfklg of] w|'j ;TonfO{ lsg of] of Tof] sf]0faf6 k6s-k6s c;To ;fljt ug]{ w[i6tf ul/G5 < lsg gf/Lsf] cl:tTj / ljsf; ;Dej 5 eGg] ts{ af/Daf/ 3f]sfOG5 < lsg gf/L-k'?ifsf] cGt/ ;DaGwnfO{ Ps-csf{sf] {afwsÚ 7fg]/ To;nfO{ lgif]w ug]{ lg/Gt/ if8oGq /lrG5 < ;f/tM lsg ;fdflhs hLjgdf gf/Lsf] ckl/xfo{ :yfg tyf clwsf/nfO{ s'7f/f3ft ul/G5 <Ú
;fFlRRs} o:t} t 5 xfd|f] jl/kl/ . xfdL ;a} To;} ul//x]5f}+ . xfd|f 3/x?df kl/jf/sf dlxnf ;b:osf clwsf/sf s'/f slxNo} p7\b}gg\ . lsg kl/jf/df k'?if ;b:ox?sf] O{R5f / rfxgfx? ;Fw} xfjL x'G5g\ < lsg ;Fw} dlxnfx?n] g} cfkm\gf O{R5f rfxgfx?sf] aln r9fpg' k5{ < o;sf] sf/0f vf]tNb} hfFbf, dlxnfx?sf] cj:yf lrq0f ub}{ hfFbf, xfd|f] lkt[;QfTds ;fdflhs ;+/rgfsf] lje]bhGo Joj:yfn] NofPsf] c;dfgtfsf] vf8ndf k/]/ bljPsf dlxnfsf] xf};nf a9fpg] x]t' sof}+k6s dlxnf k'?if ;dfg 5g\ eGg] lx;fan] n]lvof] . ;dfg 5g\ eg]/ n]Vbf klg st} g st} c;dfgtfsf] emNsf] cfpF5 . :jo+l;4 tYo h:tf] hf] cfkm}df k"0f{ 5 To;nfO{ af/Daf/ 5 eg]/ k|dfl0ft ul//xg'sf] s] cf}lrTo x'g ;S5 < o:t} cfzo x'g;S5 dfly pNn]lvt cleJolQmsf] . o; cy{df slxn]sflxF d cfkm"nfO{ klg o; k|a[lQaf6 k"0f{?kdf dfly p7fpg ;s]sL 5}g h:tf] nfU5 . km]l/ xfd|f] ;dfh, oxfFsf dflg;x? w]/} t r]tgfz'Go 5g\ . k9]n]v]/ 7"nf ePsfx?, /fhgLlts g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x?, cfkm"nfO{ ;dflhs JolQmTjsf ?kdf lrgfpg]x? Jojxfl/s ?kn] slt kl/jt{g ePsf 5g\ < x]g]{ xf] eg] lg/fzf afx]s s]xL kfpg ;lsGg . xfd|f] kl/j]zsf] s'/f ug]{ xf] Psflt/ dlxnfx? s]lx cufl8 t cfPsf 5g\ t/ klg xfd|f lje]bhGo ;fdflhs ;+/rgfx? Ho"Fsf To"F 5g\ . h;n] ubf{ dlxnfx?nfO[{ k"0f{?kn] JolQmTj ljsf;df nfUg w]/} g} cj/f]w l;h{gf eO/x]sf] 5 . bf]xf]/f], t]x/f] sfo{af]emn] pgLx?sf] bIftf / Ifdtfdf ljsf; x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . To;n] ubf{ klg dlxnfx? ;Fw} csf{sf] bofdf, cf8e/f];fdf dfq sfd ug{ ;S5g\ eGg] s'/fn] 7fpF kfO/x]sf] 5 .
cfhklg dlxnf clwsf/sf s'/f ug]{x? k'?iflj/f]wL x'g\ eGg] Psvfnsf] dfGotf sfod} 5 . wd{, ;:s[lt / k/Dk/fsf] b'xfO{ lbFb} jt{dfg ;fdflhs ;+/rgfdf km]/abn x'g]lalQs} 7"n} clgi6 x'g] ts{ u/]sf] kfOG5 . To:t} lsl;dn] k"jf{u|xL 9+un] dlxnfafbLx? lkt[;Qfsf] abnf dft[;Qf rfxG5g\ eGg] lsl;dsf] xf}jf km}nfpg] sfd klg w]/} x'g]u/]sf] 5 . :jtGqtf / d"lQmsf s'/fx?nfO{ 5f8f k|a[lQ;Fu t'ngf u/]/ o;sf] ;'Gb/ kIfnfO{ g} x]g{ grfxg]x? g} o:tf lqmofsnfkdf ;+nUg 5g\ . gf/LjfbLx?nfO{ abgfd ug]{ o; lsl;dsf] if8oGqnfO{ lrb}{ hfg' klg cfh plQs} h?/L e};s]sf] 5 . 5f]/Lsf] 7fpFdf 5f]/fsf] nflu x'g] k|lts'n cj:yfn] dlxnfx? klg sbflk v'zL x'Fb}gg\ . k'?if tfgfzfxsf] abnf dlxnf tfgfzfx xf]; eGg] gf/LjfbLx? sbflk rfxFb}gg\ . a? dlxnf clwsf/sf s'/f ug]{x? o:tf] Joj:yf rfxG5g\ hf] dlxnf Pj+ k'?if b'j}nfO{ nfebfos xf];\ . kl/jf/, /fli6"o, cGt/f{li6"o :t/df Gofok"0f{ ;fdflhs, cfly{s Joj:yf l;h{gf u/]/ c;dfgtf, bjfj Pj+ bdgnfO{ lgd{"n ug{ rfxG5g\ . o; k|sf/sf] gofF cj:yfdf k'?ifx?sf] cflwkTo,bjfj clg ljz]if clwsf/ t /xFb}g t/ klg pgLx?nfO{ klg ljz]if nfe x'G5 . lsgeg] lkt[;Qfn] dlxnfnfO{ dfq xf]Og k'?ifx?nfO{ klg w]/} cGofo u/]sf] 5 . ;dfhdf alnof], z'/f], kl/jf/sf] af]em p7fpg'kg]{ h:tf lhDd]jf/Lsf] af]emn] lyr]sf] 5 . lsgeg] of] h?/L 5}g ls ;a} k'?ifx?n] of]4fs} e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{' k/f];\ . ;dfhdf cfkm\gf] OR5fn] cfkm\gf] e"ldsf /f]Hg] :jtGqtf g dlxnfnfO{ 5 g k'?ifnfO{ . gf/Ljfbn] k'?ifx?nfO{ klg k"j{ ;'lglZrt e"ldsfx? / 5jLjf6 d"lQm lbnfpF5 . gf/LjfbLx?sf] p4]Zo jt{dfg Joj:yfdf cfwf hg;+Vof -dlxnf_ nfO{ :yflkt ug'{ dfq xf]Og ;dfh / ;fdflhs ;+/rgf hf] cGofoL 5 To;nfO{ g} abNg' xf] .] pgLx? ;dfhsf] x/]s If]qdf x'g] cGofosf] la/f]w u5{g\ . To;}n] dlxnf clwsf/sdL{x? k'?if la/f]wL xf]Ogg\ eGg] s'/fnfO{ ;a}n] a'em]/ o;nfO{ cfTd;ft ub}{ uof}+ eg] lkt[;Qfsf] cFWof/f] l5§} x6\g]5 . cfpg'xf]; Tof] cGwsf/nfO{ x6fpg xfdL cf-cfkm\gf] tl/sf / Ifdtf cg';f/ h'6f}+ . pHofnf] eljio xfd|f ;fd' l5§} em'lNsg]5 .
laxmi_acharya35@yahoo.com

cfdfsf] gfddf gful/stf clwsf/sdL{x?sf] k|d'v d'2f

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g]kfnsf] d'n sfg'g g} dlxnfsf] ;jfndf kIfkftLk"0f{ 5 . dlxnfx? cfkm" gful/s aGg xf]; cyjf cfkm\gf ;GtfgnfO{ gful/stf lbnfpg kltsf] kl/ro af]Sg'kg]{ afWotf v8f u/]sf] 5 . gful/stfsf] ;jfndf g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& sf] efu @ sf] wf/f ( sf] pkwf/f ! df pNn]v ePcg';f/ of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De ePkl5 hGd]sf] s'g} JolQmsf] afa' lghsf] hGd x'Fbf g]kfnsf] gful/s /x]5 eg] To:tf] JolQm j+zhsf] gftfn] g]kfnsf] gful/s x'g]5 . To:t} pkwf/f @ df g]kfn clw/fHoleq km]nf k/]sf] lkt[Tjsf] 7]ufg gePsf] k|To]s gfafns lghsf] afa' kQf gnfu];Dd j+zhsf] gftfn] g]kfnsf] gful/s dflgg]5 . oxfF b'j} pkwf/fdf gful/stf k|flKtsf nflu hGdfpg] / x'sf{pg] cfdfsf] s'g} vf]hL g} gx'g'nfO{ slt;Dd Gofo;+ut dfGg] < o:tf] ;+ljwfgnfO{ s;/L k|hftflGqs ;+ljwfg dfGg ;lsG5 < Psflt/ ;dfgtfsf] xsdf ln+usf] cfwf/df e]befj ul/g]5}g eGg] pNn]v x'g' csf]{lt/ gful/stf ;+aGwdf dlxnfnfO{ k"0f{ a]jf:tf ul/g' cfkm}df ljjfbf:kb sfg'gL k|fjwfgx? x'g\ . cem yk sfg'gL s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] g]kfn t emg dlxnf lj?4 x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf e]befj pGd"ng ug]{ dxf;GwL sf] kIf /fi6" xf] . ;f] dxf;GwLsf] wf/f ! / @ df dlxnflj?4 e]befjsf] kl/efiffdf gful/s;DalGw dfgjclwsf/sf] ljifoklg ;dfj]z /x]sf] / sfg'gdf klxn] g} kl/;s]sf] gePklg dlxnf / k'?ifdf ;dfgtfsf] l;4fGtnfO{ ;dfj]z ul/g'kg]{ cjwf/0ff :yflkt 5 . / g]kfn ;lGw P]g, @)$& sf] bkmf ( df ;lGwsf Joj:yfx? k|rlnt sfg'g;Fu aflemPdf aflemPsf] xb;Dd sfg'gsf] Joj:yf cdfGo x'g] / ;lGwsf] Joj:yf sfg'g;/x nfu" x'g] Joj:yf 5 . t/ dlxnfx?sf] ;dfg xs :yflkt ug]{ ;jfndf /fHo k"0f{ pbfl;g b]lvPsf] 5 . h'g;'s} cj:yfdf klg cfdfsf] gfdaf6 gful/stf lbg gldNg] ;+j}wflgs Joj:yf u/]/ sfg'gnfO{ ;d]t lkt[;Qfsf] r+u'nleq kf/]/ dlxnfnfO{ ckdflgt ug'{ / dlxnf clwsf/ / n}+lus ;dfgtfnfO{ g} pk]Iff u/]sf] b]lvG5 .
cfdfsf] gfdaf6 gful/stf lbg' / a+zh klg cfdfsf] gfdaf6 rnfOg' h'g;'s} kIfaf6 x]bf{ klg Jojxfl/s x'G5 . a? afa'sf] eGbf a9L xs cfdfsf] b]lvG5 . lsgeg] k|To]s JolQmsf] k|yd lrgf/L cfdfaf6 x'G5 . cfdfsf] ue{af6 hGdlng] s'/f ;fIfft oyfy{ xf] . h;nfO{ dfG5]n] b]Vg ;S5g\ . jf:tjdf afa'sf] klxrfg t cfdfnfO{ dfq x'G5 . of] ;Gtfg d]/f] xf] eGg] k|fs[lts clwsf/ cfdfnfO{ x'Fbfx'Fb} klg gful/stf k|flKtsf nflu cfdfnfO{ 5f8]/ afa'nfO{ g} vf]Hg'kg]{ sfg'gL k|fjwfg lsg < xfd|f] ;dfhdf afa' eP/ klg ;Gtfg gl:jsfg]{, kfngkf]if0fdf gh'6\g], cem cfkm\gf] Ifl0fs of}gt[i0ffnfO{ d]6\g s;}sf] lhGbuL aaf{b ug{ kl5 gx6\g], cfkm\g} 3/leq / gft]bf/x?jf6 anfTs[t eO{ ;Gtfg hlGdPsf slt pbfx/0f 5g\ slt . ljleGg cf/f]k nufP/ afa'n] ;Gtfg gl:jsf/]sf x'g\ cyjf anfTsf/sf] lzsf/ eO{ hGd]sf ;Gtfg ltgLx?nfO{ gful/stf lbnfpg s] ToxL anfTsf/L, ck/fwLnfO{ lnP/ k|zf;g k'Ug ;lhnf] 5 < h;nfO{ dgn] afa' :jLsfb}{g To;};Fu Gofosf nflu xft hf]8\g cfdf / 5f]/f5f]/Lx?nfO{ nfrf/ kfg]{ cGofoL sfg'g /fHon] slxn];Dd /fVg] < To:t} clxn] t s[lqd tl/sfn] aRrf hGdfpg] k|ljlwsf] k|of]u klg a9\b}5 . oL k|ljlwjf6 hGdfPsf ;Gtfgsf] afa' vf]Hg sxfF hfg] < h;n] ue{df af]lS5g\, x'sf{pFl5g\ / cfkm\gf] v'§fdf pEofpFl5g\ lt g]kfnL cfdfsf] gfddf ltgsf ;Gtfgn] gful/stf gkfpg] cTofrf/ slxn];Dd ;lx/xg] < jt{dfg sfg'gL Joj:yfdf oL k|Zgx?sf] s'g} hjfkm g} 5}g .
cfdfsf] gfdaf6 gful/stf kfpg' k5{ eg]/ k6s k6s bfo/ ul/Psf l/6x? lkt[Tjsf] 7]ufg gnufO{ cfdfaf6 :jtM gful/stf lbFbf lgltut ?kdf /fli6"o k|lti7f Pj+ wfld{s dfGotf ;'xfpFbf] dfGg ldNb}g eGb} ;jf]{Rrn] vf/]h u/]sf] 5 . jfbL dlxnfx?sf] xsdf xfn} ;sf/fTds km};nf ePsf] elgPklg sfof{Gjog kIf x]g{ afFsL g} 5 . km]l/ o;nfO{ ;d:t dlxnf hutsf] clwsf/sf] ?kdf ul/Psf] km};nf dfGg ;lsFb}g . lsgeg] ToxfF klg cfkm\g} ;Gtfg xf] eg]/ k|dfl0ft u/fpg'kbf{ dlxnfx?nfO w]/} nlHht agfpg] k|lqmof sfod} x'G5 . cfdf ePsf]n] xf]Og jfbL dlxnf ePsf]]n] p;sf] ;GtfgnfO{ gful/stf lbOPsf] xf] . ToxfF dlxnfsf] xssf] ?kdf km};nf ul/Psf] 5}g . olb To;f] x'Fbf] xf] 5 ;d:t dlxnfx?sf] kIfdf km};nf x'GYof] . dlxnf xs clwsf/sf s'/fx? ;+w}el/ st} ;+:s[ltsf] gfddf t st} wd{sf] gfddf t'lxFb} uPsf 5g\ . v'nf l;dfgf, v'nf of}g Joj;fo, anfTsf/sf 36gf h:tf sf/0f b]vfO{ /fHo hlxn] klg gful/stfsf] d'2fdf dlxnfk|lt gsf/fTds b]lvPsf] 5 . o:tf b[i6fGtx? x'Fbfx'Fb} klg dlxnf clwsf/sdL{x? slxn];Dd ;+ljwfgdf /x]sf] …;dfgtfÚ zJbnfO{ l6k]/ o;sf] u'0fufg ufO/xg] < o:tf] cJojxfl/s k2tLn] dlxnf clwsf/ :yflkt x'g ;Sb}g eGg] s'/f slxn] a'em\g] < dlxnf clwsf/sf s'/f ug]{x?n] of] a'em\g' h?/L e};s]sf] 5 ls jt{dfg sfg'gL Joj:yfn] dlxnf d'2fx?sf] ;xL ?kn] ;+jf]wg ug{ ;Sb}g . n}+lus d'2fx?nfO{ ;+af]wg ul/ dlxnfnfO{ ;Ifd ;jn agfpgsf nflu /fHo;+oGqsf x/]s lgsfox?df gofF ;f]Fr / gofF Jojxf/sf] cfjZostf 5 . gofF sfg'gL k|fjwfgx?sf] lgdf{0fsf] cfjZostf 5 . ;a} If]qdf cfd"n kl/jt{gsf] cfjZostf 5 . oL s'/fx?sf] ;a}n] a]n}df Vofn u/] /fd|f] x'g]5 .
laxmi_acharya35@yahoo.com

