rf}tf/L   clen]vfno

aGb's ljsf;sf] qmd x]bf{

ls/0f l;6f}nf
jfl;+ª6g 8L;L !@ dfr{, @))#

dfgj hfltn] ;a}eGbf a9L vr{ ls dflg;sf] Hofg hf]ufpg u5{ ls t To;sf] Hofg lngdf . hlxNo} klg zlQm cfkm\gf b'O{ xftdf dfq ;Lldt g/xf];\ eGg] ;f]rn] ubf{ g} r'Rrf 9'+uf, efnf, u'n]nL, af0f cflbsf] af6f] x'Fb} cfh aGb's, tf]k, ad / ld;fon;Ddsf] cfljZsf/ u/]sf 5g\ .
ljleGg sf/0fn] cfk; cfk;df o'4 ug'{kg]{ afWotfn] g} zq' cfkm\gf] 5]p cfpg' cufj} lgd"{n ug{sf nflu oL cfljZsf/x?sf] vfFrf] ePsf] lyof] . o'4 h'g;'s} ;do, df};d / e"efudf x'g ;Sg] / To;df af?bsf] lgzfgL, b"/L / ultn] lg0ff{os e"ldsf v]Ng] x'gfn] xNsf t/ kSsf xltof/ h'g Ps} JolQmn] ;xh} af]Sg ;S5, agfpg' h?/L ePsf] lyof] .
ljZj /fhgLlts / e"uf]nsf] Oltxf;df pyn k'yn Nofpg xft xltof/sf] b]g lgxfNg] xf] eg] aGb'ssf] t'ngfdf ;fob c? xltof/sf] b]g lgSs} sd b]lvG5 . aGb's gx'Fbf] xf] t o'/f]k]nLx?n] cd]l/sL cflbaf;Lx?;Fu Tolt ;xh} cd]l/sf g t lng ;Sy] g t a]nfotn] cfkm\gf] ;fd|fHojfbsf] ljZj lj:tf/ g} ug{ ;SYof] .
cfh xfd|f] b]zdf klg dfcf]jfbL / ;'/IffsdL{x? log} aGb'ssf] xf]8afhLdf nfu]/ hgtfnfO{ zflGt ;'/Iff Nofpg ;S5f}+ eGg] e|ddf 5g\ . To;}n] o:tf] dxTjk"0f{ cfljZsf/sf af/]df o; n]vdfkm{t\ kf7sx?nfO{ aGb'ssf] Oltxf;sf af/]df s]xL hfgsf/L lbg] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 .
aGb'snfO{ kfFr lsl;ddf ljefhg ug{ ;lsG5 . lk:tf]n-l/ef]Nj/_, /fOkmn - ;6ug_, ;a d]l;gug, nfO6 d]l;gug -PnPdhL_, XofeL d]l;gug .

ug kfp8/sf] cfljZsf/

elgG5 æug kfp8/ -uf]nLsf] af?b of d;nf_Æsf] cfljZsf/ k|frLg rLgdf ePsf] lyof] . t/ To;sf] zlQmsf] dxTj eg] Jofkf/ ug{ cfpg] o"/f]k]nLx?n] kl5 uP/ a'em] . ;g\ !@^) df /f]h/ a]sg (Roger Bacon) n] o;sf] ;"q kQf nufP tfklg o;sf] eofeo dfgj ;Eodf c;/ kg]{ zlQm b]v]/ To; ;"qnfO{ uf]Ko /fv]sf lyP . pgn] s]xL JolQm ljz]ifx?nfO{ uf]Ko lnkLdfkm{t\ o;sf ;"q k7fPsf lyP h;sf s]xL efu cfh;Dd klg cYof{pg ;lsPsf] 5}g . ug kfp8/nfO{ lkQnsf] gnLdf e/]/ d'vdf kmnfd of n]8-l;;f_sf u'Rrf cfsf/sf uf]nL /fv]/ tnaf6 ug kfp8/df wfuf]sf] dfWod4f/f cfuf] ;NsfOPsf] v08df Tof] kfp8/af6 pTkflbt zlQmsf] ann] ubf{ uf]nL cfsfzlt/ pl5l§g] cfljZsf/nfO{ g} ;a}eGbf klxnf] aGb'ssf] ?kdf dflgG5 . o;/L gnLdf af?b eg'{kg]{ l8hfOgn] em08} cfufdL ^ ;o jif{;Dd /fHo u/\of] kl5 uP/ ;fgf wft'sf vf]qmfleq} af?b / 6'Kkf]df l;;f /fv]/ cfw'lgs cfw'lgs uf]nLsf] cfljZsf/ ul/Psf] lyof] .

