;flxTo   clen]vfno

pHHjn hL=;L=
clk|n !&, @))$

xfdL jL/ g]kfnL xf}+ zq';fd' gem'Sg]
wd{sf :jR5 d"n xf}+ o'uf}+o'u g;'Sg] .

a'4sf zflGt ;Gb]z ljZjel/ km}nfO{
pGgltsf dfu{x? c'+w]/Ld} klxNofO
of] /fi6"nfO{ x'+;fpg s'g}a]nf gr'Sg]
wd{sf :jR5 d"n xf}+ o'uf}+o'u g;'Sg] .

zxLbsf ;fx;x? d'6'leq ;f'+r]/
kl/>dsf wf/f aUbf d';d';' xf'+;]/
cGofo;'+u 8/fp'+b} s'g}a]nf gn'Sg]
wd{sf :jR5 d"n xf}+ o'uf}+o'u g;'Sg] .

;'dg kf]v/]n
lj/f6gu/, clk|n !^, @))$

eg]sf] s]xL gk'Ug] of] s:tf] lg:tf] lhGbuL
;f]r]y]+ cfkm\gf] afFRg] afFr]+ of] s:sf] lhGbuL

d':sfg lyof] d]/f]df cg'/fun] r'd]sf]
;kgf lyof] Pp6f dfofn] g} a'g]sf]
of] s] hLjg afFRb}5' kL/n] cf]7 y'g]sf]
;a} v';Lx? rflx+ /fv] em}+ st} aGwsL

pd+u lyof] d]/f]df hLjg h:tf] /x/sf]
hfFu/ lyof] d'6'df kxf8L - gbL nx/sf]
ca t v} s] afFRg' / d'6' g} eof] hx/sf]
afFlr/x]5' s/}n] s;}n] s]xL eG5 ls

z'esfdgf s;nfO{ afF8' <

d+h' lg/f}nf
d]l/Nof08 cd]l/sf, clk|n !^, @))$

gofF aif{sf v'zLsf knx?
z'esfdgfsf d+undo w'gx?
zLtsf yf]kfsf z'4 ljsL/0fx?
s;nfO{ lsg s;/L kf] afF8' <
of] jif{ ylkPsf 3ft\ k|lt3ftsf kL8fx?
cfFug cfFug b}nf] b}nf]df lnlkj4
d[To'sf lgdGq0fx?
cfnf] /utsf l;sf{ clg l;s{gfx?
sfqf] lagf y'lk|Psf ljlIfKt nf;x?
lu4 Zofnn] r'F8flnPsf ljlb0f{ cjojx?b]lv
s'g zAb, s'g d''6'n] z'esfdgf cleJoQm u?F <
ljwjfsf a}wJosf] cfFz' / k'sf/ b]v]/
6'x'/f 6'x/L gfafnssf] cbDo /f]bg a]bgf ;'g]/
a[4 afa'cfdfsf] cf>oxLg cft{gfb ;'g]/
z"Go /fIf;n] lgn]sf] eofjx ufpF x]/]/
s;sf] 3/df uO{ d+undo zAbsf] pRrf/0f u?F d <
ufpF ufpF z"Go eO{ /fIf;L /fHo ePsf] a]nf
lrTsf/, qf;, eofjx kL8f qmGbg pn]{sf] a]nf
/fhs'df/ lbSkfnsf] z"Go gu/L ePsf] a]nf
lsl/ofk'qL g} a]kQf ePsf] b]Vbf b]Vb}
d s'g d'6'n] cfnf] 3fpdf g'g 5ls{b}
gFof gf}nf] jif{sf] sfdgf ck{0f u?F <
nflnu'/fF; agdf kmqmg} 5f]8]sf] a]nf
/utsf] cfxfnn] dft[e"ld /+luPsf] a]nf
cft+sjfbL cfttfoLsf] cTofrf/n] ljlIfKt ePsf
d s'g aGw' afGwjnfO{ s'g zAbn]
z'e]R5f k|s6 ub}{ s'g d'6'n] clek|]l/t eO{
d+un w'gsf] las'n s;/L km'Sg ;S5' xf]nf <
s;/L d clegGbg :jLsf/ u/ eGg ;S5' xf]nf
;'vdo, d+undo gj aif{ latf];\ egL
s'g d'6'n] of] zAb eGg ;S5' xf]nf <

k};f

uf]laGbl;+x /fjt
6f]/f]G6f], Sofgf8f, clk|n !^, @))$

p hlGdof], d'v x]bf{, cfkmGtn] xftdf /flvlbP k};f
gf}/fgdf gfd /fVg, afn] afh]nfO{ 6Lsf nfP/ lbP k};f
kf;gL ubf{ vfg] / v'jfpg]n], uIo cg';f/ vr{ u/] k};f
ljBfno, dxfljBfno, ljZjljBfno , k9\b} uof], ltb}{ uof] htf tt} k};f
hflu/ vfg v'jfof] p;n] cg]sf}+nfO{ k};f
hflu/] ePkl5 p;n] klg vfg yfNof] c?af6 k};f
k};f k};f, st} p;n] lbof] k};f, st} p;n] lnof] k};f
hUu lsGof] lgodfg';f/, lgodljkl/t lt¥of] dfnkf]tdf k};f
gS;f adf]lhd 3/ agfof] lgodfg';f/, lgodljkl/t lt¥of] gu/kflnsfdf k};f
lah'nL, wf/f, 6]lnkmf]g lgodfg';f/ hf]8\of], lt¥of] lgodljkl/t k};f
k/Dk/f xf] c8|8f cbfntsf] vfg / v'jfpg' k5{ ;a}nfO{ k};f
dGqL g]tf pRrkb:y sd{rf/L, ;a}n] vfG5g\ v'jfp5g\ k};f
cfkmGt glhlsG5g\, ha x'G5 k};f, ;a 6fl9G5g\ ha x'Gg k};f
k};fdf dfof k};fdf bof, ;fyL ;DaGwL a6'Ng] k};f
k};fsf] e/df kb k|lti7f, ;f]Wb}gg\ s;}n] g eP k};f
sdfpb} uof] p;n] k};f, /dfpb}} uof] kfP/ k};f
lsGof] hjfgL k};fsf] e/df, a'9f}+nL cfof] sfxf' nfpg] k};f
lj/fdL k¥of] n'6fof] k};f, /f]u alnof] sdhf]/ k};f
a'e\mof] aNn k};fsf] cy{, Aoy{ eof] sdfsf] k};f
d[To' ;To, e|d xf] k};f
afr'~h]n sdfpb} lx8\Yof] k};f, d/] kl5 nf; ;+u 5b}{ uof] k};f
geP x'Gg afRgnfO{ k};f, d/] kl5klg rflxg] k};f
k};f k};f gf}/fg b]lv >f4;Dd k};f k};f
k};f k};f hGd]b]lv gd?~h]n ;Dd k};f k};f

km]l/ r]/L km'Nof]===

af;' >]i7
elh{lgof, clk|n !^, @))$

km]l/ r]/L km'Nof] xh'/, 8L ;L /dfOnf]
3'Dg hfcf}++ Totf nf} g, df};d 3dfOnf]
df]g'df]06sf] 5]p5fp, h]km;{g\ d]df]l/on\
dnsf] kf/Lkl6|\6 To:t} lnÍg d]df]l/on\

6fO{8n a]l;g j/k/, 9sdSs r]/L
tl:j/ lvrf}+ k|s[ltsf], cf;g\ km]/L km]/L
lr/Llj/L ?vdfly, r]/L;u}+ r/L
a]l;gsf] l;/]6f]n], xfG5 3/L 3/L

hn 5'g] sf]zL; u5{, r]/L tlGsP/
hn eg] b"/ efU5, To;} dl:sP/
xf/ vfO{ r]/L x]5{, cfkm\gf] ?k hndf
kNnj emf/L 3'Sof{pF5, x/ kn kndf

hn jfo" r]/L ;a}, v]N5g\ ldnLh'nL
geklg ;fy lbG5, tfn\sf] hn\df ldnL
nfU5 ;fgf] :ju{} xf] ls, dg df]lxt kfg{]
afbnsf] 5fFof kbf{, leGg e|ddf kfg{]

d'Qm eO{ hf8f]af6, :jfut a;Gtsf]
d'Qm xfF;f] km'6\5 ;asf], x]bf{ cgGtsf]
b]x v'Nof], dg v'Nof], v'Nof] geklg
/Ë r9\of] a;Gtsf], r9\of] gzfklg

km'N5 r]/L x/]s jif{, rf8 h:t} cfpF5
lzlz/ Ct' ljbf u/L, j;Gt af]nfpF5
km]l/ r]/L km'Nof] xh'/, 8L ;L /dfOnf]
3'Dg hfcf}++ Totf nf} g, df};d 3dfOnf]===

g]kfnL snfsf/ k|hftGqsf] vf]hLdf

s[i0f sF8]n
aflN6df]/ cd]l/sf, clk|n !^, @))$

oltv]/ g]kfndf k|hftGq hf]ufpg] cfGbf]ngdf xhf/f}+ xhf/ dflg;x? ;8sdf plqPsf 5g\ . pgLx?sf] clx+;fTds cfGbf]ngn] Pp6f :yfoL zflGtsf] rfxgf vf]lh/x]sf] 5 . 7Ls Tolt g} a]nf cd]l/sfsf] /fhwfgL jfl;+ª6g 8L;L / To; j/k/sf g]kfnL ;d'bfosf] ;lqmotfdf gofF jif{ @)^! sf] k"j{ ;GWofdf Pp6f ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
c+h'nL e/L /+uLlj/+uL km"x? lnPsf ;;fgf gfgLx?n] bz{sx?tkm{ km"n 5/]/ gofF jif{sf] ;"o{sf] klxnf] ls/0f;Fu} cfkm\gf k"vf{sf] dft[e"lddf zflGt 5fcf];\ eGg] sfdgf u/] . pkl:yt bz{sx? efjljef]/ eP . ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmdsf] cGTodf Pp6f Psf+sL gf6ssf] k|bz{g ul/Psf] lyof] .
gf6s x]g'{k"j{ bz{sx?sf] sf}t'xntf Tof] gf6ssf snfsf/x?nfO{ sltv]/ dGrdf x]g{ kfOPnf eGg]dfq lyof] eGbf clt;of]lQm gxf]nf .
slj x]dGt >]i74f/f lnlvt pQm gf6ssf] zLif{s t s]xL lbOPsf] lyPg t/ !& ldg]6sf] pQm Psf+sL gf6sn] g]kfn / g]kfnLsf] jt{dfg kL8f af]Ng ;kmn ePsf] b]lvGYof] .
d~rdf IfltljIft nf;x? lyP . g]kYodf aGb'ssf] cfjfh;Fu} sf]nfxn / lrTsf/ ;'lgGYof] . ltg} nf;x?dfly 6]Sb} d~rdf Pp6L gf/L kfq / Ps ax'nf kfq kfn} kfnf] k|j]z u5{g\ .
bz{sbL3f{sf] cu|efusf] s'gfaf6 ha ax'nf kfqsf ?kdf ;/f]h vgfn c§xf; xfF;f] xfF:b} j/k/ ub}{ k|j]z ub{5g\ ta bz{sx?dfemdf v'nb'nL a9\5 . pgn] lat]sf lbgx?df k|hftGqdfly /fhgLlts bnx?n] u/]sf] dgk/L / g]kfnL hgtfn] ef]Ug'k/]sf Joyfx? Aff/]sf ;+jf4x? af]Ng yfn]kl5 tfnLsf] u8u8fx6 z'? x'g yfN5 . k|hftGqdfly kfn}kfnf] anTsf/ ePsf], 3/af/b]lv b/af/;Dd nf;sf] y'k|f] nfUg yfn]sf], nf;sf] y'k|f]n] ;u/dfyf k'l/g yfn]sf] 5 h:tf ;+jfbn] pkl:yt hg;d'bfo :tAw ePsf] lyof] .
ax'nfsf] e]ifdf cfkm\gf] ;Gtfg dfl/Psf] kL8fdf gf6ssf gfos ;/f]h vgfnn] lx+;fTds cfGbf]ngdf nfu]sf bn / ltgsf sfo{stf{nfO{ gfdb{sf] ;+1f lbb} a'4sf] xftdf ad /fVg]x? gfdb{ x'g\ eGb} pgL cfkm\gf] :s'n uPsf] 5f]/f] dfl/Psf]df cfkm\gf] xfnt o:tf] ePsf] atfpFb} pgL ;a}kIfnfO{ plQs} ?kdf lwSsf/g k'Ub5g\ / b'O{ jif]{ cfkm\gf] 5f]/f] aGb'ssf] uf]nLn] dflPsf]df lrGtf kf]V5g\ .
ptf Toltv]/} g]kfn cfdfsf] e]ifdf rnlrq cleg]qL sl/Zdf dfgGw/sf] d~rdf k|j]z x'G5 . pgn] eg] cem} klg b]z / k|hftGqsf] eljio 5 eGb} cfzfsf] lbof] glge]sf] ;+s]t ub}{ d~rdf k|j]z ub}{ ;;fgf gfgLx?tkm{ cf}+NofpFb} ælogLx? x'g\ of] b]zsf eljio, logLx?sf nflu k|hftGq afFRg'k5{, logLx?af6} b]zeQm g]tfx? lg:sg] 5g\ k|hftGqsf nflu hgtf :jod\ p7\g'kg]{Æ cfXjfg ub{l5g\ . Toltv]/ bz{sbL3f{af6 k'gM tflnsf] u8u8fx6 cfpF5 .
gf6ssf] cGTodf ; ;fgf gfgLx?sf] pkl:ylt / ;fydf 8f= cf/h' b]pjfsf] uLt bneGbf dfly p7]/ x]/ b]z ToxfF e]l6G5 eGg] uLtn] pkl:ylt ;a} bz{sx?sf] cfª lhl/ª kf/]sf] efg x'GYof] .
l;g] snfsf/x? sl/Zdf dfgGw/ / ;/f]h vgfnsf] d'Vo k|:t'lt /x]sf] gf6ssf] k|:t'ltn] gf6snfO{ hlt prfOdf k'¥ofof] Tolt g} v6\lsg] / sdhf]/ kIf s] /Xof] eg] sltko ;+jfbx? cfkm}+df lj/f]wfefifk"0f{ lyP . pbfx/0fsf] nflu ToxfF ;+;bjfbL bn, u0ftGqjfbL bn / /fhtGq ;a}nfO{ Ps};fy k|xf/ ul/Psf] lyof] . jt{dfg k|hftGqn] b]z gkfPsf] u'gf;f] lyof] . o:tf gf6s lg;Gb]x ;Gb]zd"ns x'g'kg]{ lyof] . o;tkm{ n]vs lgb]{zs / snfsf/x?n] ;ts{tf ckgfpg' pko'Qm b]lvG5 .
oxfF :d/0f ug'{kg]{ s'/f s] 5 eg] snfsf/ ;/f]h vgfnn] cd]l/sfdf xfn;Dd kfFr j6f gf6sx?sf] k|b{zg ul/;s]sf 5g\ eg] g]kfndf /xFbf #& j6f 6]lnlkmNd / bh{gf} gf6sx? v]ln;s]sf 5g\ . le8b]lv eL8;Dd, df}g cfsfz, ;]Gr'jfsf] c;n dfG5], h]7f] 5f]/f] / e:df;'/sf] gnLxf8 pgn] v]n]sf rlr{t gf6s x'g\ . To;}u/L pgn] clego u/]sf] c+lGtd rnlrq /ut xf] .
g]kfnL l;g]df hutdf 8]8bzseGbf nfdf] cjlw;Dd rrf{sf] lzv/df /x]sL gflosf sl/Zdf dfgGw/n] /+ud~rLo gf6sdf v]n]sL eg] of] g} klxnf] xf] . z'esfdgf / kfx'gfkl5 dfgGw/n] s'g} rnlrqdf clego u/]sL 5}gg\ .