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ha ha s'g} b]zsf zf;sx? rf}tkmL{ ;'s]{;f]df km:5g\ Tolta]nf pgLx?sf] clGtd ljsNk eg]sf] cfˆgf] xftdf ePsf] ;Dk"0f{ zlQm k|of]u ug{ yfN5g\ . ha pgLx?sf] ljlw;Ddt xTs08fn] km]n vfG5 clg pgLx? ljlw ljwfg / ;+ljwfgnfO{ Roftr"t kfb}{ cl3 a9\5g\ . Tolta]nf pgLx? cfˆgf] u'Dg nfu]sf] :ju{sf] n"6 arfO/fVg h] klg xTs08fx? k|of]u ug{ ;S5g\ . oxL xTs08fsf] ?kdf s]xL ;do cl3 /fhfsf] g]t[Tjdf /x]sf] ;/sf/n] …s]xL g]kfn P]gnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug{ ag]sf] ;~rf/ cWofb]zÚ gfds hf/L u¥of] . h'g g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& ;Fu t k|ToIf?kdf aflemPsf] 5 g} h;dfkm{t g]kfnL hgtftsf] ;';"lrt x'g kfpg] xs klg vf]:g] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 .
df3 !( sf] zfxL 3f]if0ffsf] of]hgfadf]lhd ;fjwfgLjz / lgof]lht?kdf of] cWofb]z hf/L ul/Psf] xf] eGg]df s;}sf] b'O{ dt 5}g . df3 !( sf] zfxL sbdn] ;~rf/dfWodx?df k|xf/ s]lGb|t ug'{ / zfxL sbdsf] s]xL cEof;kl5 of] cWofb]z hf/L ul/g'n] of] cWofb]z zfxL sbdnfO{ alnof] / dbj't kfg{ NofPsf] xf] eGg]df b'O{ dt x'g' klg x'Gg . o;/L lsg lgof]lht / lg/Gt/?kdf ;~rf/ hutdf k|xf/ eO/x]sf] 5 Tof] klg ca ax; ul//xg'kg]{ cfjZotfsf] ljifo xf]Og lsg eg] xfdL]n] ( dlxgfsf] cg'ejaf6 ;~rf/dfWoddfly cfqmd0f x'g'sf] sf/0faf/] Jojxfl/s?kdf g} 5nkmn u/L lgrf]8 lgsfln;s]sf 5f}+ . of] aLrdf xfdLn] olt pknJwL xfl;n u/]sf 5f}+ ls jt{dfg ;/sf/sf pkfWoIf 8f= t'n;L lu/Lx?nfO{ /fhgLlts bnx?eGbf klg gful/s ;dfh g} 7"nf] zq' ePsf] d;;'; u/fpg ;kmn ePsf 5f}+ .
To;sf/0f of] cWofb]z lsg cfof] eGg]af/]df rrf{ ug'{eGbf klg cWofb]zsf] rl/qaf/] s]xL 5nkmn u/f}+ / o;nfO{ w/fzfoL kfg{ s] ug'{k5{ To;sf nflu Jofks ax; yfnf}+ . ;~rf/ ;DaGwL s]xL g]kfn P]gnfO{ tTsfn ;+zf]wg ug{ cfjZos ePsf] egL ;/sf/åf/f …s]xL g]kfn P]gnfO{ ;+;f]wg ug]{ ;+rf/ ;DjGWfL cWofb]z @)^@Ú @)^@ ;fn c;f]h @# ut] hf/L eof] . d'n's bz}+sf\] /demddf 8'a]sf] a]nf hf/L ul/Psf] pQm cWofb]znfO{ nfndf]x/ ;b/ ul/c;f]h #! ut] ;f]daf/sf lbg uf]vf{kqdf k|sflzt eof] . pQm cWofb]z …g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& sf] k|:tfjgf, wf/f !, #,!!, !@, !#,!$, !^, !&, !*,@@, @% -!_, -@_, -#_, -$_ / wf/f &@ sf] k|fjwfg / efjgf ljkl/t tyf pNN]flvt wf/fx¿;Fu k|ToIf aflemg] u/L nfndf]x/ ;b/ ePsf]Ú sfg'gljb\x?sf] lhls/ 5 . pQm cWofb]zn] /]l8of] P]g @)!$, /fli6"o ;dfrf/ ;ldlt P]g @)!(, 5fkfvfgf / k|sfzg ;DaGwL P]g @)$*, k|]; sfplG;n P]g @)$*, /fli6"o k|;f/0f P]g @)$(, ufnL / a]OHftL P]g @)!^ nfO{ ;+zf]wg u/]sf] 5 . h;cg';f/ /]l8of] P]g @)!$ sf] …b"/ ;~rf/ P]g @)%# adf]lhd b"/ ;~rf/ ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ cg'dltkq k|fKt JolQm jf To:tf] JolQm dfkm{t b"/ ;~rf/ ;]jf ;DaGwL /]l8of] oGq /fVg agfpg jf k|of]u ug{sf] nflu o; P]g adf]lhd nfO;]G; lng' kg]{ 5}gÚ afSof+znfO{ ;+zf]wg u/L æt/ b"/ ;~rf/ P]g, @)%# adf]lhd b"/ ;~rf/ ;]jf ;~rfn gug{, cg'dltkq k|fKt JolQm jf To:tf] JolQm dfkm{t b"/ ;~rf/ ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ cg'dlt k|fKt JolQm jf To:tf] JolQm dfkm{t b"/ ;~rf/ ;]jf pkof]u ug]{ u|fxsn] jf /fli6"o k|zf/0f P]g, @)$( adf]lhd :f]6nfO6, s]a'n jf cGo ;~rf/ dfWodåf/f s'g} sfo{qmdsf] k|zf/0f ug{, lk|mSj]G;L df]8'n];g k|zf/0f k|0ffnL :yfkgf u/L lzIffk|b dgf]/~hgfTds tyf ;"rgfd"ns sfo{qmd k|zf/0f ug{ jf e"-pku|x k|;f/ s]Gb| :yfkgf u/L s'g} sfo{qmd k|sf/0f ug{ Ohfhtkq jf :jLs[lt k|fKt JolQm jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf jf To:tf] JolQm jf ;+:yf dfkm{t ;f] k|zf/0f pkef]u ug]{ u|fxsn] b"/;~rf/ jf k|zf/0f ;DaGwL /]l8of] oGq /fVg, agfpg jf k|of]u ug{sf] nflu o; P]g adf]lhd nfO;]G; lng'kg]{ 5}g .Ú eGg] agfOPsf] 5 . o:t} /fli6"o ;dfrf/ ;ldlt P]g, @)!( sf] …o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg cGo /fli6"o / cGt/f{li6"o ;dfrf/ ;ldltx¿n] >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lnO{ g]kfn clw/fHoleq a;L ;dfrf/ ;+sng ug{ / ljb]zdf k7fpg ;Sg]5g\ .Æ:yflkt ;dfrf/ ;ldltx¿ jf >L % sf] ;/sf/ dfkm{t dfq g]kfn clw/fHoleq cfˆgf] ;dfrf/ laqmL ljt/0f ug{ kfpg]5g\Ú eGg] afSof+znfO{ sf6L …;dfrf/ ;ldltx¿n] >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lnO{ g]kfn clw/fHoleq cfˆgf] ;dfrf/ laqmL ljt/0f ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ . ;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt glnO ljlqm ljt/0f u/]df ;dfrf/ ;+sng jf laqmL ljt/0f u/]df lghnfO{ krf; xhf/ ?lkofFb]lv kfFr nfv ?lkofF;Dd hl/jfgf x'g]5 .Æ eGg] jfSof+z ylkPsf] 5 .o:t} 5fkfvfgf / k|sfzg ;DaGwL P]g, @)$* df ePsf] 5fkfvfgf / k|sfzg ;DaGwL P]g, @)$* bkmf !$ sf] v08 -s_ æ>L % sf] k|lti7fdf cfFr cfpg]Æ eGg] zAbsf] ;§f æ>L % sf /fhkl/jf/sf ;b:ox?sf] k|lti7fdf cfFr cfpg]Ú ylkPsf] 5 / pQm …ck/fwÚ dflgg] sfdn] æcft+ssf/L, cft+sjfb jf ljWj+;fTds ultljlwnfO{ db\t, 6]jf jf k|f]T;fxg k'¥ofpg]Æ ePsfn] ;f]xLadf]lhd sf/jfxL ug{ ;lsg] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . o;}u/L k|]; sfplG;n P]g, @)$* df ePsf] æk6s k6s Joj;flos cfrf/;+lxtf pNn+3g ug]{ kqsf/nfO{ lghn] >L % sf] ;/sf/af6 kfpg] ;x'lnot jf ;'ljwf tf]lsPsf] cjlwe/sf] nflu cf+lzs jf k'/} /f]s nufpg >L % sf] ;/sf/df l;kmfl/; ug]{Ú eGg] jfSof+zdf æk'/} /f]s nufpgÆ eGg] zAb kl5 æjf lghn] kfPsf] k|]; k|ltlglw k|df0fkq jf c:yfoL k|]; k|ltlglw k|df0fkq /2 ug{Æ eGg] zAbx¿ ylkPsf 5g . o:t} /fli6"o k|zf/0f P]g, @)$( df pNn]v ePsf] ælk|mSj]G;L df]8'n];g k|;f/0f k|0ffnLÆ eGgfn] lk|mGj]G;L df]8'n];g k|zf/0f k|ljlw k|of]u u/L k|zf/0f ;+:yfn] /]l8of] jf 6]lnlehg k|ljlwsf nflu tf]lsPsf] Rofgnaf6 ul/Psf] k|zf/0f ;Demg' k5{ eGg] afSof+zaf6 æ6]lnlehgÆ eGg] zAbx¿ lemlsPsf] 5 / Pkm=Pd=n] ;~rfng ug]{ ;dfrf/d"ns sfo{qmds x6fO{ ;"rgfd"ns sfo{qmd ylkPsf] 5 . ;fy} æ;"rgfd"ns sfo{qmd eGgfn], :jf:Yo, lzIff, v]ns"b, hg;+Vof, jftfj/0f, df};d jf ;8s oftfoft h:tf ljsf; lgdf{0f ;DaGwL ljifodf hfgsf/L u/fpg] jf hgr]tgf hufpg] p2]Zon] tof/ ul/Psf] sfo{qmdnfO{ hgfpg]5Æ eGg] ylkPsf] 5 . o:t} ;f] cWofb]zdf Pp6} ;+:yfnfO{ Ps}k6s jf k6sk6s u/L /]l8of], 6]lnlehg / k|sfzg dWo] s'g} b'O{eGbf a9Lsf] Ohfhtkq jf k|df0fkq lbg gkfOg] …olb lbPsf] eP ! jif{ leq s'g} Ohfhtkq jf k|df0fkq k|fKt JolQm jf ;+:yfn] /]l8of], 6]lnlehg jf k|sfzgdWo] s'g} b'O{sf] k|zf/0f jf k|sfzg ug{ 5gf]6 gu/]df jf 5'§} JolQm jf ;+:yf jf Joj:yf gu/]df >L % sf] ;/sf/n] lghn] /]l8of] jf 6]lnlehg k|zf/0f ug{ kfPsf] Ohfhtkq /2 ug]{5Æ eGg] ylkPsf] 5 . To:t} s'g} klg k|zf/0f ;+:yfn] >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] :jLs[ltdf Ps 7fpFaf6 k|zf/0f eO/x]sf] sfo{qmd Ps}k6s cGo 7fpFaf6 k|zf/0f ug{ gkfpg], u/L /fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ k|lts"n c;/ kg]{ ljifosf s'/fx¿, clZnn lsl;dsf ;fdu|Lx¿, ;/sf/nfO{ l;+x;fTds zlQm k|of]u u/L x6fpg] p2]Zosf ;fdu|L, hgdf;gdf c:jefljs eo tyf cft+s k}bf ug]{ ;fdu|L /f]s nufPsf] hgfpFb} pNn]vlt sfd ePdf æbz xhf/b]lv Ps nfv ?lkofF;Dd hl/jfgfÆ eGg] wDsLk"0f{ zAbx¿ /flvPsf] 5 .csf]{ vt/gfs s'/f s] ylkPsf] 5 eg] …a]OHhlt u/]df jf a]OHhlt x'g] s'/f k|zf/0f jf k|sfzg ubf{ s;}n] c? s;}sf] a]OHhlt u/]df lghnfO{ kfFr xhf/ ?lkofFb]lv krf; xhf/ ?lkofF;Dd hl/jfgf jf Ps jif{;Dd s]b jf b'j} ;hfo x'g ;Sg]5 . To:t} plNnlvt s'/f h'g;'s} n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s;}n] c? s;}sf] a]OHhtL x'g] hfG5 eGg] hfg hfgL jf ljZjf; ug'{kg]{ dgfl;j sf/0f eO{ s'g} s'/f ljB'tLo jf cGo cfd ;~rf/sf] dfWodaf6 k|zf/0f jf k|sfzg u/]df lghnfO{ b'O{ hfv ?lkofFb]lv % nfv ?lkofF;Dd hl/jfgf jf ^ dlxgfb]lv @ jif{;Dd s}b jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .Ú
oLnufot ;~rf/ If]qdf cgfZos cf/f]k nufP/ kqsfx?sf] 3fF6L lgdf]7\g] u/L cGo s]xL k|fjwfgx?df of] cWofb]zdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . To;}n] of] cWofb]zsf] k"0f{ cj1f ub}{ k|ltsf/df pqg'eGbf g]kfnL kqsfx?sf nflu csf]{ ljsNk 5}g . g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3nufotsf ( j6f k]zfut ;+u7gx?n] of] cWofb]z vf/]hLsf] dfu ub}{ ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf l/6 xfn]sf lyP eg] dxf;+3n] cbfnt, ;8s / ;~rf/dfWoddfkm{ cfGbf]ng ug]{ 3f]if0ff u/]sf] lyof] . t/, cbfntn] o; k6s ;f] cWofb]z nfu' gug"{ gu/fpg' egL ;/sf/sf gfddf cGt/Ld cfb]z hf/L ug{ c:jLsf/ u¥of] . o;kl5 ca g]kfnL kqsf/x?sf nflu ;8s / ;~rf/dfWoddfkm{tsf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;zQm kfg]{ lhDd]jf/L ylkPsf] 5, oBlk d'2fsf] km};nf eg] ePsf] 5}g . xfdL Pp6f ;Rrf gful/s xf}+ eg] xfd|f] 3fF6L ;'Sof{pg] u/L cfPsf] ;f] cWofb]z xfdLn] s;/L :jLsf/ ug{ u5f}+ <
oxfF ;jfn kqsf/x?sf] dfq xf]Og, xfdLn] ljjz eP/ r'krfk;Fu ;/sf/n] h] eGof] ToxL dfgf}+nf, xfdL /]l8of]af6 t/sf/L / df};df;DaGwL ;"rgf dfq ahfpFnf, kqklqsfdf ;a}nfO{ …lji0f' eujfgÚ eg]/ u'gufg ufpFnf t/ Tof] xfd|f cfd ;|f]tf / kf7sx?nfO{ :jLsfo{ 5 ls 5}g < b]z o'4sf] cfuf]df blGs/x]sf] 5 . g]kfn ljZjsf] bf];|f] u/Lj d'n'ssf] ;"rLaf6 klxnf]lt/ ;b}{ 5 / cfGtl/s /fhgLlts ;+st r/dr'nLdf 5 of] cj:ydf s] xfdLn] /fhgLlts ;dfrf/ /]l8of]af6 k|;f/0f gu/]/ ;d:ofn] lgsf; kfpF5 < xfdLn] kqklqsfdf ;+s6 lgsf;af/] :jtGq?kdf /fhgLlts ljrf/ k|jfx u/gf}+ eg] ;+s6n] lgsf; kfpF5 < kSs} klg kfpFb}g . o;n] s]jn d'n'snfO{ cGwsf/df ws]Ng]jfx]s c? s]xL klg ub}{g . To;}n] of] cWofb]zsf] cj1f / k|ltsf/ ug'{sf] ljsNk 5}g . klxn] xfdL ;Dk"0f{ kqsfx?n] of] cWofb]zsf] cj1f u5f}+ To;kl5 cfd kf7s / ;|f]tfx? xfdL;Fu} k|ltsf/df h'6\g'kg]{5 . xfdLn] o'uf}+b]lvsf] bf;tfsf] ;fªnf] r'8fNg] ;;d vfO/x]sf] a]nf xfdLdfly cfPsf PssfO;f}+ ztfJbLdf cfPsf] …cfw'lgs ;fªnfÚ x? s'g} klg xfntdf :jLsfo{ x'g} ;Sb}gg\ . t;y{ of] sfnf] cWofb]zsf] cj1f / k|ltsf/sf] ljsNk 5}g .
naruk_ruk@yahoo.com