aGbs'sf] Oltxf;

o;nfO{ (Fire lock mechanism) klg elgG5 . o;sf] cfljZsf/ ;g\ !#)) df ePsf] lyof] / !##% ;Dd of] aGb'ssf] k|of]u u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .
kl5 gnLnfO{ nDJofOof] / cfuf] ;Nsfpg] tl/sfdf 8f]/Lsf] ;§f h]8-Z_ cfsf/sf] kmnfd k|of]u u/L gofF kl/jt{g NofOof] . o;nfO{ Dofrns (Match lock mechanism) elgG5 / o;sf] cfljZsf/ ;g\ !$!! df ePsf] lyof] . o'/f]k]nLx?n] cd]l/sL cflbjfbLx?sf] o'4sf a]nf o; aGb'ssf] k|of]u u/]sf lyP . of] l8hfOgn] em08} @ ;o jif{;Dd Voflt k|fKt u/\of] .
of] aGb'ssf] gnL cfuf] km'Sg] 8'+u|L h:tf] lyof] / of] aGb'sn] o'/f]k]nLx?nfO{ o; o'4df w]/} wf]sf lbPsf] lyof] . Ps ldg]6df af?b e/]/ hDdf Pp6f dfq uf]nL xfGg ;Sy] . / Tof] klg l7s 7fpFdf xQkQ nfUb}gYof] hals cflbaf;Lx?n] eg] ldg]6df tLg rf/j6f tL/ xfGy] / lgzfgL la/n} r'sfpFy] . To;}n] Dofrnssf] agfj6df kl/jt{g Nofpg clt h?/L ePsf] lyof] .
l:k|ªsf] dfWod4f/f lemNsf] ;Nsfpg] gofF aGb'ssf] !%!% lt/ cfljZsf/ eof] . h;sf] gfd XjLn ns (Wheel lock mechanism) lyof] .
Tof] a]nfsf] nflu oL aGb's Hofb} dx+uf lyP / vf;u/L lzsf/L / zf}lvg JolQmn] dfq k|of]u u/] t/ z}lgsx?n] eg] u/]gg\ . To;kl5 k|mfG;]nLx?n] ;g\ !^$) df lkm\nG6 ns (Flint lock mechanism) sf] agfj6 k|rngdf NofP . o;df bz{g 9'+uf h:tf] j:t'sf] dfWod4f/f kmnfddf /u8L cfuf]sf] lemNsf lgsfn]/ gnLleqsf] af?b hnfP/ uf]nL rnfpg] k|rng z'? ul/of] . o:tf aGb'ssf] k|of]u sl/a ! ;o %) jif{;Dd ul/of] .
k|mfG;]nL qmflGtb]lv cd]l/sfsf] :jtGqtfsf] o'4df ;Dd o;sf] k|of]u ul/Psf] lyof] . oL aGb'ssf kf6{k"hf{ leqkl§ kfl/Psf] lyof] h;n] ubf{ h'g} klg df};ddf o;sf] k|of]u ug{ ;lsGYof] . olt x'Fbf x'Fb} klg cfh;Dd agfOPsf aGb'saf6 lg:sg] uf]nL atfl;P/ tflsPsf] lgzfgeGbf k/ g} nfUg] u/]sf] kfOPsf] lyof] . cd]l/sL hgo'4sf] ;dodf eg] o;sf] ;d:of ;dfwfg eof] . s'g} Ps rt'/ JolQmn] aGb'ssf] gnLleq 3'dfp/f] lsl;dsf] s6fO u/]df aflx/ lg:sg] uf]nL 3'Db} lg:sGYof] / lgzfgdf nfUbYof] . cfh;Dd klg of] k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ;a} aGb'sx?df ul/G5 . o;nfO{ /fOkmlnª elgG5 . o;kl5 t aGb'ssf] lgzfgL klg ltvfl/of] / aGb's Hofb} vt/f xltof/sf ?kdf k|:t't eof] .
;g\ !&)$ b]lv !&&^ ;Dd Kofl6|s kmu{;g (Patrick Ferguson) n] lj|r nf]l8ª d]sflghd kQf nufP/ aGb'snfO{ cem cfw'lgsLs/0fsf] dfu{df nu]sf lyP . o;}nfO{ kl/dflh{t ub}{ Percussion Cap mechanism z'? u/]sf lyP . o;sf] k|of]u cd]l/sL hgo'4df b'j}tkm{sf ;}Gon] Jofks u/]sf lyP . Mercuric fulminate Hg(ONC)2 sf] cfljZsf/n] ubf{ g} of] aGb'ssf] l8hfOg ul/Psf] lyof] .
