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…xfd|f] d'n's agfpgsf nflu xfdLnfO{ !) nfv pDbf qmflGtsf/L eP k'U5 . To;eGbf a9L rflx+b}g . o;}n] xfdL ! hgf j}/LnfO{ afFRg lbg'eGbf !) hgf ;fyLx¿nfO{ dfg{] 5f}+ .Ú vd]/ ¿hsf o:tf egfO ;xsf/Lsf ;efsIfx¿df htfht} 6fFluPsf x'Gy] . hgxTofsf nflu lbOPsf] of] s'ts{ ltgLx¿n] Jojxf/df rl/tfy{ klg u/]sf lyP . kf]nkf]6sf] zf;gsfndf pd]/ k'u]/ jf /f]u nfu]/ dg]{ eGbf vd]/¿hsf] xftaf6 dfl/g]x¿sf] ;+Vof stf xf] stf w]/} lyof] . ;fgf]ltgf] ck/fwdf klg d[To'b08 lbg] x'gfn] b'lgofe/ …clGtd ;hfoÚ dflgg] Hofg ;hfo sDaf]l8ofdf Tolt a]nf ;fdfGo aGg k'u]sf] lyof] .Ú -bL ANofs a's ckm sDo'lgHd -!(((_ k[i7 ^)*_
dfcf]jfbLn] u/]sf] u0f]z lrn'jfnsf] xTofn] pgLx¿sf] cfbz{ vd]/?h ePsf] k|dfl0ft u/]sf] 5 . u0f]z lrn'jfn dfcf]jfbLsf rsf{ lj/f]wL dWo]sf lyP . ljz]ifu/L dfcf]jfbL lx+;f kLl8tx¿nfO{ ;+ul7t u/]/ /fli6"o cGt/f{li6"o ;d'bfo;Dd pgLx¿sf] cfjfh k'¥ofpg] lrn'jfnsf] k|of;n] dfcf]jfbLsf] ;j{;QfjfbL rl/qsf] kf]n v'n]sf] lyof] . dfcf]jfbLsf] cTofrf/ / lx+;f r'krfk g;x]/ To;sf lj?4 cfjfh p7fPs} sf/0f pgsf] xTof ul/Psf] xf] eGg]df ;+ejtM b'O{ dt gxf]nf . cfk\mgf] ck/fwnfO{ plrt 7x/ ug{ dfcf]jfbLn] lrn'jfnn] ;'/fsL ug]{ u/]sf] cf/f]k nufPsf5g\ . lrn'jfnn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ abgfd ug{ e'm6f] k|rf/ u/]sf] klg cf/f]k nufPsf 5g\ . t/ lrn'jfnn] e'm6f] k|rf/ u/]s} eP klg pgnfO{ dfg]{ sfo{nfO{ ljj]szLn s'g} klg JolQmn] plrt 7x¥ofpg ;Q}mg . lrn'jfnn] v'n]/} dfcf]jfbLsf] lx+;fTds ultljlwsf] lj/f]w u/]sfn] pgnfO{ ;'/fsL u/]sf] eGg' klg sDo'lg:6 z}nLsf] k|rf/jfhL xf] . h]xf];\, dfgj xTofsf] cf}lrTo ;flat x'g} ;Q}mg . o:t} lgxTyf JolQmsf] xltof/åf/f xTof ul/g'nfO{ axfb'/L klg eGg ;ls+b}g . o:tf] xTof o'4sf lgod / g}ltstfcg';f/ klg cg'lrt x'G5 . cyf{t\ lrn'jfnsf] xTof g plrt lyof] g o;nfO{ axfb'/L g} eGg ;lsG5 . t/ o:tf xTofx¿ dfcf]jfbLsf] lgoldt lbgrof{ x'g k'u]sf5g\ . o; k|s/0fnfO{ olQs}df yftL /fvL lrn'jfn xTof k|s/0fn] lbPsf] ;+s]tsf] ljj]rgf u/f}+ .

r/d c;lxi0f' ;j{;QfjfbL k|j[lQ
lrn'jfnsf] xTofn] dfcf]jfbLsf] r/d c;lxi0f' k|j[lQ / ;j{;QfjfbL ;f]rfO 5n{+u ePsf] 5 . pgLx¿ cfk\mgf lj/f]wLnfO{ ef}lts ¿kdf g} ;dfKt kfg]{ ljrf/df ljZjf; u5{g\ / ToxLcg';f/sf] Jojxf/ u5{g\ eGg] klg o;n] :ki6 kf/]sf] 5 . of] oyfy{df ;j{;QfjfbL k|j[lQsf] klg r/d¿k xf] . nf]stGqdf ljZjf; ug]{ s;}n] klg o:tf] Jojxf/ :jLsf/ / ;dy{g ug{ ;Q}mg . dfcf]jfbLn] kl5Nnf lbgx¿df cfkm"nfO{ nf]stGqjfbL b]vfpg u/]sf] k|of; klg kfv08 dfq} /x]5 eGg] o; k|s/0faf6 k'gk{'li6 ePsf] 5 .