>L !) dxf/fhsf] h'gfkmdf ljlGt kq

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xªsª gf]e]Da/ !@, @))%

>L !) dxf/fhsf] h'gfkmdf d dxf/fheQm k|hf >L ! lji0f'eQm of] ;fgf] lgj]bg r9fO/x]sf] 5' . ;a{k|ydt dxf/fhsf] ho ho ho, slxNo} k/fho gxf];\ . dxf/fh cfZro{df kl/jS:of] xf]nf, of] eQmn] lsg >L !) eg]/ ;Daf]wg u/\of] . x'g t clxn] oL c1fgL pQfpnf hgtf egfpbfx? dxf/fhnfO{ >L % eGg klg lxlRsrfO/x]sf 5g\ . o:tf] a]nfdf xfdL h:tf eQmx?n] dxf/fhsf] ;Ddfg a9fpg s'g} klg s;/ afFsL /fVg' x'Gg eGg] nfu]/ d}n] VjfdLtsf] ;Ddfgdf csf]{ >L % yk]/ >L !) n] ;Daf]wg u/]sf] x'F . o;sf] nflu xfdL;Fu ;j{dfGo cfwf/ 5 . VjfdLt, Tof] s] eg], >L % t dxf/fh hGdb} xf]OaS;GYof] gL, ca t :juL{o dfxf/fhsf] >Lk]h / ;j{:j;lxt >L % dxf/fhflw/fh klg t VjfdLtsf] ufydf ;fl/jS:of 5 . ca dxf/fh g} x's'd xf]OaS:of];\ t, cfk\mgf] hGdl;å >L % / ufydf ;fl/aS;]sf] >L % hf]8\bf >L !) ePg t < a? ca dxf/fh :jo+n] 3f]if0ff ul/jS;g' k5{ >L !) sf] . gfy] kfªb'/] g]tf / hgtf egfpbfx?n] gdfg]/ x'G5 < xfdL oqf] k|hf hf] 5f}+ VjfdLtsf] ;dy{gdf nfdaå . oL hLh'afsf kfnfb]lvsf /}tL cfhsf hgtf egfpbfx?n] t !* nfO{ g} sxfF dfg]sf lyP /, !( nfO{ t emg k6Ss} dfg]sf lyPgg\ . t/ dxf/fhsf] k|tfkn] cfh;Dd, ;fd, bfd, b08, e]b h] h] nufP/ x'G5 dgfOaS:of 5 . To;/L g} dfGg afWo kfg{' k5{, >L !) klg .
cfh of] lji0f'eQmn] dxf/fhsf] h'gfkmdf r9fpg vf]h]sf] d"Vo lgj]bg rfxL+ r'gfj xf] dxf/fh . VjfdLtn] gu/kflnsfsf] r'gfjsf] ltly 3f]if0ff ul/jS;]sf] nut} a8f bz}+sf] z'e;fOt h'/fO{ oL cfGbf]ngsf/L egfpFbfx? bz}+ ltxf/df cndlnP/ ;8saf6 klG5Psf] df}sf kf/L, xfd|f] o'j/fhsf] 3f]if0ff ul/aS;]h:t} r'gfjsf] klg 3f]if0ff ul/aS:of] . o;n] xfdL dxf/fhsf k|hfx?nfO{ a8f] xif{ ljef]/ agfPsf] 5 . t/ VjfdLt, ;Fu;Fu} o;n] xfdLnfO{ kfg{ cK7]/f]df klg kf/]sf] 5 . VjfdLt, gu/kflnsfsf] r'gfj;Dd t s]xL 5}g, s;}n] dfg] klg gdfg] klg, nf7L d'+u|L nufP/ eP klg ;DkGg u/fpFnf . lsg ls cfhsf] ldlt;Dd t gu/x?df xfd|f] g} /fh rln/x]sf] 5 . t/ g]kfn t, ufpF g} ufpFaLr gu/ x/fPsf] b]z xf] . ca, cfd r'gfjsf] nflu t ufpF gl5/L w/ 5}g . t/ dxf/fhnfO{ klg e/df/ cjut 5, ToxfF t xfd|f] x}g cs}{ dxf/fhsf] Ps5q /fh 5 . ef]ln ToxfF l5g'{, cl:t dxf/fhsf] k}bn ofqfx?df xft]dfnf] ub}{, gfRb} ufp+b}, ePe/sf] a"9f vf8f / cfOdfO{ s]6fs]6L e]nf u/fP/ cjL/ hfqf u/fPh:tf] ;lhnf] / :jflbnf] 5}g VjfdLt . ca ToxfF dh:tf] dxf/fhsf] eQm, lji0f'eQmx?n] PSn} hfg' eg]sf] ;/f;/ sfnsf] d'vdf k:g' a/fa/ xf] . 3/af6 lx+8\g' cufl8 cfk\mg} xftn] cfk\mgf] s'zsf] nfz agfO/fv]/ ToxfF k'Ug] lbgsf] lx;fa u/L of] lbg ltdLx?n] d]/f] of] s'zsf] nfz hnfP/ b'Mv afg{' eg]/ 3/sf] n]gb]g ;a} atfO/fv]/ lx+8\g'kg]{ x'G5 . Pp6f ;lhnf] af6f,] of] kf6L{ gfdsf] k'Tn] kf+u|]x?nfO{ 9fn agfO{ b'Mv ;'v hfg ;lsg] ;Defjgf lyof] . ltgLx? klg ?i6 e} ca r'gfj alxisf/sf] t/jf/ af]s]/ pN6f] uf}+8f uf}+8fdf xfdLnfO{ g} 9's]/ a;]sf 5g\ . hf] hfFb}5g\ xfd|f gj kf6L{x?, pgLx?sf] cg'xf/ b]Vg' t s] gfd;Dd ;'g]sf 5}gg\ clwsf+z ufpFn]x?n] . eg], dxf/fhn] of] avt cfdr'gfjsf] 3f]if0ff ul/aS;]/ a8f] lanvaGbdf kfl/aS:of], dxf/fh :jo+nfO{ clg xfdL eQmx?nfO{ klg .
r'gfj u/fpFg g;Sbfsf] lgx'df c;Ifd 7x/L b]pjf uP . ;Ifd / :jR5 5ljsf rGb cfP clg uP . Tof]eGbf :jR5 / ;Ifd yfkf sfhL cfP / uP . b]pjf k]ml/ 7'nf] s;/taf6 ;Ifd e} k'gM kvflnP/ :jR5 5lj agfO{ cfP / sfnf] af]sf] kRg gkfO{ k]ml/ c;Ifd / c:jR5 7xl/P/ ljbf kfP . oL ;a h] h] eP, dxf/fhsf] lgufxaf6 eP . cGTodf dxf/fhn] cfk"m afx]s :jR5 / ;Ifd sf]xL afFsL g/x]sf] 7x/ ul/aS;Gb} slyt ds/tGq elgg] df3 !( NofO{ dxf/fh g} ;/sf/ k|d'v /lxaS:of] . ca b]zdf >L % klg / >L % sf] ;/sf/ klg :jo+ dxf/fh g} xf]OaS;G5 . of] avt, b}jsf] sfgdf gk/f]; t/ sy+ sbflrt r'gfj ;DkGg x'g g;s] / e}xfn] klg g]kfns} Oltxf;df k|yd k6s cToGt Go"g afx|, kGw| k|ltzt dt dfq} v:of] eg] VjfdLtsf] ufydf sqf] 3ft xf]nf Û /fd /fd /fd VjfdLt, 7'nf] clgi6 x'G5 . oqf] hf]lvd df]n]/ of] ;j{q lj/f]w e}/x]sf] cfdr'gfj gfdsf] r'gfj u/fpg' eGbf a? dxf/fhn] cem cu|ufdL kfOnf rflnaS;L ca b]zdf Pp6f cs}{ r'gfjsf] 3f]if0ff ul/alS;of];\ VjfdLt . h;n] g]kfnaf6 of] u0ftGq egfpbf] ;fx}| uGxfpg] gfd ;bfsf] nflu 6's'rfdf nu]/ kmflnlbj;\ . /, xfd|f] /fhtGqnfO{ ;bf kmnfj;\ k'mnfj;\ . Tof] r'gfjsf] gfd xf] VjfdLt, /fhtGq / u0ftGq . of] gfdsf] r'gfjdf h+unsf] dxf/fhb]lv b]z ljb]zsf sfnf, uf]/f ;a} ;xdt x'g]5g\ . dxf/fhn] w'Sr's gdfgL aS;] x'G5 . xfdL dxf/fhsf eQmx? Hofg lbP/ /fhtGqsf] nflu n8\g] 5f}+ . /fhtGqsf] hLt lglZrt 5 . VjfdLtsf] ;]jfdf sf] 5}g < afa' dxf/fhs} kfnfdf chf{lkPsf bfh' dxf/fhsf] kfnfdf ;fFb nufOPsfx? clg clxn] zfx j+zs} Oltxf;d} gofF sLlt{dfg sfod ul/aS;]sf] dxf/fhs} kfnfdf ltvfl/Psfx? VjfdLtsf nflu ;b}j ;dlk{t 5g\ . dxf/fhsf] k"j{klZrd e|d0fdf ho hosf/ ug]{ t]qf k|hfx? 5g\ . en} tL a[4f, afnf g} ;xL clxn] t?0fx? t b]zdf sxfF 5g\ / VjfdLt . ;a kb]{z . hlt 5g\ tL ls h+undf 5g\ ls dxf/fhs} Jof/]sdf . eg] afFsL /x]sf a"9fkfsf cfOdfO{ s]6fs]6L g} t x'g\ . oL ;a dxf/fhs} hLh'afsf kfnfb]lvsf /}tL x'g\ . o;df z+sf gu/L alS;of];\ . dfG5] e'6\g ;Sg]b]lv ;j{:j n''6\g ;Sg] ;a} VjfdLt;Fu 5g\ eg] tL u0ftGq eg]/ af:g]x?;Fu sf] 5 < /, s] 5 / VjfdLt < v'k} 5 eg] sf] lg s] s] gfd u/]]sf] jfb eggfpbf] lstfasf] vf]i6f] 5 . ToxL+ vf]i6f] RoffkL 3/jf/ lal;{P/ lx8]sf hf]uLh:tf bfx|L h'+uf kfn]sf vf]k8Lleq ;dfgtfsf] ;kgf af]sL lx8\g] b'O{ rf/ hgf g]tf 5g\ . vfnL k]6n] lvOPsf, e'mqf] emfd|f]n] 6flnPsf d/gRof;], Vofp6]x? ef]ln st} k]6e/ vfg kfOG5 ls, gkmf6]sf] Ps;/f] st} nfpg kfOG5 ls eg]/ s'ln{g] PSsfOzf}+ ztfAbLsf hgtf xF' egfpbfx? t 5g\ lg . VjfdLt s'g} klg s'/fdf logLx?eGbf sdhf]/ xf]Oa\S;Gg . To;}n] oxL+ df}sfdf of] k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf] g]kfndf ;bfsf] nflu /fhtGq :yflkt ug{ ckl/xfo{ ePsf]n] cfdr'gfjsf] 3f]if0ffnfO{ lkmtf{ lnO{ /fhtGq / u0ftGqsf] r'gfjsf] 3f]if0ff ul/alS;of];\ . cfu] dxf/fhsf] hf] lgufx .

