o'4 clezfk xf] ls j/bfg

uf]laGbl;+x /fjt,
6f]/f]G6f], Sofgf8f, h'g )! @))#

:s'nb]lv k9\b} k9fpb} cfPsf]
zL{if{sb]lv cgle1
o'4 clezfk xf] ls j/bfg

dxfef/tsf] o'4 sf}/jsf nflu clezfk lyof] ls
kf08jsf nflu j/bfg
/fdfo0fsf] o'4 /fj0fsf] nflu cle>fk xf] ls
/fdsf nflu j/bfg
v} a'e\mg cem;Dd cgle1 d
o'4 clezfk xf] ls j/bfg

st} o'4n] PsLs/0f u/]sf] 5
st} o'4n] PsLs/0f tf]8]sf] 5
st} wd{sf] gfddf o'4
st} sd{sf] gfddf o'4
v} cy{ a'e\mg cgle1 d
o'4 clezfk xf] ls j/bfg

sf]xL k|hftGqsf] gfddf o'4 n8L /x]5g\
sf]xL :jtGqtfsf] gfddf
st} ;]g o'4 t st} hg o'4
o'4 n8\g] dl//x]sf 5g\
o'4 n8fpg] xfFl;/x]sf 5g\
c;dfKt :jfy{sf] o'4
;fRr} eGof slt cgle1 d
o'4 clezfk xf] ls j/bfg

v8\u tnjf/b]lv c:q;Dd
uf]nL u7\7fb]lv If]Kof:q;Dd
o'4 Ps xltof/ cg]s
dg]{ dfg]{ k/Dk/fsf] v]n
lhTg]nfO{ j/bfg eg' ls xfg]{nfO{ cle>fk
kmut ;Qfsf] v]n dfq xf] ls st} <
v} s;/L eg' d
o'4 clezfk xf] ls j/bfg

P dfG5] Û

sNkgf e§/fO{,
kf6g, h'g )! @))#

P dfG5], of] eL8 / sf]nfxneGbf k/, klg Pp6f ;+;f/ 5
ToxfF dfG5]sf] ;+j]bgf uP/ a'em\g ;S5f} ltdL
ToxfF lg:tfPsf cfsf+Iffx?n] ltd|f] ;fFrf] cfZjf;g dflu/x]sf] 5,
ef}+tfl/Psf cfzfx?n] ltd|f] rf]vf] ljZjf; vf]lh/x]sf] 5,

Ps}l5g, Ps}l5g km''{;b lgsfn]/
hfp t PskN5 ;'lg x]/ tL :j/x?nfO{
hf] sf]nfxn / lrRofx6 eP/ ltd|f] sfgdf u'lGh/x]5g\
clg elg/x]5g\ s] < ltgLx?nfO{ uP/ a'em\g] sf]lzz u/ t

P dfG5], slt afFR5f} cfkm\gf] nflu dffq, of] ;+hfnleq x/fP/ <
slxn]sfxL+ c?sf] nflu lhP/ t x]/, cfTd;Gt'i6L ldN5 ls ltdLnfO{
P dfG5], ltdL c?nfO{ b'Vbf v'zL t ;+w} x'G5f}
t/ PskN6, PskN6 c?sf] b'MvnfO{ cfkm\gf]] b'Mvdf bfFh]/ t x]/, ToxfF st} ;dfgtf kfOG5 ls kL8fsf] <

P dfG5], PSnf] 5' elg slt 9f9; lbG5f} cfkm}+nfO{
PskN6 c?sf] ;xf/f eP/ t x]/
ltd|f] hGdsf] ;fy{stf ToxfF x'g ;S5 ls <
ltd|f] Ps If0fsf] ;fyn] s;}sf] hLjgdf cfzfsf] ls/0f emlNsg ;S5 ls <

P dfG5], ;f]rL x]/ PskN6 eL8dfq ltd|f] ;j{:j xf]Og
of] /+uLg cfj/0fsf] hd36 dfq ltd|f] cl:tTj xf]Og
cnUofp cfkm"nfO{ s]xLa]/ oxfFaf6 clg, clg a'em aflx/L b'lgofFsf] oyfy{ ef]ufO{nfO{
st} ltd|f] ef]ufOdf klg kl/jt{g cfpg ;S5 ls <