b]z /f]O/x]5

nIdL kf}8]n lzjfsf]6L]]
c6f]af, Sofgf8f, clk|n !%, @))$

u[xo'4sf] bnbndf km;]sf] 5 .
g]kfnL g]kfnL lardf zq'tf a9]sf] 5 .
;Qfwf/Lsf] sdfpg] ynf] ag]sf] 5 .
lakIfLx?sf]nflu pkb|f] dRrfpg]] lqm8f:yn ag]sf] 5 .

:jb]zLsf]nflu 8/, qf; / eo ag]sf] 5 .
ljb]zLsf]nflu ukmsf] ljifo ag]sf] 5 .
xfjfsf] ;':s]/fdm} aGb'ssf] uf]ln uh]+sf] 5 .
o'4df n6k6L /utn] kf]ltPsf] 5 .

cfdfx?sf] sfv / ;kgf l/lQPsf] 5 .
j}zfn' r]lnx?sf] l;pFbf] k'l5Psf] 5 .
ef]sf 6'x'/fx?sf] ljnf}gfn] u'l~hPsf] 5 .
bfh' / efOsf] emu8fdf kl/0ffdt xf/
d]/f] b]z g]kfnsf] g} t ePsf] 5 .

zflGte"dL elg lrlgPsf] d]/f] b]z .
zflGt t Pp6f r/f kf] ag]5 .
hf] pl8 b]z} 5f]8L h+un kf] k;]5 .
uf}Qda'4 hGdfpg] d]/f] b]z pgsf]
pkb]zg} kf] b]zaf;Ln] lal;{Psf] 5 .

lxGb' wd{n] kl/sNkgf u/]h:tf] gu+ t d]/f] b]zg} kf] ag]5 .
o:tf b[io x]g{ g;sL d]/f] b]z
5ftL lk6L lk6L /f]O/x]sf] 5 .

gofF aif{

sf]dn kf]v/]n
Go' XofDk;fo/, clk|n !%, @))$

rf/}lt/ qf; km}lnP klg,
rf/} lt/ cTof; el/P klg
;8s, dlGb/, af6f] ;a}lt/
aGb's k8\lsPklg
;w}+ h:t} Pp6} kf]zfsdf
gofF aif{ cfPsf] 5
aGb's / adsf] w"jfFn],
klxn] h:t} kf/Lnf] 3fd gb]lvPklg
lgbf]{if, lg/k/fw JolQmsf
a]jfl/;] cj:yfdf kmflnPsf
nfzx?sf] uGwn]
klxn] h:tf] a;Gtsf] ;'efif, gcfPklg
cjL/sf] ;f6f] caf]w slnnf afns
/, aflnsfsf] /utn] leh]sf]
hldgdf gofF kfn'jf pd|g g;s]klg,
cfkm\gf] gjhGd lzz'sf]
gfn sf6\g gkfPklg
km]/L gofF aif{ cfPsf] 5
b]zsf] afFsL /x]sf] cl:yk+h/ dfly
anfTsf/ ug]{ lbjf ;kgf af]sL
zf;gsf] k|lt:kwf{ oyfjt /x]klg
cfh km]/L gofF aif{ cfPsf] 5
;fnsf] c+s dfq gofF eP5
lxhf], cl:th:t} lyof] /
cfh, lxhf] h:t} 5, clg s]sf] cfwf/df
ef]ln a]Un} x'g] cfz <
b]znfO{ /G8f nufO{ v's{g] sdL{x? ltg} 5g\
lrNofpg vf]Hbf vf]Hb} ca t b]z} tfl5g yfn]sf] 5
k'g{ g;lsg] vfN8f] k/]sf] 5
snd ;dfpg] xftx?df
aGb's / ad ;lhPsf 5g\
clglZrttfsf] z"Gotkm{
;fF9]x?n] caf]w afR5fx?nfO{
n5fb}{ k5fb}{ cfkm\gf] v'§fdf afFw]/
8f]xf]¥ofO/x]sf 5g\
o:t} o:t} ljeT;tfsf] cjnf]sg ug{
oxfF km]/L gofF aif{ cfPsf] 5
æb'O{ 9'+ufaLrsf] t?nÆ eGg]
tLg ;o jif{ k'/fgf] sxfjt
cfh ;fy{s ePsf] 5
t/ b]z xf]Og, cfh hgtf To;df
RoflkPsf 5g\, lklN;Psf 5g\
slxn] hf]l8g] clg slxn] 5'l§g]
ÆcldjfÆ h:tf gfOs]x?
a]l6| ;lsPsf] æ6r{nfO6Æ af]sL
cFWof/f]tkm{ al9/x]sf 5g\
r];af]8{ df r]s/sf uf]6L
rfln/x]sf 5g\
g slxNo} xf/ gt hLt g} x'g]
o:t} o:t} cGof]n x'Fbf x'Fb} klg
oxfF km]/L gofF jif{ cfPsf] 5 ..

cg];f; Go"of]s{ zfvf

clk|n !$, @))$

ut $ clk|n @))$ cfOtjf/sf lbg Dofgx6g, Go'of]s{df a;]sf] ;flxTosf/x?sf] e]nfn] Go"of]s{sf 5]jf8) z]kf{ nfdfsf] cWoIftfdf cGt/f{li6|o g]kfnL ;flxTo ;dfh, Go " of]s{ RofK6/sf] u7g u/]sf] 5 . gjul7t cg];f; Go'of]s{ RofK6/df P3f/ ;b:oLo ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldlt tyf P3f/ ;b:oLo sfo{;ldlt /x]sf] 5 .
RofK6/sf] sfo{;ldltsf] cWoIfdf >LdtL k ' gd ; ' j]bL, pkfWoIfdf >LdtL uLtf vqL, dxf;lrjdf >LdtL Hof]lt kf}8]n, ;lrjdf >LdtL k ' gd sfkm\n] / sf]iffWoIfdf >LdtL cf8) k"mjf{ z]kf{ nfdf /xg ' ePsf] 5 . sfo{ ;ldltsf ;b:ox?df >LdtL d]g ' sf /f]sf, >LdtL k 'ikf /fO{, >LdtL cg'jGt, >LdtL kl/tf /fhe08f/L, >LdtL /Lgf 1jfnL / >LdtL /flwsf tfdf8) /xg' ePsf] 5 .
RofK6/sf] ;Nnfxsf/x?df 8f= Zofd sfsL{, vu]Gb| lh=;L=, sdn sfsL{, 5]jf8) z]kf{ nfdf, b'a;' If]qL, uug lj/xL, hubLz pkfWofo, ab|L kf}8]n, ls/0f sfkm\n], ljgf]b /f]sf / x]dGt yfkfdu/ /xg' ePsf] 5 . Go"of]s{ RofK6/sf] j]e;fO{6sf nflu j]edf:6/df 1fg]Gb| :yflkt lgo'St x'g' ePsf] 5 .

;+sNk gofF jif{sf]

k'?iff]Qd ;'j]bL
elh{lgof, clk|n !$, @))$

u5'{ ;+sNk cfh, ltdLnfO{ cd/ /fVg],
csf]{ jif{ klg km]l/ g]kfnLTj hufpg],
k':tf}+;Dd g]kfnLkg lrgfpg],
ljZje/ ltd|f] dxf]T;j dgfpg] .