bn / dfcf]jfbL jftf{ M cu|ufdL lgsf;sf nflu dxTjk"0f{ sbd

g/]Gb| s]=;L=
gf]e]Da/ !), @))%

g]kfnsf] /fhgLlt olta]nf Oltxf;s} ;jf{lws ;Dj]bgzLn df]8df k'u]sf] 5 . of] ;Dj]bgzLntfsf] ue{leq ;Defjgfsf] e|'0f klg lj:tf/} tof/ eO/x]sf] cfefif ;a}lt/ eO/x]5 . Tof] e|'0fn] ;Gtfgsf] ?kdf o; wtL{df hGd ln+bfsf] k|;j kL8f zfob xfd|f] sNkgfeGbf klg w]/} hf]lvdk"0f{ x'g]5 . t/ hf]lvd / alnbfg ljgfsf] pknlJw Tolt e/kbf]{ gx'Fbf] /x]5 eGg] xfdLn] b]lv;Sof}+ . of] sfnv08sf] c;kmntfaf6 kf7 l;s]/ gofF Oltxf;sf] z'?jft ug{ ca Ps rf]l6 ;'j{0f cj;/ g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ k|fKt ePsf] 5 .
g]kfnL hgtfaLr /x]sf] Psvfn] b/f/nfO{ df3 !( n] k'l/lbPkl5 lgl:kmqmLsf ;fy gofF cleofgdf h'6\g ;a} hgkIfLo zlQmx?nfO{ df}sf k|fKt ePsf] 5 . /fhgLlts j[Qdf nfdf] ;dob]lv hf/L /fhgLlts 5'jf5'tsf] cj:yf x6]/ uPsf] 5 . sf+u|];b]lv sDo'lgi6 t;{g] / sDo'lgi6b]lv sf+u|]; t;{g] cj:yfaf6 cfh xfdL lg/+s'ztGqsf lj?4 ;femf k|xf/ ug{ Psh'6 ePsf 5f}+, of] g} g]kfnL /fhgLltdf b]vf k/]sf] Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ pknlJw xf] .
sf+u|];, Pdfn] / hgdf]rf{ h:tf j}wflgs kf6L{ dfq xf]Og, ;+ljwfgtM cj}wflgs 3f]lift dfcf]jfbL zlQm klg olta]nf gofF wf/ ks8]/ g]kfnL /fhgLlts ;+ud~rdf k|j]z ul//x]sf] 5 eg] p;nfO{ x]g]{ cfd b[li6sf]0fdf klg lgs} km]/abn eO/x]sf] 5 . oL ;a} ultljlw gofF g]kfn lgdf{0fsf nflu s]lGb|t ePsfn] klg o;nfO{ dxTjsf ;fy x]l/g' c:jfefljs xf]Og . o;nfO{ klg pknlJwsf] ?kdf lng'kg]{ x'G5 .
csf]{ ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ / P]ltxfl;s pknlJwsf] ?kdf bn-dfcf]jfbL jftf{nfO{ lng'kg]{ x'G5 . em08} Ps ztfJbLotfsf] ljZj /fhgLltnfO{ lgofNg] xf] eg] o;nfO{ ljZjs} gd"gfsf] ?kdf lng ;lsG5 . Ps b'O{ 7fpFsf] c;kmn k|of;afx]s cGoq st} o:tf] k|of; ePsf] kfOFb}g, hf] k|lqmof clxn] g]kfndf cl3 al9/x]sf] 5 . /fHolj?4 nl8/x]sf] ;z:q ljb|f]xL / ;Qf aflx/ a;]sf] zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ng/t k|ltkIf zlQmaLrsf] jftf{ g]kfndf ;kmn eof] eg] of] PSsfO;f}+ ztfJbLsf] gofF k|of]u x'g]5 . lsgls /fHo / ljb|f]xLaLrsf] jftf{eGbf of] lgs} c;fdfGo s'/f xf], h'g zlQmx?aLr /0fg}lts geP klg sfo{g}lts?kdf :jefjtM sfo{ut Pstf eO/x]sf] x'G5 . clxn] dfcf]jfbL / bnx?aLr 3f]lift sfo{ut Pstf geP klg c3f]lift?kdf sfo{ut Pstf ePsf] 5}g eGg' g]kfnsf] kl5Nnf] 36gfqmdnfO{ a'em\g g;s]sf] 7xl/g]5 . o;jLrdf y'k}| c:ki6tfdf klg 5g\ h'g c:ki6tfx? jftf{kl5 ;f]tM xn x'g]5g\ .
clxn];Ddsf] l:ylt x]bf{ dfcf]jfbL / bnx?aLr w]/}k6s jftf{ eO;s]sf] a'‰g ufx|f] 5}g . kl5Nnf] cj:yfdf /f]Nkfdf ePsf] Pdfn]-dfcf]jfbL aLrsf] pRr:t/Lo jftf{ / ;xdltkl5 cf}krfl/s jftf{sf] 9f]sf v'n]sf] / To;}sf] lg/Gt/tfsf] ?kdf ef/tdf x'g] ;ft bn-dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] jftf{nfO{ x]g{ ;lsG5 . clxn];Dd ePsf ;a} jftf{ / ltgsf ;xdltx?nfO{ hg;dIf NofOPsf] 5}g . o;df k|fljlws sl7gfOx? t cjZo klg xf]nfg\ t/ of] PSsfO;f}+ ztfJbLsf] ;"rgfsf] o'udf ;a} lrhx?nfO{ /x:odo agfO/fVg'k5{ eGg] s]xL 5}g . jftf{sf] :yfg, ldltnufotsf k|fljlws s'/fx? uf]Ko /fv] klg jftf{sf Ph]08f / ;xdltx?nfO{ hg;dIf NofP/ Jofks cGtlqm{ofdfkm{t cg'df]bg u/fpg' pko'Qm b]lvG5 . km]l/ /x:odo agfpg g} lsg k¥of] /, ha hgtfs} lglDt ;ayf]s eO/x]sf] 5 . ;ft bn /fli6"o, cGt/f{li6"o If]qaf6 ;dy{g k|fKt j}wflgs zlQm x'g] eg] dfcf]jfbLn] klg d'n'ssf] 7"nf] e"-efudf v'ndv'nf ultljlw ul//x]sf 5g\ . b'a} zlQm hgtfdf cfwfl/t /x]sfn] klg xfdLx? of] ljifodf 5nkmn ub}{5f}+ / of] ljifodf ;xdlt eof] eg]/ hgtfdfem k'¥ofpFbf gf]S;fg x'g] b]lvGg .
o;} d];f]df cd]l/sfn] bn-dfcf]jfbL jftf{nfO{ k|lts"n c;/ ug]{ u/L Pp6f lj1lKt hf/L u¥of] . cd]l/sfsf] lghL :jfy{sf cnfjf bn / dfcf]jfbLsf /x:odo ultljlwsf sf/0f klg p;n] cfz+sf hfx]/ u/]sf] x'g ;S5 . o;df bnx?sf] g} sdhf]/L 5 lsgls pgLx?n] cem};Dd afXo ;d'bfonfO{ cfk\mgf] wf/0ff :ki6 kf/]sf /x]g5g\ . cd]l/sL lj1lKtkl5 s]xL :ki6 kfg]{ k|of; ul/of] To;nfO{ ;sf/fTds dfGg'k5{ g} t/ bnx?n] s"6gLlts nlj / ;LdfnfO{ cem} lj:tf/ ug'{kg]{ dx;'; u/fOlbPsf] 5 o; 36gfn] .
bnx?df cem} afFsL /x]sf] ;Qfk|ltsf] ?Gr] df]x / dfcf]jfbLdf /x]sf] aGb'sk|ltsf] cf:yfnfO{ gofF k|sf/n] kl/eflift gubf{;Dd jftf{sf ;xdlt sfof{Gjog ug{ cln cK7\of/f] kg{ ;S5 . /fHo ;~rfng u/]/ a;]sf] ;/sf/nfO{ jftf{sf a]nf 3'Sof{pg hlt dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;lhnf] x'G5, cfGbf]ng/t bnx?;Fu jftf{ ubf{ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ Tolt g} ufx|f] x'g]5, lsgls pgLx?n] ;+o'Qm df]rf{ lgdf{0fsf nflu w]/} s'/fsf] Tofu ug'{kg]{ 5 . /fHo;Fusf] jftf{ c;kmn eP o'4df kms{g dfcf]jfbLsf nflu hlt dfu{ k|z:t x'G5, o'4s} aLrdf k|ltkIf;Fusf] jftf{ c;kmn eP kms{g] dfu{ klg Tolt g} v'Drg]5 . To:t} /fHosf] k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf cf}krfl/s lgefpg ljb|fxL;Fu jftf{df a:g bnx?nfO{ hlt ;/n lyof], clxn] hgtfsf] k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf ljb|f]xL;Fu o'4df]rf{df jftf{ ug{ Tolt hl6n 5 . /fHon] cft+ssf/L eGbfeGb} dfcf]jfbLnfO{ /fhgLlts zlQmsf] ?kdf :jLsf/ u/]/ jftf{df a:g bnx?nfO{ hlt ;lhnf] xf]nf, ef]ln dfcf]jfbL;Fusf 7f]; ;xdlt hgtfaLr ;fj{hlg ug{ / ljZj ;d'bfonfO{ dfcf]jfbL cft+ssf/L xf]Ogg\ eg]/ cfZjf; kfg{ Tolt ufx|f] x'g]5 .
t/ klg ;fFrf] /fhgLlt ToxfF x'G5 hxfF hgtfsf] rfxgf / dfusf cufl8 kf6L{, g]tf, sfo{stf{sf] hLjg / eljio uf}0f x'G5 . xfd|f] g]t[Tjju{ klg hgtfsf] rfxgfnfO{ k|wfg 7fg]/ cl3 a9\of] eg] oL ;a} r'gf}tLnfO{ ;Defjgfn] lhTg]5g\ . ef]ln ;fdGtLtGq lj/f]wL zlQmx?sf] ;xdltdf b]zn] c9fO;o jif{b]lvsf] pTkL8gaf6 d'lQm kf¥of] eg] of] sfnv08 g]kfnL /fhgLlts Oltxf;sf] :j0f{sfn x'g]5 . Tolta]nf ;z:q ljb|f]xL / zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ngsf/L zlQmaLrsf] jftf{ PSsfO;f}+ ztfJbLdf gofF k|of]u dfq xf]Og :jo+ g]kfnL hgtfsf nflu klg P]ltxfl;s ;fljt x'g]5 .
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k|s[ltn] dfgj ;d'bfonfO{ ckf/ >f]tx? lbPsf] 5 . To;sf] ;lx pkof]u / kl/rfng x'g g;Sg' jf ug{ g;Sg'sf k5fl8 xfd|f cfkm\g} sdhf]/L 5g\ . h;n] xfdLnf{ rfxFbf rfxFb} klg cufl8 a9\g lbO/x]sf] 5}g . xfd|f] ljsf;sf] afws tTj g} xfd|f] k'/fgf] /fhg}lts, ;fdflhs, cfly{s tyf ;f+:s[lts kIf xf] h'g tTj xfd|f] g;f g;fdf 3'lnt 5 . h;n] xfdLnfO{ ;w}+ x}/fg agfpb} cfPsf] 5 . hj;Dd xfdL xfd|f] ;dfhdf ljBdfg of] k'/fgf] z}nL tyf kl/kf6LnfO{ gofF z}nL tyf r]tgfn] k'g:yf{lkt ug{ ;Sb}gf} ta;Dd xfdLn] ;f]r]sf] gofF b'lgof hlGdg] 5}g . k'/fg} 9/f{af6 ul/Psf s'g} klg k|of;x? sfdofjL x'g] 5}gg\ .
xfd|f cufl8 dfgj ;Eotfsf] nDa] Oltxf; 5 . lat]sf] ;dodf ;dfhdf 3l6t /fd|f g/fd|f 36gfqmdx?sf] lznlznf g} cfhsf] xfd|f] Oltxf; xf] . Oltxf;sf sdhf]/Lx?nfO{ ;RofpFb} / pknlAwx?nfO{ cfTd ;fy ub}{ lx8\g'sf] cnfjf xfd|f cufl8 csf]{ af6f] 5}g . o'uf}+b]lv xfd|f ;dfhdf ljBdfg :jtGqtf tyf dfgjtf lj/f]wL sfnf sfg'gx?sf] s8f k|lt/f]w gu/L xfdL cufl8 a9\g ;Sb}gf} . xfd|f] Gofo / :jtGqtfsf] nflu cfkm\gf] Hofg lbg] zxLbx?sf] ;Ddfg ug{ xfdLn] klg zxLbx?n] b]vfPsf] jf6f] /f]Hg' kg]{ x'G5 . af6f] sl7g 5 t/ c;+ej eg] 5}g . h;sf nflu xfdLn] lxDdt ug}{ k5{ / cufl8 a9\g} k5{ . ;dfhsf] cg'xf/ km]g{ ;j{ k|yd xfdLn] cfkm"nfO{ ;RofP/ hfg'k5{ . cfkm} leq qmflGt u/L cfkm"nfO hgqmflGtsf] e6\\6Ldf vfb}{ n}hfg'k5{ .
xfdL h'g;'s} cj:yfdf / hxfF /x] klg xfd|f tdfd k|of;x?sf] yfngL Tolx 7fpFaf6 x'G5g\ h'g ;dfhdf xfdL /xFb} cfPsf 5f}+ . To;}n]] xfd|f hLjgsf x/]s k"jf{wf/x?sf] yfngL klg Tolx af6 g} x'G5 . ;dfhsf] ;+/rgf cg';f/ g} xfd|f] hLjg z}nLsf] lgwf{/0f x'g] ub{5 . xfdL AolQmut ?kdf hlt ;DkGg eP klg ;fdflhs ?kdf To;sf] ;f/df s'g} cy{ /xFb}g ha;Dd xfd|f] l;+uf] ;dfh pGgt ,k|ultzLn tyf j}1flgs lbzftkm{ pGd'v x'Fb}g . t;y{ :j:Yo ;fdflhs ;+/rgf ljgfsf] :j:Yo / pGgt kl/jf/sf] kl/sNkgf ;+ej 5}g . olb xfdL ;fRrL s} xfd|f] ;Eo / z';Ln ;dfhsf] kl/sNkgfnfO{ ;fsf/ kfg{ rfxG5f}+ eg], cu|ufdL ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug{ rfxG5f}+ eg] ca o;sf] AofVof dfq u/]/ x'Fb}g ;dfh l;+u}nfO{ abNg] k|of;sf] yfngL u/f}+ hxfF ;f/f dfgj ;d'bfo aLrdf k/Dk/fb]lv rNb} cfPsf tdfd e]befjsf] cGTo xf]cf];\ dfgj d'No ;lxtsf] ps[i6 ;dfh :yfkgf ug{ ;lsof];\ .
afRg'sf] cy{ ef]sf] k]6 eg{'' dfq xf]Og . lhjg lgjf{x ug{ afwf jf bfz eP/ jfRg' klg ;Rrf lhjg xf]Og . cg';f;gsf] gfddf ;fdlGt z}nL cg'z/0f ug'{ klg ;Eotf xf]Og . cfh lju|LO ;s]kl5 lxhsf] ;fv vf]h]/ dfg vf]Hg'sf] s'g} OHot 5}g . jflx/ j8f j8f cfbz{sf efif0f 5fF6]/ 3/df k;]kl5 slr+un ;'? ug'{ s'g} dxf k'?ifsf] nIo0f xf]Og . 7'nf 7'nf o1 s'08 u/]/ sf]lx klg dxfTdf x'g ;Sb}g / cfkm'n] u/]sf lgs[i6 sd{ af6 rf]lvg klg ;Sb}g . dfG5] dfG5]sf] ljrdf pr lgrsf] ;+sf/ ljsf ; u/]/ sf]lx klg dfgjtf jfbL x'g ;Sb}g . h'g ;dfhdf jfn ,j[4 / dlxnfx? dfly ;Ddfg hgs Aofjxf/ ul/b}g TofxfF s'g} dflg; :jfledfgL k"j{s afFRg kfpFb}g . h'g ;dfhdf sfg'g eGbf dfly dfG5] /xg] k|fjwfg 5 ToxfF :jtGq Gofofnosf] s'g} cl:tTj /xFb}g . cfh xfd|f] g]kfnL ;dfh o; lsl;dsf cg]sf}+ ;d:ofx?sf] e'd/Ldf km;]sf] 5 . of] ;fdGt / 7fn'x?n] cfkm\gf] n'6sf] :ju{ arfpg sdhf]/ / lg;xfo dfgj ;d'bfo dfly hjh{:t nflbPsf] sfnf sfg'gx?sf] b:tfj]h xf] . :ki6 ?kdf eGg' kbf{ ;fdlGt /fHo zQfsf gfOs]x?sf] lgufx / cflzjf{baf6 ;+/lIft ;dfhsf 5f]6] ;fdGtx?sf] cf8df ljzfn hgdtsf] OR5fnfO{ jnk"j{s bjfOPsf] of] ;+;f/s} o:tf] lgs[i6 Aofj:yf xf] hxfF hgtfsf tdfd g};uL{s clwsf/x? s'07Lt / ckxl/t ul/Psf] 5 . hxfF h; h;n] cfkm\gf] :jfledfgnfO{ ;f}bfxjfhL u/] pgLx?n] s]jn pgLx?n] dfq k|hftGqsf] dhf lnP . h;n] cfkm\gf] ;fdlGt dflns elQmsf] ehg hf]8 tf]8n] ufpg ;s] ltgLx?n] g} dfgj clwsf/sf] pkef]u u/] . t/ h;n] ;fdlGt lg/ªs'ztfsf] cufl8 cfkm\gf] l;/ em'Sg lbPgg\ Gofo, :jtGqtf / k|hftGqsf] jsfnt u/] ltgLx? dfl/P, ufPj kfl/P jf h]nsf lr;f l;+9Ldf ;8fOP . o:t} 5 cfhsf] xfd|f] g]kfnL ;dfhsf] s6' oyft{yf .
xfdL a:g] u/]sf] e"uf]n rnfodfg 5 . lxhf] of] h:tf] lyof] cfh To:tf] 5}g . ef]nL klg of] cfhsf] cj:yfdf /xg] 5}g . of] a}1flgs ;To xf] . lj1fg g} cfhsf] xfd|f ;fd'sf] ;a} eGbf e/kbf]{ k|df0f xf] h;n] ;f}o{ d08nsf] ultzLntfnfO{ xfd|f ;fd' k|df0f ;lxt k]z u/]sf] 5 . To;}n] of] k[YjLdf s'g} klg lrh lr/ / :yfO{ 5}g / x'g] ;Defjgf klg 5}g . t;y{ xfd|f] ;dfhdf ljBdfg cGt/lj/f]wx? klg nfdf] ;do;Dd /xg] 5}gg\ . o;sf] klg plrt lgsf; x'g' clgjfo{ 5 . xfd|f cufl8 ;d:ofx? dfq 5}gg\ clkt' dxfg ;+efjgfx? klg 5g\ . dfgj ;d'bfon] cfkm\gf] cfj:ostf cg';f/sf] sfg'gL /fHo ;+rfng ug{ 7'nf 7'nf o'4x?sf] cg'ej ul/;s]sf] 5 . cfd hg;d'bfosf] ;+ul7t zlQmn] hglj/f]wL zlQmx?sf] zQf kn6 u/]sf Oltxf;x? xfd|f ;fd' tfh} 5g\ . cfh xfd|f] b]zsf dxfg g]kfnL hg;d'bfox?n] klg ;fdlGt zf]if0f / cTofrf/sf lj?4 gof ;dfh lgdf{0f ug{ ljleGg 9+un] cfGbf]ngnfO{ cufl8 a9fO /x]sf 5g\ . sfnf sfg'gx?sf] lj?4df ;3if{sf] cfFlwj]/L >[hgf ul//x]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL hgtfsf] cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/ k|flKtsf nflu ;+3if/t 5g\ . cfh g]kfnsf] ljzfn u|fld0f If]qx? olx pGgt ;f]r tyf pRr ljrf/sf ;fy cufl8 al9/x]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL hgtfx?n] g]kfnsf] ;fdlGt ;Qfåf/f nflbPsf sfnf sfg'gx?nfO{ ca}w 3f]if0ff ub}{ hgtfsf] ;Qf / hgtfåf/f lgld{t sfg'gnfO{ a}wtf k|bfg u/]sf 5g\ . cfkm"nfO{ cfj:os kg]{ lgod sfg'gx? tyf Gofofnox? :yfkgf ul//x]sf 5g\ . hg;/sf/sf] 3f]if0ff tyf ljsf; sfo{qmdx?sf] of]hgf agfO/x]sf 5g\ . hgtfsf] cfTd lg0f{osf] clwsf/nfO k"0f{ ?kdf k|Tofe"lt u/]sf 5g\ . j}1flgs / cfw'lgs ;dfhsf] lgdf{0fdf cxf]/fq vl6/x]sf 5g\ . cfkm\gf] efUosf] km};nf ug]{ clwsf/ cfkm\g} xftdf lng ;kmn k|of;sf] yfngL ul/;s]sf 5g\ . :jtGq / :jfledfgL ;dfh lgdf{0fsf] dxfg sfo{df vl6/x]sf 5g\ . dfG5]af6 dfG5] dfly ul/g] bdg / zf]iff0fsf :j]t lsNnfx? eTsfpb} dfgjtfjfbL ;dfhsf] lgdf{0fdf h'6L /x]sf 5g\ .
cGtdf, :jtGq / :jfledfgL ;dfhsf] ljsf;af6 dfq ;dfhn] c;n gful/sx? hGdfpg ;S5 . t;y{ xfd|f] g]kfnL ;dfh cfh 7'nf 7'nf r'gf}tLx?nfO{ kf/ ub}}{ dxfg ;+efjgfsf] ;+3f/df k'u]sf] 5 . xfdL ;a}n] xfd|f ;femf ;d:ofx?nfO ueL/tf k'j{s lnO{ AolQmut tyf kfl/jfl/s :jfy{af6 dfly p7]/ ;f]Rg] a]nf cfO;s]sf] 5 . xfdLdf ePsf] r]tgfnfO{ e/k''/ ?kdf nufgL ug]{ a]nf cfPsf] 5 . xfdL ljb]zdf /x]sf :jfledfgL g]kfnLx?sf] ;fgf] dfq kxnn] klg g]kfnL ;dfhsf] cfd"n kl/jt{gsf] lbzfdf 7'nf] of]ubfg k'¥ofpg ;S5 eGg] cfTd ljZjfz lnP/ lx8g'n] s] xfd|f] /fi6", /fli6"otf / g]kfnL hgtfk|ltsf] pQ/bfloTjnfO{ ;+af]wg ub}{g / <Û