7/f{ M jftf{

las|d ;'Aaf
h'g )! @))#

NofP afa'/fdn]
;ft jif{ l5lKkPsf]
jftf{ a||f08sf] gofF 7/f{
/ vGofof] pkTosfdf
x]bf{x]b}{ rf/eGHofª vfN8f]
aftf{ a|f08 /lS;sf] ljzfn kf]v/L aGof]
cft'/ eP kfj/ a|f]s/x?
jftf{ a|f08sf] 7/f{df cfk\mgf] efu vf]Hg
slxn] z+s/ xf]6]nsf]]] af/df
slxn] dxf;lrjsf] a}7s sf]7fdf
hh;n] cfk\mgf] Kofnfdf
afa'/fdsf] 7/f{ kfPgg\
pgLx? cfcfk\mgf 3/, dxn, a+unf
/ PlG6s b/af/sf] sf}l;df a;]/ hNg yfn] .

n x]g'{xf]; Û ;a kf}l8/x]5g\
aftf{-a|f08 /S;Lsf] ljzfn kf]v/Ldf
x'l§6\ofpFem}F cfsfz yfd]sf5' egL 7fGg] ;efklt
:ofnsf h:tf rt'/ sfg ;lxt dxfdGqL
AjfF;f]sf em}F wfl/nf bfFt hl8t cWoIf
uwf krL;L sfo{stf{, efn' h:tf a'l4hLjL
pNn' h:tf ;Nnfxsf/
x'F8f/ h:tf jftf{ k|ltlglwx?
;a kf}l8/x]5g\===
xfdL b]zaf;L s]jn bz{s ePsf5f}+
/ b]lv/x]sf5f}+
kf]v/Ldf d:t 5fnx? x'Gx'gfpFb} p7\b} k5fl/Fb}5g\
/ ;asf cËcËaf6 z/L/ ;d]t aufO{ ;Sof] 7/f{sf] 5fnn]
7/f{-kf]v/Lsf] t/ntfleq cfkm" gflË;s]sf]
kQ} x'bf]/x]g5 kfj/a|f]s/x?nfO{ .

l;+uf] pkTosf Ps tnfp,
oflgls, 7/f{-aftf{n] el/Psf]] tnfpdf
gofF af]]tnsf] k'/fgf] 7/f{ yk] kfFrtn] 3/sf aofn]
x'l§6\ofpFn] uËf-;fu/ lsgf/ agf/;df lk;]sf] efª yKof]
/ ;[hgf eof] d'n'sdf k|r08 sS6]n 7/f{
/ 7/f{ tfGb} n'5\g yfn] o'4lj/fdsf] x\ofs'nf
/ ;tk|ltzt kmf]xf/L bfFtn] rkfpFg yfn]
3/3/df hgtfn] kfn]sf] k/]jfsf e'6'jf .

y'O{Ss Û Sof lgs[i7 logLx?
hlt hlt hgtf cfkt\lakt\df k5{g\
kfj/ a|f]s/x?sf] ;]o/sf] efp a95
/ sf7df8f}+df pgLx?
cfkm" a:g] eAo uf}+ynLsf] u'F8 agfpF5g\
oL kfj/ a||f]s/x?sf nflu
Ps Ps bzsdf
gofF gofF a|f08sf 7/f{ pTkfbsx?
hlGdg' s]an Ps k|s[of /x]5
gq Ps bzskl5 xfnsf afa'/fdn]
s'g afa'/fdsf] 7/f{ lkpFbf] xf]] <

lhTg rfxg]x?nfO{

ljklZj,
sf7df8f}+, h'g )! @))#

oxfF ;a} lhTg]x? / w]/} lhTg rfxg]x?
cS;/ xf5{g\ yfxf gkfOsg}
To;}n] lhTg rfxg]x? Û
Ps k6s xf/]/ t x]/
xfg{df slt dhf 5,
clg ltdL lhTg] t[i0ffnfO{ cfkm}+ x/fO{ lbG5f}
lhT5f} clg ;fRr} lhT5f}
clxn] s]jn e|ddf 5f},
lhtsf] cx+ / e|ddf
Psk6s ;f]r]/ t x]/,
s] lht]sf] 5f} ltdLn] <
To;}n] xf/ Psk6snfO{,
lhTgs} nflu xfl/ b]pm
Tolx lht x'g]5 ltd|f],
hLjgs} pTs[i6 lht ..