;+sNk u5'{ cfh ;a} g]kfnL hufpg],
;+;f/e/ g]kfnL hfltnfO{ lrgfpg],
g]kfnL d"nsf ;a};Fu xftdf xft ldnfpg],
g]kfnL gofF jif{sf] z'e sfdgf afFl8/xg] .

z'e sfdgf

af;' >]i7, elh{lgof
clk|n !$, @))$

gofF jif{,
z'e sfdgf ;a}nfO{
…wGojfb z'e sfdgf lbg]nfO{Ú
of] k|lqmof t x/]s gofF jif{sf]
z'?cftdf x'G5
t/,
z'e sfdgf slQsf] v]/ hfG5 <
z'e sfdgf slQsf] ;kmn x'G5 <

oxfF uPsf] jif{ clg o; jif{
dfq cf;g, /f;g / efif0f,
jfb ljjfb / lgjf{b
O{Hht / a]O{Hht
cfnf]rgf / ;dfnf]rgf
ljR5]b / ;Demf}tf
o'2 / cfqmd0f d} ;Lldt /x\of]

;/sf/sf] gf/f o; jif{
O{Gwg arfcf}+
cfbz{ kl/jf/ agf}+
b]z ljsf; u/f}+
slQsf] ;kmn /x\of] <

ufpFsf] gf/f o; jif{
alQ b]pm, ;8s agfpm
cfjf; b]pm, vfBfGg b]pm
clg j:q b]pm
slQsf] ;kmn /x\of] <

Ps JolQmsf] lrGtg
b'O{ ufF; hf]g{] wf]sf]
nfnf afnfnfO{ Ps TofGb|f]n] 5f]Kg] wf]sf]
df};d abnL /xg] cfsfzaf6 aRg
Ps ;fgf] em'k|f]sf] wf]sf]
slQsf] ;kmn /x\of] <

;f/f g]kfnLsf]
b]zdf zfGtL 5fcf];\
k|hftGq k'gj{xfnL xf];\
g]tfx?sf] ;b\a'lWb kmsf]{;\
slQsf] ;kmn /x\of]

t} klg …z'esfdgfÚ / …awfOÚ{
…wGojfbÚ / …v'zL nfUofÚ] sf]
cf]O/f] rn]s} 5,
ca o; jif{ klg
x/]s jif{ em}+
gf/fx? / lrGtgx?
slQsf] ;kmn x'g]5
Ps;l7\7 ;fnsf] k'5f/n] b]vfpg] g} 5
t/ k|lqmof t plx g xf]
of] klg slxNo} km]l/G5 / <

lg/h lnDa"
df]/ª, clk|n !$, @))$

a;Gtdf k|s[ltsf] km"n gofF gofF
htftt} ;f}gbo{sf] d"n gofF gofF
aif{el/ cfqmfGtn] lkN;LPsf hgsf]
k/]nLdf dg hf]8\g] k'n gofF gofF
hf]ufP/ xsf{pg' cfp?bf] gjo'unfO{
bof? afof? df}sf 5f]Kg] z"n gof? gofF
lal;{{{P/ ctLtsf kl/b[iox?
ug'{ x'Gg ca km]l/ e"n gof? gofF .

gofF aif{

df]xg l;6f}nf
clk|n !#, @))$ cyf{t\ a}zfv ! ut] @)^!

cfof] eG5g\ gofF jif{ Û sxfF cfof] < s;f] eof] <
cfkm" Tof] lsg af]Nb}g < dflg; g} ;dfpF5 Û
gofF d'x't{, Ct' oL, afnf , g"tg jif{ /]
gJo sfo{ , gofF ldq , gofF ljrf/, efj /] Û
gofF nx/sf tfFlt , efFltefFlt of] eL8df
;f/f kqx¿ h:t} yfs nfU5g\ sxfFsxfF Û

j;Gt jgdf km'N5 , dfG5]sf dgdf klg
/f]dfl~rt ;a} kf5{ ,g/, kz' , jgiklt
;+:s[lt jgsf] vf;f 5fF6-sfF6 cg]sdf
;[li6-;Qf lhnfP/ /lZd 3'D5] cgGtdf
dL7f ;+:s[ltsf sLlt{, k|s[lt jf :jefj oL
kl/jt{gsf] efsf, e]if, e'iff hxL+txL+
;|i6f,b|i6f,snfsf/ ;+:s[lt-k|s[lt el/
j;Gt, u[id cflbdf gofF nx/ cfpF5
gfgf rf9, jxf8}df gjhf]; pbfpF5
k|s[lt ;+:s[lt afFR5g\ gjgLt :j¿kdf
r]tgf, af]w, uGtJo gJo k|Zt'lt-¿kdf

gjLg afn-rfnfdf ;do-rqm 3'D5 ls
;[li6sf ;a oL 5fofF,dfofF,sfof ;d]6\5 ls
a"9f}lt s;/L k:5 < sfnsf] sl;nf] ¿k
kmGsf dfb{5 ;f/fdf s] xf] of] < s;sf] an <
cfkm" ;do, pm p:t} k|s[lt ¿k km]b{5
;+:s[ltn] dg'io}sf] gofF kfgf lkm/fpF5
efjgf gJo rfn}df, ldhf; / JojfÚ/df
xn'sL sNkgf rfN5] , kÎem}+ ;a p8\b5g\
8'Nb5g\ dfbdf gfb xfn]/ ;a em'Nb5g\

kGsfdfbf]{ 5 of] rqm, k[lyjL, u|x, d08n
lgxfl/sf b;} xHhf/, ;"o{, tf/f cgGtsf
dtLdf ultn] r:sf lbG5, pb]s nfUb5 Û
;femf ;To ;Fw}sf] of] lsg /x:o nfUb5 <

gofF jif{ cxf cfof] Û km]l/ csf]{ pbfpF5
nfpF5 dfw'/L dfofF , tfgf qf;bL 5f]8\b5
;kgL, ljkgL ;f/f sNkgLsf p8fgdf
tgdf, dgdf, jGdf, wtL{, csfz, z"Godf
cfzf, lg/f; kfn]sf ;f/f k|f0fx¿ oxfF
gjfzfsf ld7f afGsL lnP/ 3'Db5g\ oxfF
;RofP/ ;a} uNtL gofFg'ejdf p7f}+
hLjgL lht xf] uLt o;}df k|Lt nf} e/f}+

cfsif{0f / ljt[i0ff b'O{ lsgf/df /x'g\
O{:j/L, bfgjL ;f/f dfG5]sf d'6'df ldn'g\
dWof~rn lgjf;L of] dfG5] ,d'6' / d§L xf]
jLrsf] 6Kk'df /Db} l;h{gf u5{ lgTo hf]

Dff]xgL dfb-pGdfb, j;'wfdf ;'wf slt Û
;Dxfn]/, ljrf/]/ ;'wfn] hLjgL el/
n}hfpFm sd{rqm}sf] gf;f] af]s]/ kf;df
a'emfpmF gJo kL+9Ldf kf]sf bfloTjsf gofF

nufP/ gofF efsf, ldnfP/ dg}x¿
xft]dfnf] u/L cfpg\-hfpg\ jif{ c¿x¿ Û

gj jif{

cf/=s]= /fgf
nlntk'/, xfn M l/ofb, clk|n !#, @))$

lx+;f, cGofo, cTofrf/ / e|i6frf/nfO{ /l4sf] 6f]s/Ldf km\of+s]/,
zflGt, Gofo / OdfGbf/Lsf] pHofnf] jQL lnP/ cfOb]pm gj jif{ .
cf+z', b'v / kL8fx?nfO{ ;bfsf] nflu b"/ u/]/,
;'vzflGt / cfgGbsf] ;'dw'/ xf+;f]n]
k|To]s g]kfnLsf] d'xf/df 5fOb]pm gj jif{ .

b]zsf cljslzt s'gfsGb/fsf uf+px?df dWogh/ /fv]/,
ljsfzsf] nx/n] ;hfOb]pm gj jif{ .
clzlIft, a]/f]huf/, ul/a / lgd'vf hgdfg;df,
lzIffsf] Hof]lt / /f]huf/Lsf cj;/x?n] e/Lk"0f{ ul/b]p gj jif{ .

gf+uf kfvfkv]/f]x? / p/f7 nfUbf] kmf+6x?df
;bfjxf/ xl/ofnL eP/ 5fO{b]pm gj jif{ .
zx/sf k|b'lift / sf]nfxn jftfj/0fx?df
:jR5 / zfGt jftfj/0f eP/ cfOb]pm gj jif{ .

ljZj zflGtsf] rfxgf eof ======

8f= lji0f' s'df/ lwtfn
clk|n !#, @))$

;+;f/sf] s'g} klg efu,
k"j{, klZrd, pQ/, blIf0f,
jf dWo-k"j{ hxfF;'s} lsg gxf];\,
of] jf p s'g} ?ksf] dgd'6fj jf
j}/efj jf åGb jf o'¢ a9\bf] 5 .

3/ kl/jf/ xf]; jf 5/ l5d]s,
ufpF ;dfh xf]; jf wd{ hftL jf If]q
hxfF;'s} dgd'6fj / j}/efj a9\bf] 5,
åGbsf] ult psfnf] r9\bf] 5 .

/fd / a'4x?sf] cjz]if ;ls+b} uP/ xf] jf
/fj0f h:tf ;'xftf]{, ;f/f]g, ;2fd
clg hh{ j'; h:tf bfgjx?
o; wlt{df tF5f8 d5f8 ub}{ cfP/ xf] jf
xfdL ;a}sf] a'l4 / lja]s 5]p nfUb} uP/ xf]
nf]s sNof0fsf gfpFdf lgxLt :jfy{ a9\bf] 5
;Eo ;dfhsf] kl/rfos x/fpFbf] 5
To;}n] xf]nf ;+;f/ htftt} åGbn] cfqmfGt 5 .

oxfF 5nsk6 / zf]if0f s} o'u cfP h:tf] 5,
oyfy{ / jf:tljstf d/L ;s] h:tf] 5,
9fF65n / sk6n] ljZj g} vfP h:tf] 5,
To;}n] t lgwf{ lgd'vfsf] ?jfjf;Ln] ;+;f/ 5fPsf] 5 .

nfvf}++df sf]xL xf]nfg Ps ab\df;
hf] j]s;? b"lgofdf cftÍ drfp5g\
gq, sf]xL dft[e"ld vf]l;Psf] ljXndf
t sf]xL :jtGq /fi6" lgdf{0fsf] clenfiffdf,
To:t}, sf]xL ;fdflhs Gofo / ;dtfsfnflu
t sf]xL Iflqo :jzf;g / cfTd lg0f{osf] clwsf/sfnflu
n8L /x]5g\ ljb|f]xLx? cfˆgf] :jflwgtfsf nflu
cfTd ;Ddfg;fy lhpg kfpg] clwsf/sfnflu

csf]{ lt/, cfˆgf] ;fd|fHo vf]l;Pnf /
Ps5q /hfO{ ug{ r'lsPnf ls eGg] /Gsf]df
ljb|f]xLsf] dd{ a'‰g' t sxfF xf] sxfF
dfgjtfsf] wd{ ;Demg' t sxfF xf] sxfF
nfU5g\ e'6\g ltgnfO{ ds} e'6] ;/L
;s] e'6\5g\ PSn} g;s] xf/ u'xf/} u/L .

cfˆgf] kIfdf n8\g]] jf jftfj/0f agfO{ lbg] eP
Sof jft\ :jtGqtfsf ;]gfgL qmflGtsf/L
t/ gfO{s]sf st{'t lj?4 p7]sf xftx? eP
jbdf; ltdL ljWj+; drfpg] cftÍsf/L
cfxf Sof uhj 5]kf/] gLlt agfP5f},
j';, ltdL / ltd|f k|hftGqsf 7]Ss]bf/x?n]

sf];f]ef]df zflGt :yfkgf ug]{ afxgfdf xf];\ jf
tflnjfg ;/sf/nfO{ ckb:t ug]{ gfpFdf
h}ljs xltof/sf] afxgfdf ;2fdsf] d[To'b08 xf];\ jf
;2fd ;/sf/sf] ktgsf nflu xf];\
tL b]zx?df dRrfOPsf ljWj+; / g/;+xf/
zflGtsf gfpFdf s'g} xfntdf If]Do x'g ;Sb}g\ .

j';, ltdL clxn] ;j{zlQm ;DkGg /fi6"sf
/ ;j{zlQm ;DkGg hgtfsf /fi6"klt 5f} /
ltd|f ;a} st'{tx? zflGtsfdL ag]sf 5g\
To;}n] t ltdL zflGt b"t ;/L 5f}
clg t ltd|f ;~rf/ b"taf6 hohosf/ ;'G5f}
/ :j3f]lift ljZjzflGt jfxs ag]sf] 7fGGb5f} .

;f+Rr} zflGtsfdL cd]l/sL hgtfx? xf] Û
;+;f/ ultzLn 5, tkfO{x?nfO{ yfx 5,
;dosf] x'/Ln] s;nfO{ sxfF k'¥ofp5, Tof] klg t yfx 5,
To;}n] ;dod} cftÍjfbnfO{ k/f:t ug{' 5 eg]
;+;f/s} 7"nf cftÍsf/L dWo]sf Ps, a';nfO{
Gofosf] s73/f leq pEofpg'xf];\ /
cftÍjfbnfO{ k/f:t ug{ Pp6f sf];] 9'Ëf agfpg'xf];\
cfˆgf] ;Rrf k|hftGqsf] k|of]u u/]/ b]vfpg'xf];\
cGoyf, s'g} o'udf cd]l/sf klg O/fs aGg s] a]/
cd]l/sf klg O/fs aGg s] a]/ ..

@)^! sf] xflb{s z'esfdgf

ljho pkfWofo
clk|n !@, @))$

wGojfb 5 xfd|f d'6'x?nfO{
hf] ljutsf #!, %#^, ))) ;]s]G8df
cljl5Gg ?kn] #&, *$#, ))) k6s w8s]
Ps If0f klg g;':tfO, xfldnfO{ lhjt /fv] .

d'6'sf] oqf] d]x]gtnfO{ xfdLn] kmf]s6d} p8fof}
lsgls Ps ltxfO ;do t ;'t]/} latfof}
s] u-of}F xfdLn], hlt;'s} avfg u/f}+
;a eGbf w]/} k6s t zf}rfno wfof}+ .

oL d'6'n] s] kfP < xfdLn] s] kfof}+ <
o:tf k/fqmdL d'6' lnP/ cf-cfˆgf] cGTo klxNofpFb} 5f} .
sfn, xfd|f] ;dofjlw ;dflKtsf] k|ltIffdf 5 ,
xfdL emg emg p;sf] glhs k'Ub} 5f} .

clGtd nIflt/ n+sbfsf] ;xofqL, @)^)
ca ljbf lnb}5 xfldaf6 ljbf @)^) ljbf=======
:jut 5 @)^! NfO{, hf] ca tTk/ 5 xfd|f] ;fy lbg
:jfut @)^! xflb{s z'e cfudg .