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elgG5 ldl8ofsf] w]/} zlQm x'G5 . ;To tYo s'/fx?sf] k|rf/ k|;f/n] dflg;nfO{ w]/} s'/f l;sfO/x]sf] x'G5 . dflg;x?sf] r]tgfnfO{ km/flsnf] agfO{ pgLx?nfO{ ;zSt / ;lqmo agfO/x]sf] x'G5 . ;+rf/n] dflg;x?nfO{ ;"rgf, 1fg, clek|]/0ff tyf dgf]/~hg k|bfg ul//x]sf] x'G5 . cem eGg'kbf{ cfh dflg; ;+rf/ lagf Psl5g a:g ;Sb}g . p;sf] k|f0f g} ;+rf/ ePsf] 5 . o:tf] l:ytLdf ldl8ofaf6 k|jflxt x'g] x/]s s'/fx?n] ;dfhdf k|ToIf k|efj kfl//x]sf x'G5g\ . cfkm\gf] ;fdflhs kl/j]zsf] /fd|f] cWooglagf n}+lus ;+a]bgzLntfk|lt sf]xL ;+rf/sdL{klg u+eL/ aGg ;Sb}g . ef/tLo ;dfh hf] dlxnfx?k|lt cem}klg lgs} ;+sL0f{ 5 ToxfF To:tf] ;dfrf/sf] k|:t'tLz}nLn] lt r]lnx?sf] eljio ef]ln s] xf]nf < w]/} h;f] r]nLx? 3f]K6]d'G6f] nufP/ /f]O/x]sf lyP . To:tf]df ha{h:tL skfn tfGb} ltgLx?nfO{ Sofd/fsf] cufl8 k|:t't ug]{x?n] s;/L pgLx?nfO{ p4f/ u/]+ eGg] < s] ;dfrf/ lbg] cGo s'g} tl/sf 5}g < cjZo 5 . Tof] tl/sfn] lkl8tx?sf] enf] t unf{ t/ ;g;gLk"0f{ agfP/ rlr{t aGg] ;+rf/dfWodsf] s'l6n rfn eg] ;kmn x'g ;Sb}g .
ldl8ofn] s;}nfO{ tfh klx/\ofpg ;S5 eg] s;}sf] tfh vf]:g klg ;S5 . To;}n] xf]nf cfhef]ln x/sf]xL ldl8ofk|lt cfslif{t b]lvG5 . n}+lus d'2fx? p7fpg] qmddf g/fd|f 36gf dfq xf]Og Psfw /fd|f pbfx/0fLo sfd klg ePsf 5g\ . kfls:tfgsf] Ps u|fld0f j:tL dL/jfnf ufpFdf ;fd'lxs anfTsf/sf] lzsf/ ePsL Ps dlxnf d'Vtf/dfO{nfO{ Go"of]s{df k|wfg sfof{no ePsf] Un}d/ klqsfn] Un}d/ j'dg ckm b Oo/ k'/:sf/sf nflu rog u/]sf] 5 . d'Vtf/ dfO{n] bf]ifLx?sf] v'n]/ lj/f]w u/]sf sf/0f pgnfO{ cGt/f{li6"o ldl8ofn] k|fyldstf lbPsf] lyof] . k'/:sf/ cGtu{t dfOn] @) xhf/ cd]l/sL 8n/ k|fKt ug]{ ePsL 5g\ . dfO{n] pSt k'/:sf/ /sdaf6 cfkm\gf] ufpF dL/jfnfdf Pp6f dlxnf s]Gb| :yfkgf ug]{ 3f]if0ff u/]sL 5g\ . o;cl3 klg dfO{sf] ;fx;sf] sb/ ub}{ ljleGg cGt{/fli6"o ;+3;+:yfn] k'/:s[t u/]sf lyP . pSt ;xof]ujf6 pgn] ufpFdf :s"n :yfkgf u/]sL 5g\ . ;dfhdf r]tgf km}nfpg] sfo{df nfu]sL 5g\ pgL clxn] . t/ ;/sf/ pgLk|lt cem} pbf/ 5}g . ;'/Iffsf sf/0f b]vfO pgnfO{ aflx/ b]z hfg /f]s nufpFb} cfPsf] 5 . bf]ifLnfO{ ;fj{hlgs u/]/ pgLx?lj?4 nfUg] pgsf] k|ltj4tf s§/jfbL kfls:tfgL ;d'bfosf nflu ca pbfx/0f ag]sf] 5 . of] ;a} ldl8ofs} s/fdt xf] hf] dfO{nfO{ ;Ddflgt lhjg lhpg k|z:t af6fx? vf]lnlbPsf] 5 . pgsf] ;fx;nfO{ ;fy lbP/ ldl8ofn] l;+uf] dlxnfhutnfO{ ;+3if{/t /xg pTk|]/0ff lbPsf] 5 .
xfd|f] kl/k|]Iodf klg lbgx'F dlxnf d'2fx? ldl8ofx?n] kl:s/x]sf x'G5g\ . ToxfF klg ;+j]bgzLntf eGg] s'/f ;odf Ps g} eGg'kg]{x'G5 . pbfx/0fsf] ?kdf lbOPsf] agf/;sf] 36gfsf] h:tf] k|:t'tL oxfF klg lbgx'F eO/x]sf] 5 . anfTsf/sf 36gf x'g rfx] 3/]n' lxF;fsf n}+lus ;+j]bgzLntfk|lt ;+rf/sdL{x? pbfl;g g} b]lvPsf 5g\ . ;dfhsf] Pp6f ;fgf] OsfO{sf] sdhf]/LnfO{ cfd?kdf k|:t't u/]/ g]kfnL ldl8ofx?n] klg dlxnfx?df ghflgFbf] ul/ cGofo ul//x]5g\ . n}+lus c;dfgtf dlxnfx?sf] dfq ;d:of xf] eGg] e|d km}lnO/x]sf] 5 . Psflt/ dlxnf ;zlQms/0f / n}+lus ;dfgtfsf] s'/f csf]{lt/ dlxnfx?sf] gsf/fTds k|:t'tL Pj+ k/Dk/fut 5ljsf] lrq0f eGbf dfly p7\g g;Sg' t xfd|f] ldl8ofsf] d'Vo ljz]iftf g} ePsf] 5 . To:t} dlxnfnfO{ j:t'df ?kfGt/0f ug]{ lj1fkgsf] lgjf{w k|sfzg÷k|;f/0f u/]/ ldl8ofn] dlxnfx?dfly csf]{ 7"nf] cGofo ul//x]sf] 5 . dlxnfsf] e"ldsfnfO{ lgtfGt ;fF3'/f] / l;ldt x'g] ul/ ul/Psf lo lrq0fn] pgLx?sf] k|ultdf dgf]a}1flgs afwf pTkGg ul//x]sf 5g\ . t/klg ;+rf/dfWoddf oL lrq0fx? ;femf lrGtf / rf;f]sf] ljifo alg/x]sf 5}gg\ . ha;Dd oL ;fd'lxs lrGtf / rf;f]sf ljifo aGb}gg\ ta;Dd o;nfO{ ;+a]bgzLn?kdf lnO+b}g . otftkm{ ;a}sf] Wofg hfg' cfjZos 5 .
laxmi_acharya35@yahoo.com

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s'g} klg /fHo ;'Jojl:yt?kdf ;~rfng ug'{k5{ eGg] dfGotfsf cfwf/df ljlwzf:qLx?n] zlQmsf] k[ysLs/0fsf] cjwf/0ffsf] hGd lbPsf x'g\ . sfo{kflnsf, Gofokflnsf / Joj:yflksfsf] cf-cfk\mg} sfo{ If]q / sfof{lwsf/x? x'G5g\ . k|hftflGqs d'n'sx?df hgk|ltlglwx?åf/f Joj:yflksfsf] lgdf{0f x'G5 / sfo{kflnsf klg pgLx?åf/f g} lgb]{lzt x'G5 . cfkm"nfO{ k|hftflGqs 5' eg]/ k'li6 ug{ vf]Hg] /fhf / ltgsf e/f}6]x?;Fu s'g rflxF pQ/ 5 h;n] g]kfndf ljlwsf] zf;g 5 eg]/ k'li6 u/f];\ . g t Joj:yflksf oxfF 5 g t sfo{kflnsf g} . /fhf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] cWoIf x'g]u/L u7g ePsf] dlGqkl/ifb\ g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& sf] s'g wf/faf6 ag]sf] xf] eGg] k|Zgsf] hjfkm g t /fhf;Fu 5 g t blIf0fkGyL wf/sf dxfg]tf t'n;L lu/Lx?;Fu g} . hgtfnfO{ ;Dk|e' eGg eg] cem} g5f8\g] lu/L / lji6x?sf k|To]s jfSox?df …>L %Ú eGg] zJb cfO/xg'df pgLx? :jo+ bf; dfgl;stfsf] hl~h/df afFlwPsf 5g\ eGg] s'/f hgtfn] a'em]sf 5g\ / pgLx?;Fu hgtfsf] af/]df af]Ng] s'g} clwsf/ 5}g eGg] s'/f klg pbfËf] g} 5 .
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bigyan1981@yahoo.com

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cvjf/ k9] klg gk9] klg pxL va/ cfpF5 o;} eG5g\ ;j{;fwf/0f . ;+s6sflng cj:yf ;dfKt eof] eG5g\ t/ d'n'sdf ;+s6 x6]sf] 5}g . emg emg cj:yf c? hl6n aGb} uPsf] 5 . ;'Nemg] 5fF6sfF6 5}g . jGb'ssf] cfjfhn] dfG5]sf] dlitsdf kf/]sf] k|efjsf af/]df s;n] ;f]Rg] oxL g} Pp6f oIf / u+eL/ k|Zg ag]sf] 5 . ;j{;fwf/0f lagf sf/0f b'O{ jGb'ssf] lgzfgf jGg' k/]sf] 5 . le8Gtdf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] Hofg uof] oxL g} ePs]f 5 cfhsf] tfhf vj/ . d o;nfO{ tfhf vj/ dfGg] kIfdf eg] 5}g . of] vj/ geP/ kL8f xf] . cfz'sf] d'xfg xf] . bb{ / cft{gfb xf] . o;nfO{ vj/n] lgsf] kfg{ ;Sb}g . t/ olt dfq cvjf/n] ;'rgf lbg] sfd u5{ . /fHo nfO{ o;sf] s] k|jfx gt ljb"f]xL kIfnfO{ g} . lsgsL oxf b'O{ jGb'ssf] 6s/fj eO/x]sf] 5 . d'n's / hgtfsf] jf/]df ;f]Rg] km';{b s;}nfO{ 5}g klg . sfnfkfgL hxf ef/tn] sJhf hdfP/ j;]sf] 5 . To;s]f jf/]df lsg ;f]Rb}gg jGb'ssf] n8fO{ n8g]x?n] . jxfb'/Ltfsf] k|bz{g cfkmg} efO-efO{ jLr ug{}n] sfnfkfgLdf uP/ lsg ug{ ;Sb}gg
. of] k|Zg cfh cfd ;j{;fwf/0f g]kfnLx?n] ul//x]sf 5g\ . l5d]sL d'n'sx?sf] ;xof]udf gfddf oxf cl:t/tf c? rsf{P/ cfkmg]f :jfy{ kl/k'lt{ ug}{ lbzfdf cfu8L j9L/x]sf 5g\ . ;fob of] s'/f jGb'ssf] n8fO{ n8g] b'j} kIfn] j'emg ;ls/x]sf 5}gg .
hlt n]v] klg pxL czflGts} s'/f 5 . 4G4s} ;jfn 5 . dfg}{ / dg]{ s]f syf 5 . slxn] xf]nf o;s]f cGTo eGbf eGb} zflGts]f ;+;f/ b]Vg gkfO{ sof} g]kfnLsf] Hofg uO;s]sf] 5 . dg}{ s|ddf s;}s]f jfsL /x]sf] 5}g . km/s olt dfq xf] l9nf] / rf8f]] . t/ oxf t ljgf sfn lbgflbg dg'{ k/]sf] 5 . w]/} ePs]f 5}g lxGb' wd{sf ;d|f6 kl08t gf/fo0f k|;fb kf]v|]nsf] d[To' ePs]f . lsg xTof ul/of] pxfsf] . pxfsf] bf]; s] lyof] . ljBfno, dlGb/ c:ktfn, kf6Lkf}jf jf6f]3f6f] jgfOlbg' / ;dfh;]jfdf cfkmgf] ;do vr{g' pxfsf] bf]if lyof] / < hfteftsf] Vofn gug]{ Ps dfq lj4fg kl08t kfv|]nsf] ljgf s;'/ Hofg lnOof] . pxfn] u/]sf] ;dfh;]jfsf] sb/ ug]{x?n] ;fob pxf]sf] xTof ub}gy]] xf]nf . pxfsf] xTofn] cfh d'n's zf]s df 8'j]sf] 5 . To;/Lg] rnlrq sld{ eujfgbf; >]i7sf] klg xTof ePs]f 5 . kf]v/fdf klxnf] k6s sNkgf l;g]df xnsf] ;~rfng u/]/ l;g]df sf] df]km;ndf s|fLGt g} NofPsf lyP pgn] . sflG5, ;Gtfg, gftf /utsf], dnfO{ dfkm ul/b]p, efOl6sf h:tf ;kmn rnlrq lgdf{0f u/]/ l;g] pwf]usf] ljsf;df k'¥ofpb} cfPs]f of]ubfg nfO{ s;n] lj;{g ;S5 / < t/ b'ef{Uo pxf klg uf]nLsf] lgzfgf g} jGg' k¥of] . o:tf JolStx?sf] xTofs]f >[vnfn] b]znfO{ slt xfgL k'us]f 5 eGg g;lsg] cj:yf 5 .
o;/L g} o:tf >[vnfx? 36b} hfg] xf] eg] d'n'sdf ljb]zLx?sf] rxnv]n c? j9b} hfg] 5 . h;jf6 /fli6"otfsf] ;jfndf k|Zg lrGx v8f x'g] 5 . of] e'ld s]jn lj:tf/jfb / pklgj]zjfbx?s]f nflu k/]8 v]Ng] v'nf d}bfg jGg] 5 . cflv/ jGb'ssf] n8fO{ n8g]x?n] of] rfx]sf 5}gg eg] cj 3/ leqsf] n8fO{ n8g 5f8]/ cfkmgf] e'ldsf] /Iffsf] jf/]df ;f]Rg' k5{ . 3/leqsf] n8fO{ n] s;}sf] ljho lglZrt 5}g . o:tf] n8fO{sf] cGTo slxNo} x'g ;Sb}g . s]jn o;sf] kmfO{bf bf];|f] d'n'snfO{ x'g] 5 . cfd hgtfsf] oxL rfxgf 5 . o'4 xf]Og ldnfk sf] cfjZostf 5 . jGb's xf]Og cj sndsf] vfrf] 5 . d/0f xf]Og hLjg rflxPsf] 5 . hgtfsf] clGtd k'sf/ oxL 5 zflGtsf] kbf{ p3|]nf slxn] . raipurashiva@gmail.com