;do

emds'df/L l3ld/],
wgs'6f, h'g )! @))#

cr]n ;do /f]ufPsf] 5
pm Vofp6] cg'xf/
lemgf] zl// lnP/
jt{dfgsf] ;+xf/df df}h'b
Ps ;do cfkm"nfO{ lgSs} alnof] 7fGg] pm
clxn] p ;Fusf] zlQm lglv|Psf] 5
;do cfkm}+df lgwf]{ x'Fb}5
;do ;f}efUo vf]l;Psf] o'jtL h:t}
lg3f{t e};s]sf] 5
lsgsL /f]un] cfqmfGt kf/]sf] 5
xfjfsf] /f]u
kfgLsf] /f]u
dfG5]sf] /f]u
Tof] /f]u dfG5]nfO{ ;/]sf] 5
To;}n] t cr]n ;do /f]ufPsf] 5
cr]n ;donfO{ /f]un] ufh]sf] 5

pmgsf] cfFz' s;}n] a'em]gg\

cflzif g]kfn
lj/f6gu/, h'g )! @))#

pm 3'D6f] cf]8L ?G5],
clg cfz' k'R5]
lsgeg] b'lgofFn]
p;sf] cfz' a'em\b}gg\
pm cWofF/f]df hGdL
pm cWofF/f]df x'sL{
b'lgofFn] b]Vg] pHofnf]
p;n] ;kgfdf dfq b]vL
pm /ft};Fu rN5]
pm rGb|dfnfO{ b]V5]
pm lem;ld;] d} p7\5]
;fob\ ;"o{sf] sL/0f
p;n] g} klxn] b]V5]
t/ klg p;sf]
hLjgdf ;w}+ cWof/f] 5
lsgeg]
pm cWof/f]df hGdL
pm cWof/f]d} x'sL{
b'lgofFn] b]Vg] pHofnf]
p;n] ;kgfdf dfq b]vL
pm 3'D6f] cf]8L ?G5]
clg cfF;' k'R5]
lsgeg] b'lgofFn]
p;sf] cfFz' a'em]g
pm cUnf kxf8 b]V5]
t/ km]bd} a:5]
pm gLnf] ;fu/ b]V5]
t/ au/d} /D5]
pm lj/f6 cfsf/ b]V5] t/
cfkm\g} nfhdf n'S5]
lsgeg] p
cWof/f]df hGdL
cWof/f]d} x'sL{
b'lgofFn] b]Vg]
pHofnf] p;n]
;kgLdf dfq b]vL
pm 3'D6f] cf]8L ?G5]
clg cfF;' k'R5]
lsgeg] b'lgofFn] p;sf]
cfF;'sf] d"No a'lemlbPgg\ ..

5f]8 xNsf nf7L rfh{ ug{

zLnf zdf{,
ef]hk'/ d], @(, @))#

xNsf nf7L rfh{ eGb} hgtfsf] xft uf]8f / 9f8 efFRg]
P lgb{oL bfgj xf] <
ltdLx?nfO{ nfh nfUb}g em'6 af]Ng <
s] of] b]zdf 5 cem} k|hftGq <
b]z af]sL lx8\g] /fi6|k|]dL hgtfsf]
v'g vfg] P wf]s]afh xf] .
ltdLx?nfO{ kfk nfUb}g cfkm\g} g]kfnLsf] Hofg lng
Aff]nLsf] ;§fdf uf]nL g} lbG5f} eg]
Dffgj clwsf/sf] jsfnt ug]{ P dxf;o xf]
lsg rflxof] of] ltd|f] lg/+s'z k|hftGq
k+rfotsfnsf] klg af]nfpg] gfd
k+rfotL k|hftGq g} lyof] lg
gfd km]l/g] ljlQs} cfpF5 Sof/
x}g dxf;o ltd|f] k|hftGq <
ljsf;sf] gfddf 9\jfª\ km'Sb} lx8\g] k~rfotL g]tfx? xf]
z}lIfs :t/ psf:gsf nflu cfkm\gf gft]bf/x?nfO{
ljleGg kbdf egf{ ul/lbPsf 5f}
ljleGg cfkmGtx?nfO{ sldzg kfOg] 7fpFdf lbgx'F egf{ ub}{5f}
P ax'bnsf] jsfntdf afFr]sfx? xf]
k~rfotL k4tLsf] l;sf] ub}{ k|hftGqsf] /fd-gfd hK5f} x}g <
s';L{sf] 3d08df k|hftGqsf] gfddf hgtfnfO{
af]nLsf] ;§f uf]nL rnfpg]
P dfgj vf]n cf]9]sf bfgj xf]
eof] ca 5f]8 xNsf nf7L rfh{ ug{ ..