@)^! sf] klxnf] ljxfgL ;+u}
;d'Ggltsf] Hof]tL km}lnof];\
;'v, zflGt / ;+j[4L ;'ne jgf];
z'e sfdgf gj jif{ @)^! sf] .

/Tg k|hfklt
clk|n !@, @))$

cfFv}cfFvfsf] slt dL7f] aft eof]
Psn] csf]{nfO{ x]bf{x]b}{ /ft uof] .

>[+uf/ /fd|f] xf] ls pgsf] d'xf/ /fd|f] xf]
km"n /fd|f] xf] ls km"nsf] axf/ /fd|f] xf]
s] u¿F s;f] u¿F dg cndn eof]
Psn] csf]{nfO{ x]bf{x]b}{ /ft uof] .

;fob d]/f] cfFvfdf s]xL Ozf/f lyof]
pgsf] cfFvfdf p:t} dL7f] k'sf/ lyof]
a'em]/ klg ;a} s'/f ga'em]em}+ eof]
Psn] csf]{nfO{ x]bf{x]b}{ /ft uof] .

5ftLel/ efjgfsf 5fn / t/Ëx¿
kfOnf 8udufpg] v'zL / pdËx¿
dgsf ;f/f s'/fx¿ dg}leq /Xof]
Psn] csf]{nfO{ x]bf{x]b}{ /ft uof] .

ratna@kcm.edu.np

v} s] n]v'+

Clif/fh n'D;fnL
clk|n !!, @))$
! a};fv @)^!, dx]Gb|gu/ sGrgk'/

cfh ef]nL w]/} ;fyLx? cfu|x ug'{ x'G5,
n'+;fnLhL n]v k7fO lbg'xf];\ / n]Vb} klg ug'{xf];\ x} eg]/ .

s;}sf] cfu|x /fhg}lts l6Kk0fL n]Vg] tkm{ 5 ,
t , s]xL ;fyLx? daf6 rf]l6nf slatfx? rfxg' x'G5 .
clg s]xL ufosx?n] uLt n]Vg klg eGb} x'g'x'G5 eg]
sltko Pg\ hL\ cf] x?n] t cfhef]nL,
k|kf]hn n]vL lbg klg dnfO cfu|x ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ .

clg d slxn] sf+xL o;f] 3f]lTnG5', !
s] d ;f+Rr} n]vss} lsQfdf k'uL ;s]+ t ?
s] d}n] sf]/]sf x/kmx?nfO dflg;x? jf:tad} k9\g ?rfp+5g\ t ?
olb ;f+Rr} o:t] xf] eg] t ddfly 7"n} ;d:of cfO kg]{ eof] !
dflg;x?n] daf6 u/]sf ck]Iffx? ck"/} eP/ 6g]{ eof] !

lsg ls d]/f] larf/df t,
cfhef]nL dflg;x? n]v / slatf eGbf klg
k|]; la1lKtx?nfO a9L Wofgk"a{s k9\g] ub{5g\ .
n]v / /rgfsf] efiffnfO eGbf klg
ad, aGb / aGb"ssf] efiffnfO a9L ;xh ?kdf a'em\g] ub{5g\ .

clg n]Vg a;L g} xfn] klg v} s] r}+ kf] n]Vg] xf] t !
g]kfn} 7Kk kfg]{ g]kfnaGbsf k|of;x? af/] n]vf}+ ls clegGbgsf] pNnf; af/] n]vf}+ ?
a]/f]huf/ o'afx?sf] lab]z knfog af/] n]vf}+ ls gfO6lehgsf] p8fgaf/] n]vf}+ ?
lgsf;L eO /x]sf r]nLx?af/] n]vf}+ ls k}7f/L eO /x]sf /fOkmnx?af/] n]vf}+ ?
;'/Iffkmf}hsf] d'7e]8af/] n]vf}+ ls g]tfx?sf] lab]zL u7hf]8af/] n]vf}+ ?

v} s] n]vf}+ s] n]vf}+ ;fyLx?xf] !
slxn]sf+xL t nfU5,,
lautdf k|e'x?af6 dxfk|e'x?nfO ;'lDkO ;lsPsf, sf]zL, u08sL / dxfsfnLaf/] n]vf}+ !
clg ev{/} ;'lDkg nfluPsf klZrd ;]tL, ck/ s0ff{nL / a"9L u08saf/] n]vf}+ !
ls+ jf, clezfksf] kvf{n agL 7l8O/x]sf, dxnL;fu/, v'b{nf]6g / nId0fk'/af/] n]vf}+ !
clg st} k"a{;f+;bx?n] vfO-krfO;s]sf kh]/f] / k]G;gaf/] kf] n]vf}+ ls ?
la3l6t k|ltlglw;efsf] sGtlahf]u / clgaf{lrt;Qfsf] at{dfg xfnLd'xfnLaf/] n]vf}+ !

;f+Rr} n]Vg] laifox? t y'k|} g} kf] /x]5g\ !
t/ d]/f] sndnfO eg] cem} hf+u/} rnL/x]sf] 5}g .
dnfO stf stf nfuL /x]5 !
lbg k|ltlbg pnL{/x]sf] /Qm;fu/n] g]kfnL wtL{df l;+uf] Oltxf; n]vL /x]sf] a]nf !
hfaf] d]/f] snd d;Lsf] efiffaf6 s] g} kf] yk n]Vg ;lsPnf / ?
dfq Oltxf;sf] Aofh vfP/ at{dfgsf] cf+vLem\ofndf lrxfg]{x?af6,
l;+uf] g]kfnL elaiosf] Sofgef;nfO slt g} kf] ;hLa 9+uaf6 b]Vg ;lsPnf / ?

To;}n] ;fyLx?xf] !
n'+;fnLnfO ca c? yk n]Vg] cfu|x ug}{ 5f]8f}+ !
a? clxn]nfO gof+aif{ @)^! sf] cleafbg / z'esfdgf dfq hf]8f}+ ! !

b'O{ d'Qms

8f= z}n]z e08f/L
clk|n !), @))$

e|d
dfof 5}g eG5f} eg]
;kgLdf lsg cfof} t,
;kgf t d]/f] e|d xf] eGnfp
t/ cfFvf h'Wwf ls nhfof} t ..

em:sf]
slxn] slxn] 6f]nfP/ a:5'
lsgsL ltd|f] ;+emgf cfpF5,
ltd|f] d'xf/ t d}n] la;L{ ;s]+
ltd|f] gSsnL k|]dsf] hLjGt clegon]
cfh;Dd em:sfpF5 ...

zfZjt k/fh'nL
j'8la|h, elh{lgof, clk|n !), @))$

gb]v]sf] w]/} eof] cfFvfn] b]v'F eG5
ge]6]sf] w]/} eof] dgn] e]6'F eG5

x/]s knf ;f6]/ v';L /dfPs} xf]
;xf/f dfuL ltdLn] xft ;dfPs} xf]
gx]/]sf] w]/} eof] cGt/n] x]?F eG5
ge]6]sf] w]/} eof] dgn] e]6'F eG5

Pp6f syf a'g]/ d}n] ;hfPs} xf]
k|Lltsf s'/f ;'g]/ ltdL nhfPs} xf]
gn]v]sf] csf]{ syf d'6'n] n]v'F eG5
ge]6]sf] w]/} eof] dgn] e]6'F eG5 .
saswat33@yahoo.com

lzIfs sf] x'g\ <

efjgf lg/f}nf
clk|n !), @))$

lzIfs sf] x'g\ <
lzIfs Ps /lj ;/x x'g\ .
c1fgtf?kL 3f]/ cGwsf/df ;'tL/x]sf]
of] ljZjnfO{ 1fg?kL k|sfz 5l/lbg]
c1fgLnfO{ kmsfO kmsfO
1fgL ljåfg agfO{ lbg] .

lzIfs sf] x'g\ <
lzIfs Ps rGbg x'g\ .
cfkm' 3f]6LP/ gi6 eP/
c?sf] nnf6df Ps ;f]efodfg 6Lsf] alglbg]
cfkm' x/fP/ lanfP/
c?sf] lglDt 1fg vf]lhlbg]

lzIfs sf] x'g\ <
lzIfs Ps lbof] ;/x x'g\ .
cfkm' gi6eP/ klg
c?sf] lglDt hlnlbg]
cfkm' 5]pdf cWof/f] /fv]/ klg
c?sf] lglDt k|sfz 5l/lbg] .
cfkm' Ps 7fpFdf a;]/,
c?nfO{ nIodf k'¥ofOlbg]
cfkm' yf]qf] eP/ klg
c?nfO{ gofF hLjg lbg] .

lzIfs sf] x'g\ <
ca w]/} s] eg'F,
;f/f ljZjdf cGwsf/ x6fP/
1fg?kL k|sfz 5l/lbg]
dfu{ lgb]{z ug{df cu|;/ alglbg]
cfkm' 3fddf tfltP/
c?nfO{ lztntf lbg]
1fgsf k'hf/L, dfofsf] e08f/,
ddtfsf] ;fu/, Ifdfsf vfgL
oL g} x'g\ xfd|f lzIfs dxf1fgL .

;kgLdf cfpg ;S5'

z}n]Gb| a:g]t
sfFu]n-^ , ;f]n'v'Da', clk|n !), @))$

slxn]sflx ;kgLdf
ltdL;Fu} ,ltd|f] c+ufnf]df
afFlwPsf] klg x'g;S5' d
/ ltdL;Fu}
xfFl;/x]sf] / v'zL afFl8/x]sf] klg x'g;S5'
t/ ltdL tl;{P/ slxNo} gAoJo'Femg'
cfwf lgb|fd}, cfwf /ftd}
/ laut ;lDemP/ slxNo} g?g' klg .
ltdLnfO{ yfxf 5
d t s]jn uf]nLn] p8fO;s]sf] nfz
/ ltd|f] afFsL ;Demgf dfq} x'F
To;}n] d
ltdLnfO{ ltd|f] ;kgfel/ ;fy lbg ;S5'
t/ Ao'FlemP/ slxNo} kZrftfk gug'{
d ltd|f] ;kgfel/ ;Fu} /lxlbg ;S5'
t/ Ao'FlemP/ cfFz' gv;fNg' ltdLn] .
slxn]sflx ;kgLdf
ltdL;Fu} ltd|f] cFufnf]df
aflwPsf] klg x'g;S5' d ,
ltd|f] x[bodf 5fFof ag]/ cfpg ;S5' d
xfjf eP/ cfpg ;S5'
;Demgf ag]/ cfpg ;S5'
/ ;kgf ag]/ klg cfpg ;S5'
t/ ltdLn] h] ag]/ cfPsf] ;Dem] klg x'G5
ltdLn] dnfO{ h] ag]/ cfPsf] ;Dem
h] h] ag]/ cfP klg
d ltd|f] clttsf] jf:tljstf
/ jt{dfgsf] ;kgf xF' s]jn .
To;}n] ltdL dnfO{ h] ;Dem
ltd|f nflu
lhpFbf] laut / d/]sf] jt{dfg x'F d
t/ cem} klg d
;kgLdf cfP/
ltdLnfO{ ;'D;'Dofpg ;S5'
r'Dg ;S5' cf]7x?df
/ v]nfpg ;S5' s]zx?
lsgsL slxn]sflx
d ltd|f] ;kgfdf
ltdLn] rfx]/ klg cfpg ;S5'
/ grfx]/ klg cfpg ;S5' .
;kgLd} ltdLnfO{ d
PsfGt kf/]/
lh:sfpg klg ;S5'
ltd|f] Ps knsf] ;kgLdf
cyjf k'/f /ftel/
slxn]sflx d h] klg ug{ ;S5'
t/ ltd|f] d'6'df lr/f kf/]/
5'l§Psf] / ;bfsf nflu lanfPsf] d
d o;}ul/ dfq} cfpg ;S5' .
ca la;{b} hfg' ltdLn] clttsf lttf knx?
/ sf]b}{ hfg' eljZosf ;'Gb/ lrqx?
s]jn ca ltdLn] dnfO{
kfpg]5f} ltd|f] ;kgLdf
t/ laxfg Jo'lemPkl5
Tof] ;kgf ;lDemP/
slxNo} dg gb'vfpg' ltdLn]
a;\ dnfO{ lal;{PlbPk'U5
ltd|f] v'zLsf] nflu .
d lhpbf] cltt / ;lsPsf] jt{dfgdf
ltd|f] dgleq /x]sf] ememNs]f dfq} xF'
s]jn ememNsf] dfq x'F
shailendraji@hotmail.com

lsg n]Vg] sljtf

u'0f/fh d'Qmfg -lzv/k'/] sfG5f]_
cfjfh ;d"x g]kfn, sf7df8f}+, clk|n )(, @))$

hLjg g} d]/f] sljtf xf]
sljt} vfG5', sljt} nfpF5'
sljt}df lxF8\5' , sljt}df ;'T5'
clg sljt}df Jo'lemG5' .