dfcf]jfbL ;Qfdf k'u] g]kfn sDaf]l8of aGg]
lrn'jfn xTof k|s/0fn] aGb'ssf andf dfcf]jfbL ;Qfdf cfP eg] Tolt a]nf b]z sDaf]l8of aGg] s6' ;To klg k'gM k|s6 ePsf] 5 . sDaf]l8ofdf klxn] nf]g gf]nn] g]t[Tj u/]sf] cd]l/sf ;dy{s ;]gfn] /fhf l;+xfg'snfO{ x6fof] . nf]g gf]nsf] ;}lgs zf;gnfO{ leotgfdsf] ;dy{gdf vd]/?hn] x/fof] . To;kl5 ;'? ePsf] kf]nkf]6sf] s'Voft zf;gsfn sl/a kf}g] rf/ jif{ dfq} l6Sof] . t/, To; cjlwdf vd]/?hn] df/]sf / pgLx¿sf] ;Gsfxf Jojxf/af6 d/]sf ;d]t u/L @) nfv sDaf]l8ofnLsf]] csfndf Hofg uof] . vd]/?hnfO{ x6fpg leotgfdn] x:tIf]k u¥of] / csf]{ ;/sf/ ;Qfdf k'¥ofof] . nfdf] u[xo'4 / 7"nf] ljWj+;kl5 ;+o'Qm /fi6";+3n]] x:tIf]k ug'{k¥of] . clxn];Dd kf]nkf]6sf cg'ofoLx¿ ;a}n] xltof/ 5fl8;s]sf 5}gg\ . pgLx¿dfly g/xTofsf] d'2f rln/x]sf] 5 . plta]nf cfd;+xf/ / cTofrf/ u/]sf] :jLsf/ ul//x]sf5g\ . t/ To;sf] sDaf]l8ofnL hgtfn] ef]u]sf] kL8f / cTofrf/sf] Ifltk"lt{ x'g ;Q}mg . k|r08-afa'/fdx¿sf] ljrf/ / Jojxf/n] :ki6 ePsf] 5 pgLx¿ kf]nkf]6s} af6fdf 5g\ . pgLx¿sf] sfo{z}nL p:t} 5 . ;}4flGts cfwf/e"ld pxL xf] .
ctM dfcf]jfbLnfO{ h;/L eP klg a]n}df lg/:q ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . cGoyf of] o'4 slt nfdf] x'G5 / To;sf] d"No g]kfn / g]kfnLn] s]-s] u'dfP/ ltg'{kg]{ x'G5 To;sf] clxn] sNkgf klg ug{ ;lsb}+g . dfcf]jfbLn] aGb'sn] lhTg'sf] cy{ pgLx¿sf] …;j{xf/f clwgfosjfbÚsf] :yfkgf x'g' xf] . To;kl5 lg/+s'ztfsf] k|lt/f]w hgtfn] ;'? ug]{5g\ . clg cGt/f{li6"o ;d'bfo klg r'k nfu]/ a:g] 5}g . ;Qfdf k'u]sf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ x6fpg 7"nf] /Qmkft x'g;S5 . gx6fP pgLx¿n] g} :6flng, dfcf] / kf]nkf]6sf] laF8f] yfDg] 5g\ .
dfcf]jfbLsf lqmofsnfkn] clxn] h;/L klg dfcf]jfbL cft+s / k|efj /f]Sg ;a} ldn]/ k|of; gug]{ xf] eg] nf]stGq dfq x}g, d'n'ss} cl:tTj ;+s6df kg]{ :ki6 ePsf] 5 . u}/sDo'lg:6x¿n] /fhfnfO{ …j}/LÚ / dfcf]jfbLnfO{ …ldqÚ 7fGg' cfTd3ftL e"n ;flat x'g] klg o;n] :ki6 kf/]sf] 5 . u0ftGqsf] dfu cufl8 ;fg]{ nf]stGqjfbLx¿n] clxn]sf] cj:yfdf pQfpnf] x'g' cfTd3ftL x'g]5 .
o;}n] ;d:ofsf] uDeL/tfaf/]df clxn] g} ljrf/ ug'{ cfjZos 5 . dfcf]jfbL nf]stGqjfbL x'g ;;S5g\ eGg]] e|ddf kg'{ d"v{tf x'g]5 . dfcf]jfbL;Fu ;xsfo{ ug{ vf]Hbf ef;df kl/g] lglZrt 5 . ljz]ifu/L g]kfnL sf+u]|;sf g]tfx¿n] s] yfxf kfpg' kg]{ xf] eg] dfwj g]kfn, clds z]/rg / k|r08sf aLrdf k'l/g} g;Sg] ;}4flGts vf8n 5}g eg] sf+u]|; / dfcf]jfbL ldNg ;Sg] s'g} j}rfl/s cfwf/ klg 5}g . sf+u]|;sf] /fhf;Fu dte]b hlt g} eP klg ef]ln ldngljGb'x¿ e]l6g] kof{Kt ;Defjgf 5g\ .