:jKgeËÚ pkGof;

xf]dgfy ;'j]bL
j'8la|h, elh{lgof

…:jKgeËÚ Ú pkGof; Ps sfNklgs pkGof; eP/ klg :ki6 ?kdf JolQ u0fgf ug{ ;lsg] u/L n]lvPsf] pkGof; xf] . o;sf n]vs 8f=xl//fh e§/fO{ ljb|f]xL ?kdf …:jKgeËÚ Údf k]z ePsf 5g\ . vf; u/L b/jf/ / b/jf/df klg /fgLsf] rl/q /fh3fts 5 eGg] s'/f cf}+NofPsf]n] g]kfnsf] b/jf/n] s'g} g s'g} lbg xl//fhdfly 3fts xdnf ug]{5 tfklg of] …:jKgeËÚ pkGof; g]kfnL ;flxTosf] Ps uf}/j xf] .
syfgsM o; pkGof;df slyPsf] / gf}nf} syfgs s]xL klg 5}g . tkfO{ xfdLn] b]v], ;'g] / ef]u]s} s'/f x'g\ . @)$& ;fns} lgb{nLo Joj:yf pN6fpbfsf s'/f x'g\ . xfdLn] b]v] h:tf] klg nfUb}g . xfdLn] ef]u]/ ef]u] h:tf] klg nfUb}g . of] chLjsf] syfgs-l;h{g 8f= xl//fh e§/fO{sf] cf}kGofl;s sNkgfdf ePsf] cdf]3 zlQsf] kl/0ffd xf] . g]kfn dfgj clwsf/ ;+u7gsf cWoIf, :juL{o XifLs]z zfxn] cledtdf cleJoSt u/]sf oL tnsf s'/fn] klg o; s'/fnfO{ cg'df]bg ub{5M æk|hftGq / dfgj clwsf/sf] k|flKtsf lglDt xfd|f] oxfF xfn} ePsf] hg-cfGbf]ngsf ;dsfnLg 36gfx?sf] P]ltxfl;s jf:tljstf jf dd{df slQ cfFr g cfpg] u/L cfGbf]ng;+g ;DjlGwt kfq ljz]if / ef}uf]]lns :yfgx?nfO{ ;d]t sfNklgs ldys jf kf}/fl0fs syfsf] ;'gf}nf hnk k|:t't ul/Psf] /f]rs ;+j]bgzLn syf g} …:jKgeËÚ pkGof; xf] .Æ
kfqM pkGof;sf] kfq rogdf kf}/fl0fs rl/qsf gfd 5fgL 5fgL /flvPsf]n] pkGof;sf] ;dfh ;fRr} e"tnb]lv & xhf/ lkm6 dflysf] of}6f 5'§} ;+;f/ h:tf] nfU5, ;kgf h:tf] nfU5 . Tof] w/tLdf wd{Wjh gfd u/]sf /fhf 5g\ . clUguef{ gfdsL /fgL l5g\ . /fhfsf afh] lqnf]s]Zj/ 5g\ . /fhfsf afa' ah|s]t' 5g\ . s|fu|];sf g]tf e'jg]Zj/ k|;fb 5g\ . clUguef{ Psf]xf]/L, a}dfg hglj/f]wL /fgL x'g\ . wd{Wjh hf]Ol6u|] /fhkf6 yfDg g ;Sg] /fhf x'g\ . lqnf]s]Zj/n] /fhf eP/ klg k|hftGq lbPsf lyP . ah|s]t'n] Tof] k|hftGq n'6]/ lgb{nLo Joj:yf nfb]sf lyP . hglgjf{lrt hgg]tf tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL e'jg]Zj/ k|;fb 5g\, ltgnfO{ ah|s]t'n] ckx/0f u/L y'g]/ larNnL kf/]sf 5g\ . ToxL k/Dk/fnfO{ sfod /fVb} ax'nfxf zfzg rnfpg] /fgL l5g\ . wd{sf] gfddf sfo/ /fhfn] g}ltstfsf] WjfF; lbb} ;Qfaf6 knfog ug{ vf]H5g\ . /fgLn] /fhfnfO{ kfun agfPsL 5 . oL b'O{sf] k[ys\ kfqtf g} /fhkl/jf/nfO{ ;Tofgfzsf] af6f]df ws]N5 .