P Û kf7s xf] d]/f] hLjg g} k9] x'Gg / Û
s;}n] n]Vnf kfv]sf] hLGbuL
:jod\ d cfkm} kfv] x'F
s;}n] n]Vnf el/ofsf] a]yf
:jod\ d cfkm}+ 9fqm] x'F

s;}n] n]Vnf vft]sf] hLjg
;8sdf ;w}+ af; 5 d]/f]
s;}n] n]Vnf cgy{ hLjg
hLjg lhpFbf] nf; xf] d]/f] ..

d]/f] b]zsf] xfnva/

ntf uf}td
SoflDa|h, a]nfot, clk|n )(, @))$

cfkm\gf JolQmut :jfy{n] egf}+ of
cj;/ vf]hLsf] nfnrfn] egf}+
of t hLjgsf ljjztf / jfWotfx?n] egf}+
;ft ;d'b|kf/ k|jf;df /xFbf
dft[e"ldsf] cgfof; ememNsf] cfO/xG5 .
clg Jo:t lbgrof{ afah"b Ifl0fs km';{bdf klg
xQkQ OG6/g]6sf] ;Ghfnleq l5/]/
d]/f] a]xfn / a]va/ b]zsf] xfnva/ a'em\g] k|of; u5'{ d .

xTof, lx+;f / cftÍsf >[+vnfx?,
a'6, nf7L / aGb's rnfOPsf ;dfrf/x?,
clg x8tfn, gfsfaGbL / g]kfn aGbsf cfXjfgx?
cfhsf tfhf va/ ag]/ el/Psf5g\ cvaf/sf k|To]s k[i7x? .

k9\b} hfG5' -
xhf/f}+ ;Gtfgx?sf d[To'sf] c;Xo kL8fdf zf]sfs'n d]/f] b]z
b'lv/x]5 a]hf]8;Fu slxNo} lgsf] gxg] cfnf 3fpx? lnP/ .
ck|Tofl;t d[To'n] y'lk|Psf cglulGt nf;x? hn]sf] emnemnL b]v]sf]
Jo:t cfo{3f6 klg ql;t / ulnt dx;'; ul//x]5 crlDdt x'Fb} .

t/ csf]{lt/ eg] -
b]z hln/xbf klg u2Ldf 6fFl;P/ afF;'/L ahfO/xg Jo:t
v} s'g b]zsf] afbzfx h:tf] u/L
zflGtsf] ;xL ;dfwfgdf nfUg' stf xf] stf
dxf/fh eg] lkm/Gt] eP/ clegGbgsf] 9f]Ëdf
b]zsf] 9's'6L l/TofP/ hgefjgf a'em\g] lgxF' u/L
rfs8Lafhx?n] tof/ kf/]sf] /+uLr+uL dGrsf] Ps s'gfaf6
zflGtsf gfddf Ps hf]8L ;]tf k/]jfx? p8fPsf] gf6s ub}{5g\ /] .

o:tf] b]Vbfb]Vb} klg -
;fe{ef}d;Qf u'Dg nfu]sf] c9fO s/f]8 g]kfnL dWo]sf]
d Ps sdhf]/ gful/s eg]
;8ssf] lsgf/df pleP/ h'n';sf] /ldtf x]g]{ a6'jf em}+
6\jfNn kb}{ d"sbzL{ eP/
;+j]bgf / xTofdf cEo:t ePsf
oL d]/f ls+st{Joljd"9 cfFvfx? lnP/
a;\ ToxL cvaf/sf kfgfx?nfO{
cf]N6fO{ kN6fO{ x]g{ dfq afWo 5' .
l.gautam@apu.ac.uk

dfofn' zAbx?

gu]g O{ªgfd
clk|n )(, @))$

:jo\ cfkm"nfO{ r6Ss\ e'n]klg
ltdLnfO{ s;/L d e'Ng ;S5' /
ljjztfx?sf sf/0f xfdL TofluP klg
ltdLn] lbPsf ;f}uftx? sxfF TofUg ;S5' / .

lj5f]8\ / ljof]usf kL8fx? cf]n{b} uPklg
;Demgfsf 3fpx?n] 5ftL kf]nL g} /xG5g\
b[lgofFnfO{ 5nL of] cfGt/Ls gftf tf]l8P klg
b"O{ cfTdfsf] c6'6 aGwgnfO{ sxfF tf]8\g ;S5' /

lIflthsf] b"/L clg cg]sf}F b"Mvdf /x] klg
lat]sf lt ;'vb knx? :d[tLdf tfh} 5g\
tL ltd|f d':sfg / cw/sf Gofgf r'Dagx?
s;/L e'Ng] /? 5fltleq n'sfPsf cFsdfnx?

tL ;of}F xfd|f z'esfdgf sf8{ / k|]dsf lrgf]x?
;DxfnL /fv]sf 5g\ r'Db} n]v]sf ;j} k|]dkqx?
s;}sf] 8fx / j|mf]wn] hnfO{, oL vfu eP tfklg
d]l6b}gg x[bosf kfgfdf sf]l/Psf dfofn' zAb
ingnams@hotmail.com

k|hftGqk|lt P]Soj4tf

8f= lji0f' s'df/ lwtfn
Kff6g, clk|n ^, @))$

;dosf] ult;Fu} xfdLn]
w/} k|hftGqx? ef]uL ;Sof}+
w/} k|hftGqx? krfO{ ;Sof}+
Psrf]6L ;Demf}+ g k|hftGqsf tL ?kx?nfO{

@))& ;fn cl3 /f0ff zf;sx?sf] k|hftGq,
& b]lv !& ;fn ;Dd bnx? aLr lvrftfgLsf] k|hftGq,
!& b]lv $^ ;fn ;Dd k~rfotL k|hftGq,
$^ b]lv %( ;Dd ax'blno k|hftGq,
%( b]lv ^) sf] cGt ;Dd cfOk'Ubf b/jf/f]Gd'v cyf{t
k|fljlws ?kn] l36Ll36L dfq ;f; afFsL/x]sf] k|hftGq .

s]xL ;do otf k|hftGq lkmtf{ Nofpg] cfjfh 3lGsbf] 5
of] jf p s'g} ?kdf ;a}sf] dgdf k|hftGq /GsLbf] 5
t/ ca gofF o'usfnflu gofF k|hftGq Nofpg] jf
k'/fg} k|hftGq Jo'tfpg] xf] ;f]Rg' kg]{ ePsf] 5 .

x]/f}+ g xfd|f b'O{ k|hftGqsf :j?knfO,{
klxnf] k~rfotL k|hftGq Û

hxfF hgtfnfO{ af]Ng / ;+u7Lt x'g lbOPg,
lk5l8Psf ju{nfO{ dfly p7\g] jftfj/0f lbOPg\,
a? lj/f]w gug{ Pq-tq gf}6ÍL /rgf /rfO{of],
clg dgk/L sdfpg ;Sg]sfnflu ;fdGtL k|hftGq lbOof] .

clg bf];|f], ax'blno k|hftGq Û

hxfF 9f6\g, 7Ug / 5Ssfpg kfpg],
To;}af6 cs"t ;DklQ y'kfg{ kfpg],
oxfF s;}nfO{ gb]vfpg ljb]zdf ;d]t yGSofpg kfpg],
af]n, af]Ng 5'6 5 eGb} ‰ofnL lk6fpg],
t/ af]Ng ghfGg]x?nfO{ af]Ng l;sfpg] jf
l;Sg cj;/ lbg] xf]O{g a?
jfs-k6' / cjfsnfO{ k|lt:kwf{df le8fO{ lbg] .

sdfO{ 5}g, vfg' 5}g,
slxn] cw{k]6 t slxn] vfnL,
clg ;+u7g agfpg / ;+u7Lt x'g,
uf]i7L, ;ef, ;Dd]ng ;~rfng ug{,
s;/L v'N5 af6f] / s;/L h'6\5 zfx; <
clg sxfF x'G5 clwsf+z hgtfsf] k|hftGq <

xfdLn] k|hftGq t 7"nf ;fgf g]tfx?sf] kf] agfP5f}}+
x'g] vfg] / c?nfO{ cndNofpg ;Sg]x?sf] kf] agfP5f}}+
em'k8Lx?sf nflu ge} b/jf/ / dxnx?sf nflu agfP5f}}+
To:tf] k|hftGqsf] k'gj{xfnL cj km]/L s;sf nflu <

t/ k|hftGq t ckl/xfo{ 5,
PSsfO{;f} ztfAbL k|hftGqs} t x'G5,
k|hftflGqs ;+:sf/ Psdfq} ;+:sf/ cj:o aG5,
o;df clwsfFz g]kfnLsf] ljdtL x'g} ;Sb}g .

t/ To:tf] k|hftGq,
xfd|f] kl/j]z / l;sfO{x?, w/ftlno oyfy{ clg,
;a}n] ;Ddfg k"j{s lhpg kfpg] clwsf/ cg'?k,
clwsf+z ;j{;fwf/0fsf nflu x'g' kb{5,
h:df g]tfx? klg c6fpg ;s'g\
t/ ToxfF s]xL g]tf / ;fdGtx? gc6fpg klg ;S5g\ .

kl/ro x/fPsf] d]/f] b]z / d

Kff]if]Gb| ;Tofn k|eft
SoflDa|h, o"= s]=, clk|n ^, @))$

zflGtsf cu|b't hGd]sf] b]z d]/} xf] eGb}
ljb]zL ;fd' slt k"mOF nufpb} lx8\y+] d .
cfh ToxL d]/f] b]z czflGtsf] Hjf/ef6fdf xf]ldPsf] 5 .
;]tf k/]jfx? / 8fFkm] p8\g] cfsfz
d]/} b]zsf] xf] eg]/ ;a}nfO{ lrgfpg] uy]{+ .
ToxL cfsfzdf ca lu4, lrnafh /
gfO6 lehgx?dfq p8\g yfn]sf 5g\ .

ljZjsf] pRr lzv/ ;u/dfyfsf] sfvdf /x]sf]
ToxL g} xf] d]/f] b]z eg]/ lrgfpb} lx8\g] uy+]{ .
d]/f] b]z eg] d}n]] h] eGg] uy+]{ To;sf] ljkl/t
cem tntn lub}{ uO/x]5 .
;b}j cfkm\gf ;]tf bfFtx? b]vfpb} xfF:g] lxdfnx? ePsf]
ljgf ;d'b|sf] e"kl/a]li6t\ ToxL xf] d]/f] b]z eg]/ lrgfpb} lx8\g] uy]{+ .
cfh ToxL d]/f] b]z cfFz'sf] dxf;fu/df 8'a]sf] 5 .