d"Nolgi7 ;dfh :yfkgfdf ;~rf/sf] e"ldsf

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cfh ;dfhsf] x/]s If]qdf dfgjLo d"No dfGotfsf] x|f; eO/x]sf] 5 . zlQms]Gb|x?sf] l5gfemk6Ldf lt c;+Vo dflg;x? k|ToIf ck|ToIf k|efljt eO/x]sf 5g\ . ;dfh ljsf;sf] qmddf h;} h;} JolQmut ;DklQmsf] z'?jft eof] kl/jf/ / /fHosf] plTklQ;Fu} t]/f] / d]/f]sf] n8fO{+ z'? ePsf] s'/fnfO{ cfh s;}n] klg gsfg{ ;Sb}g . x'g]vfg] / gx'g]aLrsf] ztflAbof}+b]lv rNb} cfPsf] ;+3if{df slyt pkNnf] ju{n] ;+w} tNnf]ju{nfO{ bjfpFb} cfPsf] 5 . zlQm ;+kGg kIfn] clwsf/sf lglDt p7fOPsf lt x/]s ;+3if{x?nfO{ zlQms} cf8df bjfpFb} cfPsf] 5 . wd{sf] gfddf xf];\ cyjf >dljefhgsf] gfddf z'? ePsf] a0ff{>d Aoj:yf xf];\ tL ;a}n] dfG5] dfG5]sf aLrdf c;dfgtfsf] olt ulx/f] vf8n tof/ kf/] h;nfO{ k'g{ cfh;Dd ;lsPsf] 5}g . ljZjsf Psyl/ dflg;x? cfh rGb|df d+un u|xx?df k'lu;s] eg] csf]{yl/ dflg;x? cem} …b}jsf] lnnf dfGb} ltg} u|xx?nfO{ k'h]/ al;/x]sf] cj:yf 5 . o:tf] l:yltdf clxn] a|Dxfs'df/L ljZjljBfno ljZjd} efOrf/fsf] ;Gb]z km}nfpFb} cfWoflTds tl/sfn] zflGt :yfkgfdf h'6]sf] 5 . d"Nolgi7 ;dfhsf] :yfkgfdf ;~rf/sf] e"ldsf vf]lh/x]sf] 5 . cfWoflTds tl/sfn] zflGt :yfkgf x'g ;Snf jf g;Snf o;df 5nkmn / ax; ug]{ w]/} 7fpF 5 . sltko s'/fx?df d klg ;xdt gx'Fnf t/ klg o;k6ssf] dfpG6cfa'df ePsf] cGt{/fli6"o ldl8of ;Dd]ngn] d"Nolgi7 ;dfh :yfkgfdf ;~rf/sf] e"ldsfsf] vf]hL u/]/ pkl:yt x/]s ;+rf/sdL{x?nfO{ ;dfhsf] lhDd]jf/Lk|lt u+eL/ agfPsf]] 5 . cfh d o; n]vdf ;Dd]ngdf a6'n]sf cg'ejx? k:sg] hdsf]{ ub}{5' .
dfpG6 cfa' k|a]z u/]b]lv g} cfTdf k/dfTdfsf 5f]6f5f]6f k|bz{g, k|jrg, leh'cn b[Zox? x]l//Xof}+ . uLtf lbbLn] xfdLnfO{ ufO8 ub}{ cfj' bz{g u/fpg'eof] . uLtf lbbL ;+u} hfg'ePsf hLjgn] xfdLx?nfO{ lbnjf8f h}g dlGb/, gSsL lemn, kf08j ejg, Unf]an xl:k6n, crnu9 dlGb/, kL;kfs{ x'Fb} 1fg;/f]j/ ;Dd lbge/ ;fy lbg'eof] . pxfFx?sf] :jefj Pj+ xfdLx?k|ltsf] lhDd]jf/Laf]w b]v]/ xfdL;a} s[ts[t eof}+ . zfGt jftfj/0f, ;kmf ;'Gb/ xl/ofnL b[Zofjnf]sg, s[lqd tfn, jf:tjd} dg 5'g] vfnsf lyP . nf]e, O{iof{, tgfjb]lv d'Qm ;'Gb/ zfGt ;dfh b]Vbf k|efljt gx'g] sf] kf] xf]nf / < t/ klg cfTdf / k/dfTdfsf s'/fn] eg] k6Ss} dg 5'g ;s]g . cfTdfsf] cg'e"lt t xfdL ;a}nfO{ x'G5 t/ k/dfTdf < k"g{hGd < ef}lts ;+;f/b]lv leGg dfGotf . k6Ss} dg tfGg ;s]g . xfdL a}1flgs tYonfO{ dfG5f} / lt x/]s cnf}lss zlQmk|ltsf] cl:tTjnfO{ gsfg]{ l:yltdf klg 5}gf}+ . lsgeg] lt x/]s cnf}lss k|ltt x'g] lrhx?sf] cl:tTj cnf}lsssf] ?kdf j}1flgs k'li6 gx'Fbf ;Dd dfq xf] . cfh xfdLn] sf/0f yfxfkfO;s]sf w]/} s'/fx? klxn] cnf}lss s} ?kdf lyP ha;Dd ltgLx?sf] a}1flgs k'li6 ePsf] lyPg .
…a}1flgs cfljisf/s} sf/0f rf/}lt/ czflGt a9]sf] 5 . w]/} k|fs[lts s'/fx? gi6 ePsf 5g\ . cf]hg tx 36\g]b]lv jftfj/0f k|b'if0f, ad, af?b, xltof/n] lj1fgsf ;kmntfnfO{ klg t'R5 agfOlbPsf] 5 . x'Fbf x'Fbf dfG5] rGb|df eGbf dfly k'lu;s] t/ zflGt 5}g . ckgTj efj 5}g .Ú ToxfF k|jrgsf qmddf lbOPsf o:tf vfnsf s'/fx?n] ef}lts ;+;f/k|lt w]/}sf] ljt[i0ff a9fOlbPsf] efg x'GYof] . dfly pNn]lvt lt ;a} s'/fx?df ztk|ltzt ;Totf 5 . t/ o;sf] ljsNkdf ;a} pknlJw?nfO{ gh/cGbfh u/]/ k/dfTdfsf] Wofgdf ;a} s'/fsf] ;dfwfg x'G5 eg]/ xfdL slt nfUg ;sf}+nf < cjZo klg ;Sb}gf}+ . t/ xfdLn] ToxfF kfPsf] cGo cd"No ;'emfj tyf dfu{lgb]{zgnfO{ cfkm\gf] sndåf/f k|:t't ug{ ;S5f}+ . xfd|f x/]s l;h{gfx?df To:tf] ;'Gb/ zfGt ;dfhsf] lrq0f x'g ;S5 hxfF dfG5] dfG5] aLrsf] lje]b cGTosf nflu ;+3if{ ug{{ af}l4s cfwf/ tof/ ug{ ;S5f}+ . dflg;sf] r]tgfnfO{ ;zSt agfpFb} lgbfPsfnfO{ hufpFb} hfu]sfnfO{ lxF8fpb} d"Nolgi7 ;dfhsf] uf]/]6f] lgdf{0f ug{ ;S5f}+ . To:tf] d"Nolgi7 ;dfh hxfF s;}n] lj/f;tdf kfPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/]/ s;}nfO{ bjfpg kfpg] 5}g . xfdLx?n] g} agfPsf] Tof] Pp6f lgod hf] xfdL ;a}sf nflu plQs} clgjfo{ x'g]5 . dflg;x? dflg;;+u} zf]lift bldt x'g'kg]{ 5}g . ;a}sf] cl:tTjnfO{ ;a}n] ;Ddfgsf;fy :jLsfg]{ 5g\ . xfdL ;a}df To:tf] b[9 OR5fzlQm, b[9 ;+sNksf] cfjZostf 5 h;n] xfdLnfO{ pSt nIo k|flKtdf nfUg 3R3rfO/xf]; .
xfd|f] kl/k|]Iodf t emg ;~rf/sf] sfFwdf w]/} lhDd]jf/L ylkPsf 5g\ . cfhsf] PSsfO;f}+ ztflJbdf klg /fli6"o lzIffsf] gfddf bf; ;+:s[ltsf] lgdf{0f eO/x]sf] 5 . b'lgofFnfO{ a'em\g} g;lsg] cnf}lss j:t'sf] ?kdf k|:t't u/]/ cfh klg xfd|f gfgLx?sf] r]tgfnfO{ ;fF3'/f] agfpg] k|of; eO/x]sf] 5 . b]zleq x'g]u/]sf unt lqmofsnfkx?nfO{ ;dfhdf k|:t't ug]{ ;~rf/sf] cfFvf / d'v aGb ug]{, snd vf]:g] s's[Tox? eO/x]sf 5g\ . To;}n] cfh xfdL ;a} ;+rf/sdL{x? zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ngdf xf]ldPsf 5f}+ . xfdLn] rfx]sf] d"Nolgi7 ;dfh:yfkgfsf nflu klg of] cfGbf]ngsf] ljsNk 5}g . laxmi_acharya35@yahoo.com

hgtfsf] rfxgf, /fHosf] x7 / o'4la/fdsf] eljio

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dfcf]jfbLn] () lbgsf nflu u/]sf] PstkmL{ o'4lj/fddWo] %# lbg lalt;s]sf] 5 . of] cjlwdf b}lgs dfl/g] dflg;sf] ;+Vof $ af6 em/]/ ;/b/ ! k'u]sf] 5 . zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ cfPsf xfdL g]kfnL hgtfsf] lglDt of] eGbf ;'vb s'/f c? s] x'g ;Snf / < t/ b}lgs dfl/g]sf] ;+Vof ! af6 36fP/ z"Go k'¥ofpg] g]kfnL hgtfsf] rfxgfljkl/t Tof] ;+Vof k'gM a9\g] ;+efjgfn] 3]b}{ cfPsf] 5 . cfˆgf] :ju{sf] n"6 arfpg g]kfnL hgtfsf 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] anL r9fpg rfxg] ;Lldt o'4lkkf;'x?afx]s c? ;a}sf nflu of] b'vb ;+efjgfn] lrlGtt agfPsf] 5 .
ut ebf} !* ut] dfcf]jfbLn] PstkmL{ o'4lj/fd u/]kl5 g]kfnL hgtfdf knfPsf] zflGtk|ltsf] cfzfdf Tolta]nf t'iff/fkt x'g k'Uof] hlta]nf cfkm"nfO{ zflGt / ;'zf;gsf] kof{o 7fGg] zfxL ;/sf/n] dfcf]jfbLsf] o'4lj/fdnfO{ ;sf/fTds9+un] lng'sf] ;f6f] o'4lj/fd e+u ug{ nufpg pQ]lht Pj+ cfqmfds sf/jfxL cl3 a9fof] . ;/sf/n] %# lbgsf] cjlwdf $) hgfsf] xTof ug'{ / em08} @ ;onfO{ lu/ˆtf/ ug'{sf] d"n cfzo klg hlt;Sbf] l56f] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ o'4lj/fd e+u ug{ nufpg' ePsf]df b'O{ dt 5}g . Tolt x'FbfxFb} klg g]kfnL hgtfn] o;kflnsf] bz}+ 9'Sssf ;fy dgfpg kfP eg] ltxf/ klg ;f]xLcg';f/ dgfpg] cfzfdf 5g\ . %# lbgdf o'4lj/fdcl3sf] tYof+ssn] lx;fa ug]{ xf] eg] klg em08} 8]9 ;oeGbf a9L g]kfnLsf] Hofg hf]luPsf] 5 . Pp6f gful/ssf] x}l;otn] dfq ;f]Rg] xf] eg] klg o'4lj/fdsf] of] Pp6f /fd|f] pknlJw xf] .
ptf /fhgLltssf]0faf6 ljZn]if0f ug]{ xf] eg] emg\ dfcf]jfbLsf] o'4lj/fd 3f]if0ffn] Ps r/0f;Dd 7"n} v}nfa}nf dRrfof] eg] zfxL ;/sf/sf ;a} k'/fgf of]hgfx?nfO{ lgsDdf ;fljt u/fof] / p;nfO{ gofF sf]0faf6 cfpg afWo agfof] . ;8ssf ;+;bjfbL bnx?nfO{ klg o'4lj/fdn] /fd|} phf{ k}bf ul/lbPsf] 5 . x:tIf]ksf/L9+uaf6 cfPsf] o'4lj/fdsf] /fhgLlts pknJwLx?sf af/]df Tolt JofVof ul/x/g'kg]{ cfjZostf b]lv+b}g lsgls s] slt pknJwL xfl;n eP tL ;a} Joaxf/df b]lv;s]sf 5g\ . oxfF lrGtfsf] ljifo s] xf] eg] ca o'4lj/fdn] lg/Gt/tf kfpg] ;+efjgf Psbd} 36]/ uPsf] 5 . cfkm"n] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] cjlwdf t dfcf]jfbLn] o'4lj/fd e+u gunf{g\ t/ d+;L/ !* kl5 pgLx?n] o'4lj/fdsf] cjlw ga9fpg] ;+s]t lbO;s]sf 5g\ . /f]Nkfdf dfcf]jfbLsf] zLif{:y g]t[TjnfO{ e]6]/ kms{g'ePsf afdb]j uf}tdn] o'4lj/fd gnlDag] atfpg'n] dfcf]jfbLsf] kl5Nnf] wf/0ff a'em\g ufx|f] 5}g . To;f] t dfcf]jfbLsf] kl5Nnf] a}7ssf] lg0f{o ;fj{hlgs eO;s]sf] 5}g t/ klg w]/} ;+s]t / g]tfx?sf cleJolQm x]bf{ o'4lj/fd e+u gu/] klg gnDAofpg] ;f]+rdf pgLx? k'u]sf] a'lemG5 .
sfo{g}lts?kdf dfcf]jfbLn] zflGtk"0f{ / ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngnfO{ hf]8 lbP klg /0fg}lts?kdf pgLx? ;z:q o'4df 5g\ eGg] s'/fdf s;}nfO{ e|d 5}g . ;+3if{sf] d"n :j?k ;z:q ePsf] / ;+u7gsf] :j?k kmf}hL ePsf] cj:yfdf dfcf]jfbLn] nfdf] ;do;Dd o'4lj/fd u/L /xg;S5g\ eg]/ ljZjf; ug{ ;lsg] 7fpF /xFb}g . pgLx?n] o'4lj/fd ubf{sf] cj:yfdf ;+;bjfbL /fhgLlts bnx? / gful/s ;dfh Pj+ hg;d'bfo;Fusf] ;DaGw ;'wf/ ug]{ s'/fnfO{ dxTj lbPsf lyP eg] o'4lj/fd nuQ} s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] tkm{af6 3f]lift tLg dlxg] sfo{qmdsf] :j?kn] klg ToxL s'/fsf] k'li6 u5{ . dfcf]jfbLn] zflGtk"0f{ sfo{qmdnfO{ k/LIf0fsf] ?kdf klg cl3 ;f/]sf x'g;S5g\ . cflv/ h] eP klg g]kfnL hgtfsf] rfxgf dfcf]jfbLn] u/]sf] o''4lj/fd zflGt :yfkgfsf] kIfdf s]lGb|t lyof] / o;nfO{ nDAofP/ k"0f{ lj/fddf abNg'k5{ eGg] xf] . t/ klg l:yltn] cln a]Un} ?k lnPsf] 5 . o'4 t /fHo / dfcf]jfbLsf aLr eO/x]sf] 5 . of] cj:yfdf /fHon] klg o'4lj/fd u/]/ ;a} zlQmx?nfO{ jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf af]nfpg] xf] jf af]nfPsf] eP dfcf]jfbLnfO{ lgs} 7"nf] bjfj l;h{gf x'g;SYof] jf ;S5 o'4lj/fd nDAofpgsf nflu . t/ /fHon] cfqmfds ultlalwx?nfO{ a9fO/x]sf] 5 . /fHon] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ pQ]lht agfpg] sfd t ul//x]sf] 5 g} t/ klg dfcf]jfbLn] olb ;fFRr} g]kfnL hgtfsf nflu o'4lj/fdsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf x'g\ eg] ;s] o'4lj/fd nDAofpg'k5{ geP cfkm"n] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] cjlwcufj} s'g} klg xfntdf e+u ug'{k5{ .
dfcf]jfbLsf] kl5Nnf] cleJolQm x]bf{ d+;L/ !* eGbf kl5 o'4lj/fd yKg] ;+efjgf 5}g . olb o'4lj/fd nDAofOPg eg] s] x'G5 < Tof] ;a}nfO{ yfxf g} 5 dfG5] dfl/g] :s]ndf lgs} a[l4 x'G5 . dfcf]jfbLn] o'4lj/fd ubf{ kmf}hL b[li6af6 lknL cfqmd0fnfO{ Pp6f cfwf/ agfPsf lyP . lahoL d'8df /x]sf] a]nf o'4la/fd u¥of] eg] k/flht eP/ o'4lj/fd u/]sf] eGg] l6Kk0fLaf6 aRg ;lsG5 eGg] pgLx?sf] Tof] rnfvL x'g;S5 . olta]nf /fHo :jo+n] elg/x]sf] 5 ls dfcf]jfbLn] o'4sf] tof/Lsf nflu o'4la/fd u/]sf x'g\ . olb dfcf]jfbLx?n] o'4lj/fd gnDAofpg] eP eg] pgLx?n] klxn]sf] eGbf n8fO{sf] df]rf{nfO{ km/flsnf] kfg]{df s'g} ;Gb]x 5}g . olb To:tf] eof] eg] s;nfO{ kmfObf x'G5 < o'4nfO{ hf/L /fVg rfx]sf] /fHosf nflu t Tof] kmfObfs} laifo xf]nf t/ zflGtk|]dL g]kfnL hgtftsf] nflu eg] eofgs b'MvbfoL kL8f x'g]5 .
ca o'4la/fdsf] cjlw Ps dlxgfeGbf a9L afFsL 5 . Ps} /ftdf b'O{ ;ohgfsf] Hofg hfg;Sg] g]kfnL e"lddf Ps dlxgf klg rfgr'g] cjlw xf]Og . of] lkl/o8df cfd hg;d'bfonufot ;a} zlQmx?n] /fHonfO{ o'4la/fd ug{ Ps r/0f bjfj lbg] xf] eg] cg's"n l:ylt l;h{gf x'g klg ;S5 . lxhf] xfdL gful/ss} bjfjdf dfcf]jfbLn] o'4lj/fd u/]sf x'g\ ef]ln bjfj a9\b} uof] eg] pgLx?n] o'4lj/fd nDAofpg klg ;S5g\ t/, /fHon] km]l/ klg ;sf/fTds /]:kf]G; u/]g eg] To;sf] :yfloTj ;+ej 5}g . ca xfd|f ;fd' b'O{ ljsNk 5g\- ls o'4lj/fdsf nflu /fHonfO{ bjfj lbP/ lgsf; vf]Hg nfUg] ls klxn]sf] eGbf rsf]{ o'4sf] rk]6fdf /x]/ 56\k6fpg ljjz x'g] . To;}n] klg ;Dk"0f{ hg;d'bfo /fHonfO{ o'4lj/fdsf] lglDt bjfj lbg Psk6s hd]/} nfUg'kg]{ ePsf] 5 .