kl/j]zM of] pkGof; a;fPsf] w/tLdf gu /fHo 5 . To;sf] /fhwfgL dfG8" gfds zx/ 5 . ToxfF kxf8 5g\, kfvfkv]/f 5g\ . To; /fHosf l5d]sL /fHo rLg, Eff/t, g]KFFn / l;lSsd 5g\ . ToxfF b/jf/leq lu/f]xx? 5g\ h;n] b/jf/sf /Iff ug{] 7]sf lnPsf 5g\ . of] /fHo kxf8df 5 / ;a} kxf8L kl/j]z 5 .
p2]ZoM ´u8f / s'/Lltsf] zfzgsf] k/Dk/f / @)$& ;fnlt/sf /fhf /fgLsf] b/jfl/of s'zfzgn] gu /fHo lylrPsf] lyof] / 5 eGg] s'/f cufl8 ;f/]/ @)$& ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngaf6 of] /fhj+z ar] klg ca csf]{ k6s gu/fhdf pynk'yn cfof] eg] ;j{k|yd /fhtGq :jfxf x'g]5 eGGf] s'/f b]vfpg' o;sf] p2]Zo xf] .
efiffM …:jKgeËÚ pkGof;sf] efiffdf pRr :t/sf] 5 . ul/dfdo 5 . dlxdfdo 5 . efjdo 5 . cy{uf}/j 5 . cleJo~hgfTds WjgL 5 . Ps s'zn snfsf/n] s'bL s'bL agfPsf wKk aNnfg\ h:tf cfnÍfl/s jfSo ljGofzn] ;';lHht efiff 5 . olt pRr:t/sf] efiffsf] k|of]u ePsf pkGof; g]kfnL pkGof;df lj/n} kfOPnfg\ . d gd"gf k]z ug{ rfxGg . olb To;f] ug{ yfNg] xf] eg] Ps Ps u/]/ k'/} k':ts p4[t ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . g]kfnL ;flxTosf] pkGof; ljwfdf of] pkGof; of}6f uf}/j xf] .
of] pkGof;df sfNklgs syfgs, sfNklgs kfqx?, sfNklgs kl/j]z 5 eg]/ n]vsn] n]v] klg oL s'g} klg sfNklgs x}gg\ . oL ;a} oyfy{ x'g\ . of] of}6f d"v{n] klg a'em\g ;Sg] s'/f xf] . b/jf/n] o;nfO{ lsg g a'´f]; < x'ax' 5M lqnf]s]Zj/ lqe'jg x'g\ . ah|s]t' dx]Gb| x'g\ . e'jg]Zj/ ljZj]Zj/ x'g\ . wd{Wjh jL/]Gb| x'g\ . clUguef{ P]Zjo{ x'g\ . gu /fHo eg]sf] g]kfn /fHo g} xf] . gu /fHosf] l5d]sL g]kfn xf] eg]sf] t vfnL ;fFrf]nfO{ sfNklgs h:tf] agfpg v]h]sf] dfq xf] . pkGof;sf] dfG8" zx/ sf7df8f}+ g} xf] . of] pkGof;n] @)$& ;fndf g]kfndf ePsf] hg cfGbf]ngsf] If0fdf ePsf] g]kfnsf zfx j+zLo /fhfsf] gf+uf]] lrq / /fgLsf] ljgfzf]Gd'v sf6{'gL r]x/fnfO{ v'nf /+ud~rdf NofP/ 78\ofOlbPsf] 5 . x'g ;S5 /fhf lj/f]wL hgtfn] 8f= xl//fh e§/fO{nfO{ z/0f b]nf t/ g]kfnsf] b/jf/n] eg] pgsf] lhpHofg l5g]/ lng] bfpdf pgnfO{ klv{/x]sf] xf]nf .