/ftf] nfnLu'/fF; kmqmSs km"n]/ 9flsPsf sfGnfx? b]vfpb}
pm ToxL xf] d]/f] b]z eg]/ lrgfpFy]+ .
ToxL sfGnfd'lgsf] ufpF cfh /utsf] cfxfnn] /QmfDo ePsf] 5 .

jL/ uf]vf{nLsf] Oltxf; ;'gfpFb}
c+u|]h;Fu gfnfkfgLdf s;/L n8] d]/f k'vf{x?n] eGg] uy]{ .
t/ cfh d]/f] b]zdf ToxL uf]vf{nLsf ;Gtfg\x?n]
slt ;lhn} b]zsf sfnfkfgLx? 5f]l8lbPsf 5g\ c?nfO{ .
ljZj zflGtsf nflu eg]/ d]/f uf]vf{nL aGw'x?
s;/L nl8lbO/x]]5g\ c?sf lglDt eGb}
pgsf jL/ufyfx? ;'gfpy+] .
t/ cfh d]/} b]zdf zflGtsf nflu rflx+ nl8lbG5 s;n] <

;Ltf / e[s'6Lsf] dfOtL d]/} b]zdf
cfh xhf/f}+ ;Ltf / e[s'6Lx? rflx+
s]lag /]:6'/]G6 / d;fh kfn{/x?df
a]Rb}5g\ cfkm\gf] sf}dfo{ slno'usf /fdx?nfO{ .
clg d]/f] d'n'sdf eg] n+sfsf /fj0fx?sf] /hfOF rln/x]5 .
s;/L lrgfpmF d ca < hgsn] /fHo u/]sf]] b]z d]/} xf] eg]/ .

cgfof; cfkm\g} b]zsf] klxrfg clg d]/} cl:tTj
PsfPs st} x/fP h:tf] efg x'G5 .
v} s;/L lrgfpmF d d]/f] b]znfO{ <
clg d]/} b]znfO{ lrgfpg ;lsg eg]
d cfkm}+nfO{ s;/L lrgfpF5' <

poshendra@onetel.net.uk

lzlz/ zdf{
;Nofgsf]6 %, wflbª\ . xfn dgd}h' !, sf7df8f}+ , clk|n ^, @))$

uugaf6 cf]ln{P/ rGb|dfn] p;nfO{ x]/]
nhfpFbf s:tL /fd|L nhfP/} cfFvf t/L .
lsgf/fdf 6f]nfP/ gbLlt/ x]b}{ lyO{
gbL cfO{ kfp 5f]of] ;/d dfGb} k/ ;/L .

lxdfnn] p;nfO{ x]/L lsg xf]nf lv:; xFf:of]
nfh} krfO{ lxdfnnfO{ kf] luHofP/ ug{' u/L .
s;}nfO{ dg lbOg dnfO{ rflx+ kvL{ eGyL+
r]kf/] kf] kl/5 t s:tL df]/L gsRr/L .

;'dg kf]v/]n
clk|n ^, @))$

5l/P/ ;+w}el/ 6'qmf 6'qmf afFr]
u'bL st} yGSofP/ af]s|f af]s|f afFr]

p8\g vf]H5 dg dfly dfly cfsfzdf
/x/ ;+w} aUg vf]H5 l;+uf] atf;df
t/ 6'S|ofO{ hLjgnfO{ rf]O6f rf]O6f afFr]
5l/P/ ;w}el/ 6'qmf 6'qmf afFr]+

x[bosf] pGd'lQmsf] lyof] 7"nf] cfzf
jl/kl/ t/ ;+w} lgoltsf] kf;f
u'lD;P/ cfkm}+leq leq leq afFr]+

8L;Ldf l;l4r/0fnfO{ ;+emg]

jfl;+ª6g 8L;L
clk|n ^, @))$

cGt/f{li6|o ;flxTo ;dfh jfl;+ª6g 8L;L zfvfn] oxL cfpFbf] d] @# tfl/vsf lbg o'u slj l;l4r/0f >]i7sf] hGd holGt dgfpg] ePsf] 5 .
o'u slj l;l4r/0fsf] hGdholGt dgfpgsf nflu zfvfsf ;efklt df]xg l;6f}nfsf] cWoIftfdf af;' >]i7, uf]ljGb lu/L k|]/0ff, ;Ltf /]UdL / zfZjt k/fh'nL ;b:o /xg] u/L Ps pk;ldlt u7g ul/Psf] s'/f cg];f; 8L;L zfvfn] Ps lj1lKt k|sflzt u/L hfgsf/L u/fPsf] 5 .
ut cfOtaf/ ;DkGg pQm zfvfsf] a}7sdf ;flxTosf/ jf;' kf;fsf] xfn} dfq c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df pxfFsf] cfTdfsf] lr/ zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ Ps ldg]6 df}gwf/0f klg ul/Psf] lyof] .

cg];f; Sofgf8fdf
o;}u/L g]kfnL efiff, ;flxTo / ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g tyf ljsf; u/L o;nfO{ cem ;d'Ggt Pj+ Jofks agfpg] tkm{ cu|;/ x'g] nIo /fVb} cGt/f{li6|o ;flxTo ;dfhsf] Sofgf8fdf klg Ps zfvf lj:tf/ ul/Psf] hfgsf/L Sofgf8fl:yt cf]6fjf zfvfsf ;efklt ;'/]g pk|]tLn] Ps k|]; lj1lKtdfkm{t\ hfgsf/L u/fPsf 5g\ . pQm zfvfsf] cWoIf, pkfWofIf, ;lrj, ;x;lrj / sf]iffWoIfdf qmdzM ;'/]g pk|]tL, sfnLbf; ;'j]bL, k'is/ kf]v/]n, s]z/ yfkf / e/ta+zL r'8fn /xg'ePsf] 5 .
pQm zfvfsf] ;Nnfxfsf/dfdf eg] /fwf a:g]t / rGb| /fO{ /xg'ePsf] 5 .

:jlKgn :d[lt
clk|n )%, @))$

dlb/fn] kL/ /]6\of], kL/ g} z]if nfU5
lkpg'eGbf el§leq ?g' g} a]; nfU5

km"nn]ÚgL 3f]R5 a/} sfF8f t emg\ cwdL{
cefuLnfO{ htf uof] pt} 7]; nfU5

dge/L km}lnPsf] lgl:;d 5 e"uf]n
hxfF 6]S5' ToxL+ dnfO{ cfˆg} b]z nfU5

g+Uofpg], gf+lug] df]x a9\b}5 ;j{q
…:jlKgnÚsf] gf+uf]kg ;'Gb/ e]if nfU5
swapnil_smriti2001@yahoo.com

tf/f an]sf] /ft

df]ldnf
clk|n )%, @))$

d]/f] sljtfsf] /f]dflG6s d"R5{gf
of] /ft Û
zAbsf] lsgf/jf6 efu]/, d-
ltd|f jqm/]vfx¿sf] e'd/Ldf km;]sf] 5'
oltv]/ dnfO{
e'd/Lsf] 7f]Ss/ / ulx/fO b'j} Kof/f] nfu]sf] 5
-
zAb;Fu zAbsf] 6Ss/df
s]jn zAbs} cljisf/
k|s[ltsf] zfnLg ljb|f]x
of] /ft
dnfO{ lrqa:tLd} df}g /xg b]pm
-
;dosf] eAo ;':s]/f
of] /ft
st} k'luG5 ls eg]/
d ltd|f] lrqdf
d]/f] r]tgfsf] ljlgld{t sfnf] kxf8 plSn/x]5'
-
lrqsf] if8ª\udf
ltdL sxfFg]/ 5f} Û
kL8fx¿sf] cft;jfhL
of] /ft Û
d, ltd|f] kL8fsf] uGwn]
cf}wL k'nlst 5'
-
b'O{ tf/faLrsf] b"/Ldf
slt kL8fx¿ c6fpg ;S5g\ Û
hLjgeGbf klg lbJo d[To'
of] /ft Û
oxL b"/L dL7f] nfu]sf] 5
-
tf/f an]sf] of] dnfdL /ft Û
ltd|f] k|]dsf] cfsfz km}lng
dnfO{ ltd|} ;dosf] j]Zof x'g] /x/ 5
ltdLh:t}, d
d]/f] ;dosf] …cfp6;fO8/Ú xF'
=================
t/ ;Eotfsf] k|]ddo lj>fd
of] ;fOa/ /ft Û
;Dem]/} cfTdxTofsf] s'/f ug{]5}g
/ft t cflv/
pHofnf]df 5fof k/]sf] g xf] Û
(of] sljtf k|l;4 lrqsf/ vincent van gogh sf] the starry night zLif{ssf] lrqdf cfwfl/t 5 . )
momila_joshi@yahoo.com

ZffZjt k/fh'nL
clk|n )$, @))$

;lDem/xg' PsfGtdf dgsf] e"n eof] ls s;f]
af]lnlbg' Ps} jrg dfofsf] sa'n eof] ls s;f]

/f]O{ /f]O{ cfFvfx? Yffs]sf 5}gg\ slQ
cgdf]n cfF;' klg au]/ kmh'n eof] ls s;f]

dg lyof] v'nf lstfa ;a}n] k9\g ;Sg]
hf]ag t emg\ bf]af6f]df 6fFu]sf] t'n eof] ls s;f]

rfx lyof] ;Fu;Fu} hLjgsf] af6f] lxF8\g]
oxL dL7f] rfx klg em/]sf] k"mn eof] ls s;f]