k/flht /fhfsf] cGw Jojxf/

v]d e08f/L
cS6f]a/ #), @))%

df3 !( sf] sbdn] nf]Kkf vfPkl5 xtf; ag]sf /fhf / pgsf] ;/sf/n] cfTd3ftL tl/sfn] k|ltlqmof JoQm ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . rf/}lt/ lj/f]w / y"-y" ePkl5 /fhtGqsf] cfo" s]xL lbg jf s]xL jif{ a9fpg] w'gdf /fhfn] cQflnFb} emg\ k|To'Tkfbs sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . ;Qfdf hdfPsf] sAhfnfO{ l6Sg] / zf;g ug]{ Psdfq ;|f]t a'em]sf /fhfnfO{ v'§fd'gLsf] cfkm\gf] w/ftn elTs/x]sf] eg] yfxf 5}g . b'O{ rf/ ;o d08n]x?sf] cf8df @#& jif{ k'/fgf] /fhtGqnfO{ sfod /fVg ;lsG5 eGg] e|d af]s]/ /fhf 1fg]Gb|n] /fhtGqnfO{ g} w/fkdf xflnlbPsf 5g\ .
;~rf/ cWofb]z / sflGtk'/ PkmPddflysf] xdnfn]] /fhfsf] k/flht dfgl;stfnfO{ dfq} k|ltljlDat u/]sf] 5 . ;+ljwfg / o'usf] k|lts"n x'g] cWofb]z hf/L u/]/ pgn] b/af/, ef/bf/ / :jo+ /fhf cem} klg b|Jo zfxsflng ;f]r / ;+:sf/af6 d'Qm x'g ;s]sf] 5}gg\ eg]/ k|dfl0ft g} ul/lbPsf 5g\ eg] sflGtk'/ PkmPddfly u'08fubL{sf] z}nLdf ul/Psf] cfqmd0fn] /fhf ca lbgsf] pHofnf]af6 8/fpg yfn]sf 5g\ / dWo/ftdf dfq} hgtf / k|hftGqsf ;'/Iff cfwf/ eTsfpg] …rf]/ /0fgLltÚ cËfNg afWo eO;s]sf 5g\ eGg] k'li6 ul/lbPsf] 5 .
k|];dfly 3fts cfqmd0f ug{ NofOPsf] cWofb]zlj?4 ;+;f/ v8f eOlbPsf] 5 . g]kfnL kqsf/x?n] Tof] cWofb]znfO{ wf]tL nufpFb} /fhf lj?4 emg\ sl;nf] df]rf{ vf]n]sf 5g\ . ;]gf / k|x/Lsf] aGb's b]vfP/ gful/s ;dfh / :jtGq k|];nfO{ Wj:t kfg{ ;lsG5 eGg] …kfunkgÚsf] xb gf£bf klg k|]; g 8/fPsf] 5, g n'6kf6 / u'08fubL{sf] ;/sf/L z}nLn] gful/s ;dfhnfO{ xtf]T;flxt ug{ ;s]sf] 5 . a?, /fhf 1fg]Gb| / pgsf] d08nLk|lt b]ze/ 3[0ff / ljZje/ lt/:sf/ k|jn eO/x]sf] 5 .
sflGtk'/ PkmPddflysf] cfqmd0faf6 g]kfnL hgtfn] Pp6f :ki6 ;Í]t kfPsf] 5 . Tof] xf]- /fhf 1fg]Gb| g]kfnLnfO{ ;';"lrt ePsf] b]Vg rfxGgg\ . pgL g]kfnL hgtfsf efjL k':tfx?nfO{ @)$^ ;fncl3em}+ cFWof/f]df x'sf{pg] jftfj/0f ;[hgf ug]{ s;/t ub}{5g\ . ;~rf/dflysf] cfqmd0f / u}/;/sf/L cfGbf]ngnfO{ lgoGq0f ug]{ /fhfsf gljgtd\ k|of;af6 k|ult / :jtGqtf rfxg] g]kfnL If'Aw x'g k'u]sf 5g\ . bf; dgf]j[lQ ePsf b'O{-rf/ bh{g dfG5]x?sf] …hohosf/Ú ;'g]/ bË k/]sf /fhfn] g]kfnL hgtf alnof x'Fb} uPsf / ;fdGtjfbsf] gfOs] /fhtGq sdhf]/ x'Fb} uPsf] cfef; ;d]t kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ .
k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxn] g]kfnsf] PsLs/0f u/]/ g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ h'g u'g nufPsf 5g\ lglZrt?kdf Tof] ltg{ ;lsb}g . t/, o;sf] cy{ k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf ;Gtfgx?n] h] u/] klg x'G5 eGg] sbfkL xf]Og . /fhf 1fg]Gb|n] g]kfnL hgtfsf] enf] x'g] s'g sfd u/]sf 5g\ / pgn] hf/L ug]{ sfnf] cWofb]znfO{ klg sfg"g dfGg] < oxL k|Zgn] cfh cfd g]kfnLnfO{ ljb|f]xsf nflu pS;fPsf] xf] . d[To'b08 lbg] cWofb]z NofP klg g]kfnL hgtf 8/fP/ df}g a:b}gg\ eGg] ;Gb]z …;~rf/ cWofb]zsf]Ú cj1faf6 :ki6 ePsf] 5 .
l;Ëf] b]zn] nf]stGqsf] gf/f u'~hfodfg ul//x]sf] 5 . ljZj ;d'bfon] /fhf 1fg]Gb|nfO{ blIf0f Pl;ofs} k|ultdf d'Vo afws JolQmsf ?kdf lrlqt ug{ yfn]sf] 5 . /fi6"sf] 9's'6L l/lQb} 5 eGg] s'/f 6f6 klN6g yfn]sf a}+sx?n] kmnfsL/x]sf 5g\ . d'n's c/fhstf / c;kmntfsf] eoÍ/ vfN8f]tkm{ a9\b}5 . t/, /fhf 1fg]Gb| dltof/x?n] pbL{ hf/L u/]/ e]nf ul/Psf slnnf ljBfyL{ / gf/fo0flx6L sf08kl5 ;Qfdf k'u]sf rlr{t /fhfnfO{ x]g{ cfPsfx?sf] eL8 jf:tljs hg;dy{g xf] eg]/ dVv 5g\ . dltof/x?n] /fhfnfO{ Tof] eL8 t b]vfpF5g\ t/ ToxfF hDdf ePsfx? lsg cfPsf x'g < eGg] s'/f a'emfpg vf]Hb}gg\ . cfkm" nf]slk|o ePsf] dgf]ut lgisif{ af]s]/ /fhf of] b]znfO{ yf]q\ofpFb} hyfefjL ul//x]sf 5g\ . pgnfO{ rsf]{ lj/f]wsf aLr w]/} lbg b]z rnfpg ;lsb}g eGg] ;To;Fu lng' lbg' s]xL 5}g . To;}n], t'N;L lu/Lb]lv dx]Gb|dfg Jolyt;Ddsf sf}8L df]n gePsf l;4fGtlxgx?sf] 3]/fdf a;]/ cfTd/tL ul//x]sf 5g\ /fhf . hgzlQm kf6L{ / /fk|kfsf] dgl:ylt, lqmofsnfk / af]nL x]/]/ klg /fhfn] cfkm\gf] cj:yf cg'dfg ug'{kg]{ xf] .
/fhfsf Tjl/t t/ k|ltufdL sbdn] hgtfsf] lg0ff{os cfGbf]ngnfO{ pmhf{ lbO/x]sf] 5 / /fhtGqsf] cfo' 5f]6\ofpFb}5 . ;dfhsf] Pp6f klg cË cWofb]zsf] tf]kaf6 c5'tf] 5}g . x/]s If]qnfO{ Ps ;fy cfqmd0f u/]/ /fhfn] cfkm\gf lj/f]wLx?nfO{ ;lqmo lj/f]wdf Ps} k6s ptfg]{ sfd cfkm}n] ul//x]sf 5g\ . o;af6 s] a'lemG5 eg] /fhf 1fg]Gb|df …/fhgLltÚ dfq xf]Og …s"6gLltÚ, …/0fgLltÚ / …sfo{ gLltÚ ;DaGwL 1fgsf] 7"nf] cefj 5 . a'l4dfgx? d'Vo zq'nfO{ ;dfKt ug{ ;xfos zq'x?;Fu xft ldnfpF5g\ t/ d'v{x? Ps} k6s ;a} zq'x?;Fusf] df]rf{ vf]N5g\ / :jo+ gi6 eOhfG5g\ .
dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ngsf] /fkaf6 t;]{sf /fhfn] hgtfsf ;a} xfFuflaFufnfO{ /fhtGq lj/f]wL b]Vg' g} d'Vo ;d:of xf] . Ps lbg hgtfn] /fhtGq pv]Ng] 5g\ eGg] ;To yfx kfP/ g} xf]nf pgn] …hgtfÚ ;Da4 ePsf] Pp6f If]qnfO{ klg afFsL g/fVg] ;+sNk u/]sf . cWofb]zx?sf] nsf]{ nufP/ ;a}nfO{ :jfxf kfg]{ /fhf 1fg]Gb|sf] gofF t/ ckl/kSj /0fgLltn] klg sfd ug{ ;Sg] ;Defjgf b]lvb}g . k|hftGqsf] ;a}eGbf sdhf]/ :tDedfly k|xf/ ;'? u/]/ qmdzM alnofx?dfly s]lGb|t x'g'kg]{df /fhfn] k|]; h:tf] alnof] :tDedfly cfqmd0f u/]/ cfkm\gf] /0fgLlt lqmoflGjt ug{ z'? u/] . km]/L Ps k6s /fhfsf] gofF /0fgLlt ;'?d} c;kmn ePsf] 5 . ;of}+ ;Dkfbsx?nfO{ y'Gg] / b]ze/Lsf kqklqsf / PkmPd n'6\g ;Sg] ;fx; / Ifdtf /fhf;Fu 5}g a? /fhfsf lj?4 snd rnfpg] pRr dgf]an / ;fx; kqsf/x?;Fu 5 .