8f= xl//fh e§/fO{n] of] pkGof;df -@)$&_ O{=;+=!(() ;fnd} /fh kl/jf/ gfz x'g] s'/f n]v]sf lyP, Tof] ;fnsf] hg cfGbf]ngn] /fhtGqnfO{ x6fP/ /fi6"klt r'Gg] Joj:yfts hfg] sf]lzz u/]sf] eP /fhtGq ToxL a]nfdf gfz x'GYof] . …:jKgeËÚsf n]vsn] b]vfP h:tf] ljgfzf]Gd'v /fhkl/jf/nfO{ 9nfpg] a'l4 g]kfnL hgtf / g]tf s;}df klg cfPg . Tof] kl/jf/sf] t ldlt k'u]sf] s'/f t pkGof;df lj/]Gb| :jod\n] elg/fv]sf lyP . To;sf] nuTt} kl5 cs}{ rf]§fn] cfP/ ;Tofgfz ul/lbof] . of] kSs} klg xl//fhn] u/]sf] t x}g . s'/f p:t} ldNg cfPsf]n] pgnfO{ kSs} cfFvf nfp5g\, o;df s'g} zÍf 5}g . ljj]Ro pkGof;sf n]vs s'g} pu|jfbL sDo'lgi6 t s], sDo'lgi6 g} x}gg\ . pgL t k|hftGqjfbL ljrf/s x'g\ . pgsf] l;h{gf klg k|hftGqf]Gd'v 5 . Ps n]vs :jefj}n] p Ps ljrf/s, Ps bfz{lgs x'G5 . b|i6f ePsf] gftfn] n]vs ;dfhs} lxtsf s'/f p n'sfP/ /fVg ;Sb}g . 8f= xl//fh e§/fO{n] of] pkGof;df @)$& -O{=;+=!(()_ ;fnd} /fh kl/jf/ gfz x'g] s'/f n]v]sf lyP . Tof] eof] . To;}n] o;sf n]vs g]kfnsf] /fh;+:yfaf6 c;'/lIft 5g\ . ;}tflgs e;{ dfg]/ of}6f vf]d]gL agL ;hfo lbg yfNof] eg] aGb's xftdf g ePsf] snd rnfpg] Ps n]vsn] n'Sg' jf efUg' jfx]s c? s] g} kf] ug{ ;S5 / < g]kfnsf] sfg"gdf s'g} klg /fhl/jf/sf ;b:osf] rl/qsf] cfnf]rgf ug{ kfOb}g To;df klg c´ /fgLsf] O{=;+=!(() o;af/] of]eGbf a9L eGg' s]xL 5}g .
of] …:jKgeËÚ pkGof; lj=;+=@)$& -O{=;+=!(()_ df c;Ld;f}/e, tfKn]h'ª, d]rL cGrn, g]kfndf k|sfzg ePsf] xf] . kqfrf/ 7]ufgfM kf]=a= g+= #%% sf7dfG8", g]kfn . ;+ks{ kmf]g $$!*^)( xf] . k|yd ;+:s/0fdf @!* k[= 5g\ . l8dfO ;fOhdf 5flkPsf] of] pkGof;df …cledtÚ XifLs]z zfxn] n]v]sf 5g\ . 8f. xl//fh e§fO{n] n]vsLo eGg' rfxL of}6f …s[t1tfÚ n]v]sf 5g\ t/ pgsf] gfd pgn] ToxfF …ljb|f]xL xl/Ú eg]/ lbPsf 5g\ . of] gfdn] klg …:jKgeËÚ pkGof;df ljb|f]xsf Hjfnf 5g\ eGg] s'/fnfO{ k|dfl0ft ub{5 .
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