saswat33@yahoo.com

pm ;xfbt ePsf] va/ ;'Gbf

cf]d zdf{
clk|n )$, @))$

aflx/ rg{ uPsf eu]/fx? cfkm\gf] u'8df PsqLt x'b} lyP . lkkn / ef]u6]sf] af]6df kft gb]lvg] ul/ a:g] e+u]/fx?sf] Tof] lr/lj/fx6sf] b[io g} ToxfF csf]{ x'GYof] . xfdL ;fFemsf] vfgf vfP/ kvf{n j/Lk/L 3'ld/x]sf lyof}+ . ToxL a]nf aflx/af6 gofF cf:yfsf aGbL leq Nofpg nfu]sf] yfxf eof] . xfdL xtf/-xtf/ 9f]sfdf k'Uof}+ . 9f]sfsf] Pp6f ;fgf] Kjfnaf6 lrcfP/ x]¥of}+ . aflx/ xts8L nufPsf em08} cfwf bh{g ;fyLx?nfO{ em'n'Ss b]Vof}+ . To;sf] s]xL If0f kl5 pgLx?nfO{ leq NofOof] . af6}df xfdLn] 7'nf] hLp, d}nf] sk8f nufPsf], $) -$@ aif{sf] nfdf bfx|L ePsf] Pp6f JolQm;+u blx|nf] xft ldnfof}+ . Tof] a]nf s'/fsfgL ug{ kfOPg . h]n /fHosf] leqL k|zf;gn] gfd btf{ u/fP kl5 l6=le= xnsf] rfdn uf]bfddf pxfFnfO{ /fv]sf] ;'Gg] ljlQs} d ToxfF k'u] . km]/L csf]{ rf]6L blx|nf] xft ldnfP .
;fFemsf] vfgf vfP kl5 d}n] Tof] lr/kl/lrt sd/]8nfO{ lu/km\tf/Lsf] af/]df klxnf] k|Zg /fv] . pgn] ;+s6sfn nufPsf] * lbg kl5 ;f+u7lgs sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf l;/fxaf6 nfxg lt/ nfUbf cfkm' klqmPsf] hfgsf/L lbP . d k|Zgsf tftL /fVb} hfGy] ,pgn] To;sf] pQ/ kmsf{py] . ;+s6sfnsf] a]nf kqmfp k/]sf pg dfly l;/fxdf g} oftgfsf aiff{ z'? eP . kqmfp x'g] ljlQs} glhss}sf] Aof/]sdf nu]/ dfgjtf lj/f]wL tflnd lnPsf ;]gfsf] Pp6f em'08n] pgnfO{ /ftel/ oftgf lbof] .
cfFvf 5f]k]/ d+;L/sf] hf8f]df ToxfF pgnfO{ lbPsf] oftgfsf] j0f{g ;'Gbf d]/f hLpsf /f}+ 7f8f x'Gy] . pwf]d'G6f] nufP/ k}tnfdf nufPsf] s/]G6, kmnfdsf 58n] zl//df xfGbf k/]sf c;+Vo 8fd d}n] b]v] . dfgjflwsf/sf] tflnd kfPsf elgPsf qm'/ ;]gfsf] a'6 pgsf] 5ftLdf slt alh|of] . Tof] u0fgf ePg . oftgf hlt a;{GYof] plt pgn] vKb} hfGy] . Tof] PsfGt jf;df pgsf] ;fyL ToxfF sf]xL lyPg, lyof] a;\ dfn]dfjfb / k|r08ky .
oftgfsf j0f{g ;'gfpbf pgn] eGy]- ljrf/nfO{ /fd|f];+u cfTdf;fy u¥of] eg] b'Zdgn] unfpg klg ;Sb}g . ljrf/nfO{ cfTdf;fy ul/Pg eg] ss{nf]sf] 8f+7 h:tf] x'OG5 . pgnfO{ ToxfF unfpg g;lsP kl5 rf/ xft v'§f afFw]/ x]lnsK6/df /flvof] . t/ sxfF nfg] xf] pgnfO{ yfxf lyPg . kl5 NofOP5- sf7df8f}+sf] s'Voft ;}lgs lzlj/ 5fpgL . hxfF e]l6G5- kmfl;jfbL oftgf / xTofsf c;+Vo rfªx? .
cGwsf/ sf]7fdf /fv]/ km]/L pgnfO{ unfpg] k|of; ul/of] . PsfGt sf]7f,lr;f] e'O{df gfË} n8fP/ l;:gf] kflg nufpg yflnof] . l;:gf] kflg nufpFbf klg s]xL s'/f gv'n] kl5 kml/ s/]G6 nufpg yflnof] . bh{gf}+ rf]6L aofg lnOof] . t/ pgL un]gg\, cfkm\gf] cf:yf a]Rg . pgsf] gªdf 3f]lrPsf lkgsf c;+Vo 8f]j cfn} lyP . pgn] x]g]{ xf] zl// eg]/ cfkm\gf] n'uf vf]n] . pgsf zl// leq b]lvGYof] - kml;jfbL ;Qfsf] k|hftGq / dfgjflwsf/sf] c;nL ?k .
oL oftgfsf b:tfj]h ;'gL/xbf hgo'4n] 5}7f}+ aflif{sL dgfpg] lbg glhsLb} lyof] .
Tof] ;f+emsf] s'/fsfgLsf] aL6 ToxL dfl/of] .
lbgx? ljTb} lyP, aflx/ x'g] kmf}hL s/jfxLsf gofF va/n] xfdLNffO{ gofF p4]ngf k}bf uYof]{ . xfdL;+u} rf/ lbjf/ leq a;]/ aflx/ lg:s]kl5 ;xfbt k|fKt x'g]x?sf] af/]df ljxfg a]n'sf 5nkmn x'g] ub{Yof] . xfdLn] hgo'4sf cd/ zxLbnfO{ ;Demg] qmddf kmfu'g @! df ;xLb ;fKtfx dgfcf}+ . Tof] sfo{qmddf ;xLb kl/jf/sf] Pp6f ;b:o / Pp6f h'emf? g]tf ePsfn] pgn] cfkm\gf] ljrf/ /fv] . pgn] lutf/-dfbn lnP/ hgtfnfO{ Ao"emfpg] ofqfdf lx8]sf snfsf/nfO{ cg]sf]6df 3/d} y'g]/ cfuf] nufP/ xTof u/]sf s'/f ;'gfpbf Tof] xn zf]s / cfqmf]zdf 8'j]sf] lyof] . pgn] ToxfF eg]sf lyP- xfdL ef]ln ;xLb x'g ;S5f}+, xfdL hgtfsf] lgDtL d/]/ afFRg' k5{ . lhpFb} d]// afFRg'sf] ;f/ x'b}g .
h'g j:tLdf pgL hGd] Tof] j:tL chDd/L lyof] . ToxfFsf] cfGbf]ng / ;xLbsf af/]df xfdL km';{b x'bf 5nkmn uYof}{+ . l;Sg] / l;sfpg] dfdnfdf pgsf] tl/sf, ;fbf hLjg,ljrf/ d]/f nflu k|]/0ff x'Gy] . km';{b x'g] ljlQs} pgL lutf/ / xfdf]{lgod lnP/ l6=eL= sf]7fdf k'Uy] . clg ufpFy] - k"j{ /ftf] eof], =============
of] cf:yf 9Nb}g ==================
ljxfg a]n'sf ;f+:s[lts cfGbf]ngsf kf6fkIf af/] n]v n]Vy] . pgsf n]vgdf u|fdL0f j:tLsf lrq ;fj{hlgs x'Gy] . o;/L xfdL rf}w dlxgf;+u} a:of}+ . Psn] csf{af6 l;Sg] y'k|} 1fgx? ;f6f ;f6 ub{Yof}+ . pgn] dnfO{ 3r3Rofpy]-hgo'åsf qmddf ;xLb jGg]x?sf af/]df w]/} n]Vg' k5{ . tkfO{x?sf snd ca ;x/df x}g, ufplt/ k'Ug' k5{ . ToxL 5- gofF hLjgsf ;'Gb/ ljxfgL ,;dfrf/sf c;+Vof vflg .
h]naf6 d}n] >4]o s[i0f;]gsf af/]df Pp6f n]v klqsfdf lgsfNbf xg'dfg 9f]sfdf nu]/ b'O{306f xts8L / k§L nufP/ ysf{P kl5 km]/L gofF k'hL{ lbP/ rf/ lbjf/ leq cfpbf dnfO{ pgn] eg]sf lyP- wDsL / oftgfaf6 aRg kqsf/n] snd aGb u¥of] eg] kqsf/ afFr]sf] cy{ s] x'G5 < pgsf tL egfO{n] cfh klg d]/f sndnfO{ ltvf/L /x]sf] 5 .
o'4lj/fd ePkl5 d ;jf]{Rrsf] cfb]zdf 5'6]+ . 5'6] kl5sf lbgdf klg d h]ndf ;fyLx?nfO{ e]6\g k'Uy]+ . /, pxfFnfO{ e]6\g gkfP klg klqsf 5f]8]/ cfpy] . kl5 pxfF klg ;jf]{Rrsf] cfb]zaf6 l/xf x'g'eof] . sfds} Jo:ttfsf aLrdf ;jf]{Rr cbfnts} u]6df e]6]/ xfdLn];+u} rf/ 306f latfof}+ .
o'4n] ef]ln xfdLnfO{ h'g 7fpdf k'¥ofP klg, xfdL hgtfsf] c;n l;kfxL ag'Gh]n e]6 x'g]5 . pgn] Tof] a]nf eg]sf lyP- tkfO{ sndaf6 hgtfsf] d'lQmsf ;dfrf/ n]Vg' xf]nf . d ufpFaf6 tkfO{x?nfO{ d'lQm o'4sf va/ k7fpFnf . pgsf] / d]/f] clGtd e]6 a}zfv cGTolt/ eof] . To;kl5 pxfF cfkm\gf] sfo{ If]q lt/ nfUg'eof] . d sndsf] l;kfxL jg]/ klZrd lt/ nfu] .
dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xLx?n] cl3 ;f/]sf dfu k'/f ug{ k'/fgf] ;Qfn] gdfg] kl5 o'4 lj/fd e+u eof] . o'4 lj/fd e+u kl5 cfwf/ If]qdf 3'Dg] / hgtfsf va/ aflx/ Nofpg] clek|fon] d / Clifn] klZrd g]kfnsf ljs6 7fpFsf] ofqf z'? u¥of}+ .
ptf h]ndf;+u} rf}w dlxgf ljtfPsf sd/]8 eg] ;u/dfyfsf sfvdf hgtfnfO{ ljrf/n] Ao"emfpb} lxl8/x]sf lyP . h'g lbg d c5fdsf ljs6 ufp+df zfxL ;]gfn] xTof u/]sf ls;fgsf cfkmGthg / oftgf kLl8tsf af/] n]Vb} lyP, ToxL lbg ;f]n'v'Da'sf] ;'Gb/ j:tL, ;u/dfyfsf] sfvdf s'Voft ;]gfn] Tof] sd/]8nfO{ kqmg] ljlQs} xTof u/]sf] vj/ kl5 hgfb]zdf 5flkPsf] b]v]+ . ;udfyfsf]] sfvdf ;fxbft k|fKt ug]{ xf]gfxf/ o'jf g]tf lyP- sdn b]jsf]6f .
pgsf] ;xfbtsf va/n] d]/f cfvf+ /;fP . /, eb|uf]n h]ndf eg]sf s'/f ;Dem]- ;xLbsf af/]df n]Vg' xf]nf x} . cfh tL sd/]8 g} ;xLbsf] k+lQmdf nfda4 ePsf 5g\ . l;Gw'nLsf] cdn] j:tLdf hGd]sf tL hf]bfxfaf6 afr]sf qmflGtsf/Lx?n] l;Sg] k|]/0ff w]/} 5g\ . Tof] chDd/L ufp+ / ;xLb b]jsf]6f d]/f jl/kl/ 3'ld/x]sf 5g\ .
omsharma31@hotmail.com

d]/f] ufp+

w|'j zdf{
:ofª\hf, clk|n )$, @))$

ux|f}+ z'/sf] sfvdf
le/ sfGnf ;fydf
:ju{ h:tf] ufp 5
sfkmn8f8f gfp+ 5

lxd kj{t cf+vfdf
u'/fF; km'N5 kfvfdf
a'sL KofpnL 8Lndf
rf]vf] dfof lbndf

snsn ug]{ cf+lw Tof]
PsfGtsf] ;fyL xf]
lk/ dsf{ la;f{pF5
lbg xf];\ g /ftL xf]

;'/Lnf] :j/ ;'G5' x}
e~Hofªsf] rf}tf/L
kflt r9fO{ b]p/fnL
df+u' sL Ps bf}t/L

sk'/L s k9\y+gL
kfs/L km]b a;]/
3f+; bfp/f uy]{+ x}
v'k]{6f] d s;]/

sxf+sxf+ k'u] ;fyL efO
b'O{ bzssf] cGt/fn
t/ e'Ng uf¥xf] ef]
;'GtnLsf] dfofhfn

ufp+ 3/df vf]Hbf x'g
7'n] sxf+ uf] eg]/
d d'Unfgdf t8\lkG5'
ufp+ kms{g] lbg ug]/

slt ulx/f] dfof Tof]
cfkm\gf] Kof/f] ufp+sf]
n]v k9 ;sL cflv/df
d kms{g] ToxL ufp+ xf]

e"ldut ;kgfx?

gd|tf u'/fufO{+
lkmnf8]lNkmof, cd]l/sf, clk|n )$, @))$

;kgfx? psfnL cf]/fnL u5{g
;fu/÷dxf;fu/ t5{g
vf]h]/ ;lhnf af6fx?
;of}+ sf]z lx8\5g
lx8b} hfFbf
dnfO{ stf stf
gfafns rfxgfx? /f]Pem}+ nfU5 .
6x/f /x/x? lrRofPem+} nfU5
qmdzM d lxl8/x]5'
;g;fg h+un
hxfFaf6
lem;ld;]sf] uLt ufpg] r/fx?
a;fO ;/]em}+ nfU5
pHofnf]sf] pb\3f]if ug{] efn]x?
j;fO ;/]em}+ nfU5
yfxf 5}g
d lsg cfkmg} ;kgfleq tl;{/x]5' .

P Û ljkgfsf ;h{sx?
d lsg ld7f] ;kgf b]Vg ;lSbg
Ps}l5g dfq ePklg
d lsg pGd'Qm xfF;f] xfF:g ;lSbg
s[kof
dnfO dfgl;s oftgfaf6 d'QmL b]p
;f6]/ v'zL ;dfh;Fu
;[hgfsf] uLt ufpg b]pm
dh:t} d]/f w]/} e"ldut ;kgfx? 5g\
hLjg gePsf Sofgefifx?df
d /+u eg{ rfxG5'
/ftf], kx+nf], xl/of]
;'xfpbf] hLjg e/]/
d d]/} bnfgdf pleofpg rfxG5' .

wd{

xf]d gfy ;'j]bL
j'8la|h, elh{lgof, clk|n )$, @))$

lg/fzf hLjg xf] o;n] l6Sg l;sfpF5,
wd{/fh dxfbz{ xf] o;n] laSg l;sfpF5 .

bLg b'MvL otf n8\5g\, k'hf/Ln] 8sfb{5,
wd{ tf ToxL xf] h:n] dfG5] jln r9fp"5 .

t]nclaa afu\8f8 dfG5] lgld{t eoÍ/,
wd{ x'g\ x'g tf cfh v/fgL kf] ugfp"5 .