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dfcf]jfbLn] cfk\mgf] u9 eGg] u/]sf] / pgLx¿sf] cft+s ;a}eGbf w]/} vk]sf] dWoklZrddf /fhfsf] :jfutdf hgtfsf] pkl:ylt x]g]{ xf] To;n] ;j{;fwf/0f g]kfnL /fhtGqsf kIfdf 5g\ eGg] ;Gb]z lbPsf] :jLsfg}{ k5{ . t/ o;sf] cy{ pgLx¿ nf]stGqsf lj?4df 5g\ eGg] klg xf]Og . hgtf zflGt :yfkgf xf];\ sDtLdf dfcf]jfbL cft+saf6 d'lQm kfOof];\ eGg] rfxG5g\ . dfcf]jfbL lx+;fsf] cGTo ;+jfb / ;xdltaf6 eof] eg] d'n's sDaf]l8of aGg]5}g . dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;}lgs zlQmaf6} tx nufpg ;s] klg d'n's 7"nf] ljWj+zaf6 hf]lug]5 . /fhf / nf]stGqjfbL zlQmsf aLrdf kmf6f] kf/]/ To;sf] nfe dfcf]jfbLn] lnPsf 5g\ . b'a} kIfdf cljZjf; / s6'tf pTkGg u/fpg dfcf]jfbL ;kmn ePsf 5g\ . o;af6 d'n's cem hl6ntftkm{ pGd'v ePsf] 5 . /fhf / nf]stGqjfbL b'a} yl/n] of] ;To cfTd;ft ug'{ cfjZos 5 .
xfn dxf/fhsf] hlt g} c;xh kl/l:yltdf /fHof/f]x0f ePsf] eP klg clxn]sf] cj:yfdf /fhu2Lsf] :jfefljs xsbf/ t pxfF g} xf] . g]kfnL hgtfn] of] tYo /fd|/L a'e]msf5g\ . ;+ejtM o;}n] pgLx¿n] /fhfsf ¿kdf >L % 1fg]Gb|nfO{ ;xh¿kdf :jLsf/ klg u/]sfx'g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf /fh;+:yfnfO{ c¿ ;'b[9 u/fpgsf nflu nf]stflGqs, kf/bzL{ / hgd'vL agfpg ul/Psf] cfu|x /fhfs} lxtsf lglDt xf] . Tof] ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] ljsNksf] vf]h xf]Og . t/ /fhfsf] Ifl0fs Jojxf/s} cfwf/df /fhtGq ;dfKt kfg'{k5{ eg]/ u}/sDo'lg:6x¿ cfj]zdf cfpg'rflx+ cfTd3ftL d"v{tf xf] . sDo'lg:6x¿ ;}4flGts ¿kdf g} u0ftGqjfbL x'G5g\ . dfwj g]kfn jf clds z]/rgn] u0ftGqsf kIfsf pleg' c:jfefljs x'Fb}g t/ ToxL nfddf lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf klg pleg' ;'xfpFb}g . ljz]ifu/L ljZj]Zj/k|;fb sf]O/fnfsf cg'ofoL xf}+ eGg]x¿n] t emg\ clxn]sf] cj:yfdf a9L lhDd]jf/ uDeL/ x'g}k5{ .
u0ftGqsf gf/f nufpg]x¿;Fu klg /fhfn] ;+jfb ul//x]sf 5g\ . oBlk ;+jfbsf] k|of;df slt Odfgbf/L b]lvof] Tof] ljj]rgfsf] csf]{ kIf xf] . ptf dfcf]jfbL cfk\mgf] lj?4 d'v vf]Ng]nfO{ ef}lts ¿kdf g} ;dfKt kfl//x]sf 5g\ . u0f]zbQ lrn'jfnsf] nf;df kf6L{sf] emG8f cf]8fpg] / k|r08;Fu ;xsfo{sf nflu ;+jfb ug]{ sfo{ ;Fu} x'g} ;Q}mgg\ . cfTd3ftL kfv08 gug]{ xf] eg] sf+u]|;n] cfk\mgf] cfbz{ / ljkLsf] af6f] la;{g' x'Fb}g . sf/0f lrn'jfnsf] xTofdf kf]nkf]6sf] kbrfk hf] ;'lgPsf] 5 .