b/jf/ /fhgLlts bnx?nfO{ lgsDjf agfpg] z'/df

/fh]Gb| jnL
elh{lgof, cS6f]a/ @#, @))%

rf}w jif{sf] agaf;kl5 /fHo ;~rfng ug{ kmls{Psf /fd, ;Ltf / nId0fsf] syf h:t} g]kfndf klg !% jif{kl5 k"j{ k~r / d08n]x?sf] xftdf 8f8' k'Go' ;'Dkg] sfd 1fg]Gb|n] c;f]htGq / d3 !( sf] zfxL s"af6 ;DkGg ug{ ;kmn ePsf 5g\ .
/fhf jL/]Gb|sf] a+z gfzkl5 cs:dft /fh ;Qf cfkm\gf] xftdf lng k'u]sf 1fg]Gb|sf s[ofsnfkx? /fhf ePsf] z'?sf lbg b]lv g} /f]rstfsf ;fy g]kfnL ;dfhdf x]g{ nfos 5g\ .
/fhf 1fg]Gb|4f/f clxn];Dd /lrPsf if8oGqx? ljrf/ ubf{ pgn] /fhu'? Hof]ltifLx?4f/f ;fOt h'/fP/ ubf{ /x]5g\ . if8oGq ;kmn gxf]nfls egL o;af6 s'g} clgi6 kf] knf{ls eg]/ 1fg]Gb|n] o1, xf]d, d7dlGb/df k"hf cr{gf / bfg sfo{ ub}{ if8oGqsf rfnx?nfO{ cufl8 rfNb} u/]sf b]lvG5g\ .
pbfx/0fsf nflu s]xL /f]rs 36gfx? h:tf] ls bz}+ ltxf/sf] 5'l§sf a]nf o'j/fhsf] 3f]if0ff . @))! sf] /flt ;+;b e+u ug]{ 3f]if0ff, c;f]htGqaf6 z]/axfb'/sf] jvf{:tL / sfo{sf/L clwsf/ cfkm}+ lng] / Ps kl5csf]{ 36gfx? ltg} if8oGqsf c;kmn s8Lx?sf ?kdf x]g{ ;lsG5 .
;+;f/s} lxGb"x?sf] ;d|f6sf] pkfwL xfl;n u/L ;s]sf dxf/fhfn] cfkm\gf] s"l6n /fhg}lts if8oGqsf] ;kmntfsf nflu d';f]sf] anL ;d]t lbg kl5 k/]sf lyPgg\ . t/ /fhfn] lxGb" b]jnfO{ s]sf] anL r9fP sf] lg < t/ /fhfsf] zfxL ;Gb]zsf] lel8of] /]sl8ª x]bf{ k5fl8sf] leQfdf x:tsnf4f/f lgld{t /fhd's'6, /fhb08, s'08nL cflbaf6 s] 5n{ª x'G5 eg] b/jfl/ofsf cf;]kf;] / kl08tx? /ft e/ g;'tL /fhfsf] ;fOt h'/fO{ lbg / if8oGq ;kmn kfg{ nfdf] ;dob]lv sfo{ ul//x]sf /x]5g\ eGg] k'i6L ub{5 .
1fg]Gb|sf] bz{ge]6 kfP/ ld7f] af]nL / cfltYo ;Tsf/ kfP/ /dfPsf /fhgLlts g]tfx? / ljb]zL s"6g}lts lgof]usf dflg;x? /fhfaf6 7"nf] clgi6 / k|hftGq df:g] sfd kSs} klg x'Fb}g eg]/ 9'Ss a;]sf lyP . t/ df3 !( ut] ljxfg bz ah]b]lv ha /fhf /ftf] kL/f] x'Fb} e|i6rf/, ;'zf;g eg]/ s8\lsPsf] 6]lnlehgdf cfkm\g} cfFvfn] b]v] clgdfq 5f+ufaf6 v;]/ oyfy{tfsf] w/ftndf 6]Sg k'u] . ha /fhg}lts kf6L{sf v]tfnf dGqL kb If0f e/d} ;lsP/ aflx/ Psl5g cl3 uf8{ eP/ a;]sf k|x/L / ;]gfn] xts8L nufP/ vf]/lt/ nu] clg yfxf kfP /fhf slt k|hftGqk|]dL /x]5g\ eg]/ .
clxn] df3 !( sf] jif{ufF7 glhlsb}5 . /fhg}lts kf6L{x?n] cfGbf]ngnfO{ cufl8 a9fO/x]sf 5g\ . ax';+Vos 7"nf /fhg}lts kf6L{x?n] cfkm\gf] ljwfgaf6 /fhtGq x6fP/ nf]stGqdf k|j]z ul/;s]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLx?n] PstkmL{ o'4lj/fd u/]sf] klg tLg dlxgf ljTg nflu;s]sf] 5 t/ ;sf/ o'4 lj/fd ug]{ t s] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ o'4d} hfpg eg]/ x/]s xs{t ul//x]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf ;Dk"0f{ /fhg}lts kf6L{x?, gful/s ;dfh / cGt/f{li6|o hutn] dfcf]jfbL o'4 lj/fdsf] :jfut ub}{ /fhfsf] ;/sf/nfO{ klg o'4 lj/fd ub}{ jftf{ ug{ cfXjfg ul//x]sf 5g\ t/ /fhf eg] r/d blIf0fkGyL lg/+s'zx?nfO{ ;fy lnP/ ;]gf / k|x/Lsf] andf lg/+s'z zf;g y'kfg{ afx'nf ;'ls{P/ d}bfgdf plqPsf 5g\ . /fhfsf :jR5 5jLsf dGqLu0f w]/} h;f] /fi6|sf] ;DklQ lxgfldgf ug]{ b]lv lnP/ sfnf]wGbf / t:s/L clg kqsf/nfO{ uf]nL xfGg] wGbfdf ;fd]n dflg;x? 5g\ . o:tf] hl6n /fhg}lts ;+s6df u'lh|/x]sf] cfhsf] g]kfndf s] /fhfaf6 ;Qf /fhg}lts kf6L{x? gful/s ;dfhnfO{ ;'lDkP/ ;Da}wflgs bfo/fdf a:nfg t < ca /fhfsf] csf]{ rfn s] xf]nf < o; ;DaGwL rrf{ ug'{ klg ;fGble{s 7xnf{ .
/fhfsf] csf]{ rfn ca o;/L klg x]g{ ;lsG5, elgG5 r]; v]ndf h;n] 3f]8fnfO{ cufl8 a8fP/ /Iffdf p+7nfO{ k5fl8 kfb}{ dWoefu sAhf ub{5 cGtTjuTjf ljho p;}sf] x'G5 .
/fhf 1fg]Gb|sf] c;f]htGq kl5 pgn] ToxL r];sf] lgodcg';f/ cfkm\gf] /fhg}lts cfwf/:tDe v8f u/]sf 5g\ . h:tf] ls lgo'lQm / ev{/} b]zsf &% /} lhNnfdf lhNnf ;efkltx?sf] lgo'lQm . ca g]kfnL kj{ bz}ltxf/ nuQ} b]zdf gu/kflnsfsf] r'gfjsf] 3f]if0ffaf6 /fhg}lts kf6L{x?df ljefhg / km"6 Nofpg] p2]Zoaf6 k|]l/t 5 . obL /fhg}lts kf6L{x? r'gfjdf efu lng uP eg] b'j} aGb's]x?sf] r]k'jfdf pgLx?sf sfo{stf{ kg]{5g\ . nf]stGqjfbL gf/fdf lx8\g]x? ;/sf/sf] lzsf/df kg]{ kSsf 5 eg] dfcf]jfbLx? lg/+s'z ;Qfsf] cfo' nDJofpg] tTjx? eGb} pgLx?sf] ;]gfsf ckx/0fsf] lzsf/ aGg] ;Defjgf /xg]5 .
oxL kl/l:yltsf] kmfObf p7fpg] ;'/df 5g\ /fhf 1fg]Gb| . /fhg}lts kf6L{x?n] r'gfj alx:sf/ u?g\ / cfGbf]ngdf plqpg\ clg g]tfx?nfO{ y'g]/ dfcf]jfbL;Fu PSn} o'2 ug{ ;lhnf] kg]{5 .
dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ ;+;f/sf] s'g} klg /fi6|af6 ;xof]u 5}g / pgLx?nfO{ ;}lgsx?sf] k|of]uaf6 sdhf]/ agfP/ cfkm" ljhoL x'g] v]ndf g} /fhf p2t 5g\ / ToxL cleJolQm ;]gfsf k|jQmfaf6 k6s k6s bf]xf]l/Psf 5g\ . ædfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;}lgs ?kn] sdhf]/ kf/]/ jftf{df Nofpg] .Æ t/ o;sf] l7s ljkl/t dfcf]jfbLx? emg dha't x'Fb} uPsf] s'/f ljutsf s]xL 7"nf 7"nf cfqmd0f / d'7e]7af6 ;fljt eO;s]sf 5g\ . cs:dft ;+o'Qm /fi6|;+3sf] dxflwj]zgsf] d'vdf PstkmL{ o'2 lj/fd u/]/ dfcf]jfbLx?n] g]kfnsf] /fhg}lts ;d:ofnfO{ cGt/f{li6|os/0f ub}{ ljb]zL d'n'snfO{ g]kfnsf] ;d:ofdf Wofgfsif{0f ug{ ljhoL ePsf 5g\ eg] ptf /fhf 1fg]Gb| /fi6|klt a'; la|l6; k|wfgdGqL 6f]nL An]o/ nufot w]/} /fi6|sf /fi6|fWoIfn] e]6 g} glbg] ePkl5 cfkm\gf] e|d0f /2 ug{ afWo eP . /fhfnfO{ cfzf lyof] ls df3 !( sf] sbd g]kfndf /fhtGq / k|hftGq /Iffsf] nflu / cft+sjfb;Fu n8\gnfO{ lnPsf] xf] / dnfO{ d2t u/ eG5' eGg] lyof] . t/ o;k6s /fhf g/fd|/L r'Sg afWo eP . /fhfsf egfO{ / u/fO{df k|zfGt dxf;fu/sf] ulx/fO{ ePsf] s'/f cfkm\gf s"6g}lts lgof]u dfkm{t\ yfxf kfO{ /fv]sf cGt/f{li6|o d'n'sx?n] g]kfnsf /fhfnfO{ e]63f6 t s] /flq ef]hdf ;d]t lgdGq0ff gug'{ ;fob of] Oltxf;d} klxnf] k6s lyof] xf]nf .
xfn /fli6|o / cGt/f{li6|o hutaf6 PlSnPsf /fhf ;+;b JoF'tfpg], ;j{bnLo ;/sf/ u7g ug]{ hgtfnfO{ zlQm x:tfGt/0f ug]{ @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] dd{ / efjgfdf sfd unf{g t < /fhfsf dGqLx? eG5g\ æ/fhfkl5 kms{g] 5}gg\ cem cl3 a8L aS;G5 .Æ @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfg /fhfsf] OR5f k"/f ug{sf nflu afwf 5 .Æ
oL egfOaf6 s] s'/fsf] cfefif ldN5 eg] sfo{kflnsf / Joj:yflksfnfO{ k+u' agfPsf] clxn]sf] cj:yfdf Gofokflnsfdfly 7f8f] xdnfdf k|ltufdL tTjx? nflu/x]sf 5g\ .
zfxL ;/sf/ y'Gg], 5]Sg], dfg]{ cfb]z lbG5 . cbfnt xflh/ u/f 5fl8 b] eGg] lg0f{o u5{ . /, ef]ln km]/L /fhg}lts g]tfx?nfO{ y'g5]s u/] cbfnt 5f8\g] cfb]z lbg]5 To;} sf/0f 8f= lu/Lx?nfO{ @)$& sf] ;+ljwfg jfwfsf] ?kdf v8f ePsf] 5 .
csf]{ s'/f b/jf/ dlxgf} cufl8 g} gofF ;+ljwfg tof/ agfP/ df}sf x]/L a;]sf] 5 . ca b/af/sf] v]n eg]sf] r'gfjsf] 3f]if0ff ug]{ / /fhg}lts bnx?n] r'gfj alx:sf/ u/] h'g h'g bn alx:sf/df ;fd]n x'g] 5g\ ltgsf g]tfx?nfO{ y'g]/ csf]{ bdg rqm rnfpg ;/sf/ cfkm\gf] of]hgf agfpFb} 5 . To;}sf] tof/Lsf] k"j{ ;"rgf xf] zfxL ;]gfn] kfFr} ljsf; If]qdf aGbLu[xsf] lgdf{0f ug]{ dfu . ca efjL lbgx?df kf6L{sf lhNnf txb]lv /fli6|o :t/sf rf/ kfFr ;o g]tfx?nfO{ y'Gg] 7fpFsf] lgdf{0f / dfcf]jfbL;Fusf] n8fOFdf kqmfp k/]sfnfO{ klg /fVg] u[xsf] lgdf{0f . hxfF;Dd r'gfjsf] s'/f 5, ;/sf/sf] r'gfj cfof]u eG5 !@& j6f kf6L{x? g]kfndf btf{ 5g\ o;sf] dtna ;ft kf6L{x?n] r'gfjdf efu glnP klg ! ;o !) eGbf a9L kf6L{x?n] r'gfjdf efu lng]5g\ .
xfn r/d blIf0f kGyL tTjx? hf] lg/+s'ztfsf] hfn a'gL /x]sf 5g\ pgLx?sf] ts{ 5 . g]kfndf hgdt;+u|x tfsf ljhoL ePsf] k~rfot Joj:yfdf @$ nfv h'g dt lyP clxn] klg ltgLx?af6 eP u/]sf e|i6rf/, cGofo cTofrf/af6 lg?T;fxL ePsf hgtfx? klg wdfwd /fhfsf ;dy{s g} ePsf 5g\ . To;dfly dfcf]jfbL cft+sjfb lk8Lt ufpFaf6 lgsflnPsf hgtfx? t emg} /fhfjfbL ePsf 5g\ / /fhtGqsf] ljho cjZo x'g5 eGg] sf]/f ts{ / ;kgf b]lv/x]sf 5g\ . clxn] ;8sdf pqb}5g\ eGg] . pgLx? ;8sdf b/jf/s} Ozf/fdf cfpFb}5g\ . obL /fk|kf h:tf kf6L{x? ;8sdf cfP/ rsf]{ ;/sf/ lj/f]wL gf/f nufP/ pq] To;sf] tLg j6f p2]Zo x'g]5 . klxnf] /fhfaf6 ;/sf/df km]/jbn ubf{ ltg} k"j{ k~r hf] cfkm"nfO{ k|hftGqsf] kIfdf o'2 ul//x]sf 5f}+ eGg]nfO{ /f]Hg ;lhnf] agfpg] .
b'O{ ljleGg u'6 pku'6df km'6]sf k"j{ k~rx?sf] kf6L{x?nfO{ 7"nf /fhg}lts kf6L{x? x'g\ eGg] xf}jf /fli6|o tyf cGt/f{li6|o ?kdf krf{/jfhL ug]{ / ltg} kf6L{x?af6 efjL dlGqd08ndf km]/jbndf gofF cg'xf/sf ?kdf k|:t't ub}{ gu/kflnsfsf] r'gfjdf efu lng] jftfj/0f agfpg] . o;df /fli6|o cGt/f{li6|o ?kdf PlSnb} uPsf] /fhtGqsf] n8fOFdf ;8sdf plqPsf lyof}+ eGb} cfkm\gf] lk08 cyf{t\ efu vf]Hg] oL s"l6n rfnx?af6 g} k|]l/t eP/ k"j{ k~rx? ;8s ;+u|fdsf] wDsL lbO/x]sf 5g\ .
jf:tjdf b/jf/ ljleGg of]hgfsf ;fy /fhg}lts kf6L{x?nfO{ lgsDjf agfpFb} cufl8 al9 g} /x]sf] 5 . casf] csf]{ rfn cfGbf]lnt bnsf g]tfx?nfO{ y'g]/ k"j{ k~rx? / /fhg}lts kf6L{x?af6 ;8]un]sf tTjx? ;fy} ljleGg efiffefifL, hfthflt, wd{ cfbLsf] gfddf b]zJofkL ?kdf gofF ;+;bsf] rog ug]{ . /fhfn] agfpg] efjL ;+;bx?nfO{ ;'v ;'ljwf / ljnfl;tfdf lnKt ePsf kf6L{sf sfo{stf{ ghfnfg\ eGg] 7fpF klg 5}g . pbfx/0fs} nflu xfn Pdfn]af6 /fwfs[i0f, uf]N5] ;fsL{ / g]kfnL sf+u|];af6 jLkL k'q k|sfz sf]O/fnfx? x]g{ ;lsG5 . ef]lnsf lbgdf b/jf/ k:g]x?sf] ;+Vof cem a9\g] kSsf 5 h;df gful/s ;dfhsf gfdaf6 hgtfdfem cfPsfx? klg sltkox? kb kfPkl5 ;a} l7s xf] eGb} b/jf/ gk:nfg\ eGg ;lsb}g .
s]xL /fhg}lts ljZn]ifsx? eG5g\, /fhf ca hgdt ;+u|xdf hfg] tof/Ldf 5g\ / g} pgL b]z bf}8fxfdf hgtf;Fu 3'nldn x'g lgl:sPsf x'g\ . t/ /fhf hxfF hxfF hfG5g\ pgn] /fhgLlts kf6L{x?nfO{ lgsDjf, e|i6x?sf] hdft, b]zsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg x}g cfkm\gf] :jfy{k"lt{ ug]{ tTjx?sf] eL8 eGg 5f8]sf 5}gg\ . ;fy} dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xLx?nfO{ cft+ssf/L eGb} cfkm" cft+sjfb lj?2df nl8/x]sf] s'/f elg/x]sf 5g\ .
/fhfsf lgo'lQm kfPsf lhNnf tyf c+rn k|zf;sx?nfO{ lgb]{zg lbb}+ ljb]zL k};fsf] b]zdf vf]nf] au]sf] / hgtfsf] b]zsf] /Iffsf] gfddf o'4 ug{ cfXjfg ul//x]sf 5g\ .
oL ;a} s[ofsnfkaf6 ljZn]if0f ubf{ /fhf hgdt ;+u|x x}g cem s7f]/ sbd rfNb} /fhgLlts kf6L{sf g]tfx?nfO{ ljleGg cf/f]k nufO{ y'g5]s ub}{ dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xLx?;Fu d'7e]8s} ;Defjgfx? a9L b]lvG5g\ . xfn /fhf ePotf ;do kl/l:ylt / df}sfsf] kmfObf p7fpg ;kmn b]lvPsf /fhf 1fg]Gb|nfO{ l5d]sL /fi6| ef/t nufot o'/f]lkog o'lgog, cd]l/sf, cGt/f{li6|o dfgjclwsf/jfbL ;+3;+:yfx? / /fi6|;+3 ;d]t ljkl/t w|'jdf jfwssf] ?kdf eP tfklg k]?sf] z}nLdf dfcf]jfbL g]tfx? w/ks8 of o'4df l;WofP/ sdhf]/ agfP cGt/f{li6|o ;dy{g k'gM k|fKt x'g] cfzfdf b/jf/ /x]sf] b]lvG5 . b/jf/ slt;Dd s7f]/ aGbf]/x]5 To;sf] k|ToIf pbfx/0f df3 !( sf] sbdaf6} k|i6 eO;s]sf] 5 .
To;}n] /fhg}lts bnsf g]tfx?n] Psh'6 eP/ lg/+s'z /fhtGqsf] h'g;'s} hg lj/f]wL rfn rn] klg g]kfndf k"0f{ nf]stGqsf] :yfkgf g]kfnL hgtfnO{ k"0f{ ;fj{ef}d ;DkGg agfpg] Go'gtd ;femf ;t{df cfj2 eP/ cfGbf]ngnfO{ hg:t/df k'/\ofpg' cfhsf] cfjZostf xf] .
ljb|f]xL dfcf]jfbLx?n] xfn u/]sf] o'4 lj/fdnfO{ /fhgLlts bnx?n] ;d]t ;sf/fTds ?kn] u|x0f u/L /fi6|;+3sf] dWo:tfdf ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rgdfkm{t\ ;d:of ;dfwfg geP g]kfnL hgtfn] yk si6s/ hLjg ef]Ug afWo x'g'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

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/fhfsf] k|ToIf zf;gkl5 ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf] d"n dd{nfO{ tx;gx; kfg]{ lgof]lht if8oGqsf] pkh:j?k Pskl5 csf]{ x'Fb} cfPsf lg0f{ox? / cWofb]zsf] ?kdf NofOPsf sfg"gx? ;}Gojfb (Mititrarism) sf] r/dpTsif{sf kl/0ffd x'g\ eGg] s'/fdf ca s;}n] ;Gb]x ug'{kg]{ cj:yf ljBdfg 5}g .
ca hgtfn] a'‰g}kg]{ s'/f s] xf] eg] d'n'sdf ;}Gos/0f dfq ePsf] 5}g, oxfF k"/} ;}Gojfb xfjL eO;s]sf] 5 . ;}Gos/0f (Mititarization) x'Fbfsf] cj:yfdf ;]gfsf] Jofks pkl:ylt / xltof/o'Qm zlQm cfGtl/s jf afXo c