O/fs ckmuflg:tfg}sf ;Qf ;f}Gbo{ vflt/,
/fi6"nfO{ bafP/ cd]l/sf kmx/fp"5 .

lxGb" d'l:ndsf] kmf6f], kmf]6f] xf] sd{sfG8sf],
lqmlZrog clg d'lZnd sf6df/ u/fp"5 .

lhhLljiff s'g}df 5, s'g}sf] k|e" sfdgf,
ljeLlifsf ;a}df 5, leGgtf wd{ Nofp"5 .

wd{n] wldnf] kfgL emg\ wldnf] agfp"5,
u'l/Nnfx?sf] o'4 a'4df 56k6fp"5 .

gf/f hLagsf] lbG5g\ /fh u5{g\ wgLx?,
wd{sf] gfddf 3'; dfgL 6Lsf oL nfpF5g\ .

wtL{ of}6} ju{ of}6} lsg of] j0f{ leGgtf <
wd{sf] gfdn] ubf{ t]/f] d]/f] u/fpF5 .

gfd 7"nf] 5 kfvG8L wd{sf clwsf/Lsf],
PDa';, ;';fO8 aDa/ wd{n] g} k7fp"5 .

clx+;f k/df] wd{< wdf{Tdf o'4 n8\b5g\,
g}ltstf t st} 5}g a'4df uf]nL 7f]Sb5g\ .

clglR5t o'4

;'/]g pk|]tL
clk|n )$, @))$

cfh /0faxfb'/nfO{ ;+;f/} c+Wof/f] ePh:tf] nfu]sf] 5 . 3/ jflx/ lg:sg] dfG5]x? s:tf] a|Dxf08 km'6\g] u/L 3fd nfu]sf] eG5g\ t/ p;nfO{ cf}+;Lsf] lgZk§ /ftdm+} nfu]sf] 5 . v6\v6\ ub}{ tLa|ultdf sf]7} prfnf+}nf em}+ u/]/ 3'd]sf] l;lnª k+vfsf] xfjfdf klg kl;g} kl;gf ePsf] 5 .
sf]7fsf] Ps s'gfdf 7'nf] df6fsf] 3}nfnfO{ d'vdfq aflx/ b]lvg] u/L kfgL e/]/ afn'jfdf uf8]/ /fv]sf] 5 . kfgL p3fpg] /ftf] hu 3}nfs} d'vdf em'0ofPsf] 5 . 5]pdf @.# j6f lunf;x? 5g\ .
a]nf a]nf v'O{o ub}{ p7\5 / /ftf] hun] 3}nfsf] kfgL p3fP/ dfly p7fP/ wf/faf6 kfgL vfPem} 36\36\ kfgL vfG5 . km]/L v} s] dg nfu]/ xf] em\ofnsf] 5]pdf /fv]sf] l6gsf] afs; vf]N5 . afs;af6 y'k|} kmf]6fx? ePsf] cNjd lgsfN5 . To;nfO{ kN6fpg vf]H5 t/ kN6fp+b}g . cNjdnfO{ afs;dfly /fV5 / b'j} xftn] lgwf/ ;dft]/ cf+vf lrDnG5 . km]/L cf+vf vf]N5 / 3'ld/x]sf] k+vfdf x]/]/ 6f]nfpF5 . p;sf sf]7fdf a:g], O{Gb|, wgaxfb'/ / h;axfb'/ l8p6Ldf lyP . wgaxfb'/ / h;axfb'/ l8p6L ;s]/ sf]7fdf cfP . b'a}n] o'lgkmd{ vf]n]/ em'08\ofP, clg ;fwf kf]zfs nufP/ aflx/ lgl:sP . /0faxfb'/n] s'g} jf:tf klg u/]g . 6fpsf] p7fP/ x]g{ ;d]t x]/]g . h;axfb'/n] wgxfb'/nfO{ x]b}{ c:tL ;Ddsf] af3 h:tf] /0f]nfO{ cfh s] eP5 < To;} leh]sf] Zofn h:tf] nqSs k/]sf] 5 . wgaxfb'/n] p;sf] s'/f ;'g]/ klg g;'g']em} u¥of] . s]lx k|ltlqmof hgfPg . lx+hf] /ftL ePsf] 36gfdf s;}]n] klg gaf]Ng] pbL{ ePsf] lyof] .
b]z leq htf;'s}cfqmd0f / k|Tofqmd0fsf 36\gfx? eO/x]sf lyP . ;j{ ;fwf/0f dfG5]x? bf]xf]/f] df/df k/]/ ct+lst lyP . slt o'jf o'jltx? 3/ ufp+ 5f]8]/ ljb]ztkm{ xf]ld/x]sf lyP . emg bfª\ Aof/]sleq ePsf] csNkgLo, eofgs cfqmd0f kZrft\ ;a} Aof/]sdf ;r]t / t}gfyLsf nflu dflysf] s8f cfb]; lyof] . ;]gf x'g klg klxn] h:tf] ;lhnf] sx+f 5 / < klxnf klxnf t tflnd ;s] kl5 lgoldt 8\o"6L eGbf s]lx gx'g] st} lgdf{0f sfo{ ug'{ k/\of]eg] dfq gq vfg, v]Ng / ;'Tg eGbf s]lx sfd lyPg . n]jgfg zflGt ;]gfdf hfg k/\of] eg] aGb's / adsf] cfjfh ;'Gg kfOg] gq To;} k]G;g kfSg] . lx+hf] /0f axfb'/sf] 8o'6L eG8f/df k/]sf] lyof] . To; AoFf/]ssf ;a} xft xltof/x? To;} leq lyP . @.# lbg cufl8 dfq n+u /]Ghsf nGr/x? cfOk'u]sf lyP . /0faxfb'/sf dgdf cg]s s'/fx? v]ln/x]sf lyP . cl:t dfq g'jfsf]6 ul:tdf ;f]emf s]6fx?sf] cgfxsdf Hofg uof] . t/ To;df d]/f] s] bf]if / < d}n] t vfnL /f+sf] afn]sf dfG5]x? ;fa eg]/ ;]gfgL ljhonfO{ eg]sf] dfq t lyPF . p;n] To;/L a'em\b} ga'emL PS;g P08 kmfo/ eg]/ cfb]z lbg' gx'g] . p;n] cfb]z lbof] xfd|f] kfnf] ds} e'6] h:t} ldl;gugsf] l6|h/ bjfO{of] gL . lar/f Pp6f t d]/f] ;fgf] efOs} pd]/ gf} aif{sf] dfq /x]5 . vf]N;fdf vf8n vg]/ uf8\g] j]nfdf dnfO{ ;f/} g/fd|f] nfUof] . d]/f t cf+vf /;fP/ cfP5g\ . km]/L c?n] b]VnfgsL eg]/ xtf/ xtf/ cf+vf k'5+] .
wGg Hofld/]sf] 36gf r}+ yfxf kfPsf 5}gg\ . xfd|f] u:tL Hofld/] k'Ugf ;fy ufp+sf nf]Ug] dfG5] hlt ;a} a]kQf eOxfn] . To;kl5 t Aof/]s leq kf]l;Psf s]6fx?nfO{ kl/uof] lg ;q . cf7 j6L dlxnfx?nfO{ dfpjfbL sxf+ 5g\ b]vf eg]/ kNnf] vf]N;f ;Dd nu] . sf]lx xNnf u/\of] eg] d5{ eGb} gfos k|jnn] Pp6L @).@@ jif{sL s]6LnfO{ +c+ufnf] df/\of] . b]zdf k|hftGq 5}g, dfgj clwsf/ 5}g eg]/ xft em8\sfPsL dfq s] lyO{, k|jnn] 8\ofd 5ftLd} lg;fgf nufof] . To;kl5 t c? & j6L dlxnfd/] t'No eP r'+ ;Dd u/]gg\ . ;a}sf cf+vfaf6 cf;' alu/x]s]f lyof] . @ 306f kl5 t tL ;a} j]xf]; eO;s]sf lyP . Tof] dg]{ s]6L t cfkm\g} alxgL lbndfof h:t} nfUof] . pd]/ klg p;} ;Fu ldNg] . vf8n klg Tolt ulx/f] gvgL 9'ufn] lsr] . dnfO{ eg] g/fd|f] nfUof] . cfkm\g} alxgLsf] cg'xf/ k6s k6s cf+vfdf cfof] . ;f/} 3/sf] ;Demgf cfof] . Ps dg t ;a}nfO{ Ps} lrxfg kf/]/ cfkm'nfO{ klg l;Wofp+ h:tf] nfUof] . km]l/ s7f]/ d'6' kf/]/ lrTsf/ ;'lg/x]+ . To; kl5 cfkm\g} k]zf k|ltsf] Ufj{, df]x / dxTj ;a} ;lsof] / ceof{lbg t'R5, clg cfkm}+;Fu UnfgL x'g yfNof] . wGg tL dfgjcl3sf/jfbL eGg] 7]psfn] r}+ Tof] s'/f rf+lx yfxf kfPgg\ . gq sqf] v}nf a}nf dlRrg] lyof] . g'jfsf]6sf] sf08n] /ftf/ft ;+v'jf;ef cfpg k/\of] .
oL dfpjfbL eGg] klg slt /x]5g\ < df/]/ klg g;lsg] . emg a9]sf 5g\ a9]sf 5g\ . slxn] s+xf cfqmd0f u5{g\ , slxn] sxfF . oL gof+ xft xltof/ cfPsf] s'/f yfxfkfP eg] t n'6\g cfpg a]/ nfpb}gg\ . bf+uaf6 slt nu] slt . ltg} xltof/n] t hxf+ kfof] Tolx+ cfqmd0f ub}{ 5g\ . slt 7fp+df t kN6g\ leq} dfpjfbL k;]sf 5g\ eG5g\ . x]bf{ ;a} p:t} b]lvG5g\ . s] ul/ lrGg] / < st} n]v]sf] x'b}}g < hflu/ klg efn'sf] sfg g} eof] . vfp+ sltv]/ PDj';df kf/]/ dfnf{g\ eGg] 8/ gvf+p t cfdf, afa', efO alxgL, 3/ vr{ ;fpsf] /L0f s;/L 6fg]{ eGg] lk/nf] .
o:t} s'/f dg dgdf v]nfp+b} P; Pn cf/ bx|f] klS8P/ rf/}lt/ cf+vf 3'dfpb} lyof] . h'g]nL /ft eP klg sfnf] jfbn nfu]/ c+w]/L /ft em+} ePsf] lyof] . kfgL knf{em}+ u/]/ cfsfz u8o+fu u'8'ª ul//x]sf] lyof] . a]nf a]nfdf cfsfzsf] u8\of+u'8'u;Fu} rlDsg] lah'nLn] p;sf] dgnfO{ emg\ lr;f] kfYof]{ . lxdfn lt/af6 cfPsf] lr;f] atf;n] eG8f/sf] 5fgfsf] l6g g} p8fp+nfem+} ub}{ lyof] . cWof+/f]df lkn lkn ub}{ h'gls/Lx? b]vf kb}}{ x/fp+b} lyP .
cln k/lt/ s]lx v:o|fs u/]sf] cfjfh cfof] . p em;+u eP/ P; Pn cf/ t]5\o{fof] . zl//sf /f}+x? 7f8f 7f8f eP . Tof] t lrnfpg]sf ?vdf r/fx? Kf]f 7'+uf 7'+u u/]sf /x]5g\ . p;nfO{ dgdg} xf+; p7\of] . t+ ;f+8]nfO{ pHofnf] dfq x'g t b] t]/f] df;' vfG5' eGof] .
p;nfO{ cfhsf] 5 306f klg aif{ lbg em} nfUb} lyof] . a]nf a]nfdf afof+ xftsf] gfl/df aFfw]sf] 38LnfO{ klg x]b}{ lyof] . of] d'nssf] ;+qf; slxn];Dd /xnf . g eg]sf] a]nfdf 3/ hfg 5'6\6L kfOG5 . 3/ uPsf] a]nf dfpjfbLn] e]6] eg] af+Rg lb+b}gg\ . ufp+sf klg ;a} s]6f hlt dfpjfbL eP /] . o:t} cg]s s'/f /0faxfb'/sf dgdf v]ln/x]sf lyP . e08f/sf] jfof+ lt/sf] af6f]af6 Pp6f cfs[tL p;s} 5]pdf cfO{ k'Ug nfu]sf] /x]5 . p eml:sP/ P; Pn cf/ ;f]em\ofof] / xN6 eg]/ hf]8;Fu lrRofof] . Tof] cfs[lt P /0f] d eGb} emg glhs cfOkUof] . p;n] P; Pn cf/sf] lg;fgfnfO{ cfs[ltsf] tn b]lv dfly ;Dd 3'dfof] . Tof] cfs[lt 8u+ e'OFdf 9Nof] . P; Pn cf/ sf] cfjfhn] Aof/]snfO{ g} cftf+lst agfof] . kmf]s; nfO{6 / 6r{nfO{6x? lnP/ e08f/nfO{ 3]/f xfn] . Pp6f %%.^) aif{sf] cg'xf/ glrlgg] dfG5] /utsf] cfndf 8'a]sf] /x]5 . ;a} ;f]w vf]h x'Fbf, p @ g+ u]6af6 k|j]z u/]sf] aL/ axfb'/ u?ª /x]5 . >LdtL lj/fdL eP/ c:ktfn nfg] vr{ lng cfPsf] /0faxfb/sf] afa' kf] /x]5 .

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