kl5 Zofd'n sf]N6 (Samuel Colt) n] o;}sf] cWoog u/]/ cfw'lgs aGb'sdf k|of]u ul/g] uf]nLsf] lgdf{0f u/]sf lyP . cn]Shf08/ kmf]/;]y (Alexander Forsythe)nfO{ eg] kfgL xfF;x?sf] lzsf/df hfFbf af?4af6 an]sf] lemNsf]sf] kfFr bz ;]s]08 kl5dfq uf]nL lgl:sgfn] xfF;x? ;w}+ lzsf/af6 pDsg ;kmn x'Gy] / k|To]s a]n'sf pgL xfF; gdf/L 3/ kms{g] uy]{ . of] ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug{ pgn] s]xL jif{ k|mfG;df kQf nufOPsf kbfy{sf] af/]df cWoog u/]/ Ps gofF kbf{ysf] cfljZsf/ ;g\ !*)& df u/] h;sf] ;jf{lwsf/ cfkm}+df ;'/lIft /fv] . of] kbfy{ ld;fPkl5 af?4 k8\sg' / uf]nL lg:sg' Ps} ;do x'GYof] . h;n] ubf{ pgn] kfgL xfF;x?sf] em08} ;+xf/ g} u/] . of] cfljZsf/n] em08} 5 ;o jif{ k'/fgf] aGb'ssf] ?k/]vf g} kl/jt{g u/L aGb'snfO{ cfw'lgsLs/0ftkm{ k|j]z u/fof] . ;jf{lwsf/sf] sfo{sfn ;lsPkl5 cGo aGb's pBf]uLx?n] To; kbfy{nfO{ kl/dflh{t ub}{ af?bsf] cfw'lgsLs/0f u/] / PseGbf a9L uf]nL e/]/ xflgg] b'O{ gfn] aGb'sx? aGg yfn] .
;g\ !*#% df cfP/ Zofd'n sf]N6 (Samuel Colt) n] klxnf] l/ef]Nj/ agfP . pgn] g} vf]qmfleq af?b xfnL ;fgf] xNsf uf]nL kQf nufPsf lyP hf] cfh;Dd klg k|of]u ul/G5 . To;kl5sf ;o jif{df /fOkmn, ;6 ug, Uof6lnª ug nufot cGo cfw'lgs aGb'sx? k|rngdf NofOof] . o;}u/L Hiram Maxim n] ;g\ !**$ df klxnf] d]l;g ug k|of]udf NofPsf lyP . ;g\ !(!& df hg a|fplgª (John Browning) n] a|fplgª c6f]d]l6s /fOkmn klxnf] ljZjo'4nfO{ eg]/ agfPsf lyP . ToxL ;dodf 6dL ug (Tommy Gun) klg k|of]udf cfPsf] lyof] . t/ n8fFOsf] cGTolt/;Dddf klg 6dL ugsf] Tolt laqmL gePsfn] ubf{ To;sf cfljZsf/s hf]g yD;g\ (John Thomson)n] ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ ! ;o &% 8/ndf laqmL u/]sf lyP . oxL sfnb]lv g} cd]l/sL hgtfsf] xftdf aGb's k/]sf] lyof] . bf;|f] ljZjo'4df hd{gdf agfOPsf] aGb'ssf] l8hfOg lx6n/nfO{ dgk/]kl5 To;sf] gfdfs/0f c;N6 /fOkmn eg]/ lx6n/n] u/]sf lyP .
;g\ !($& df ?;sf ld;]n s]ln:gf]k (Michele Kelishnecoph)n] Ps ;fx} alnof], ;/n / :jrflnt /fOkmnsf] cfljZsf/ u/]sf lyP . h;sf] gfd Ps] $& (AK-47) /flvof] . o;sf] tf}n $=# lsnf]u|fd dfq 5 . To;tfsf of] aGb's sDo'lg:6 b]zx?df afx]s aflx/ k|rngdf cfPsf] lyPg . cd]l/sfn] klxnf] kN6 o; aGb's;Fusf] d'7e]8 leotgfd o'4df ;g\ !(^) df u/]sf] lyof] . To;tfsf cd]l/sL ;}lgsx?n] Eugene Stoner sf] l8hfOgdf cfwfl/t cfkm\gf] k|l;4 Pd !^ (M-16) aGb's k|of]udf NofPsf lyP . of] aGb's k'/fgf] x'g nfu]sf] a|fplgª aGb'ssf] 7fpFdf k|of]udf NofOPsf] lyof] . AK-47 sf] cufl8 M-16 t'ngfTds ?kdf lgSs} sdhf]/ b]lvGYof] . M-16 sf uf]nLx? c8\lsP/ cd]l/sL ;}GonfO{ lgSs} uf/f] kf/]sf] lyof] / o;sf] uf]nL #)) ld6/;Dd dfq hfg] t/ Ps] $& sf] uf]nL eg] %)) ld6/ ;Ddsf] lgzfgL gr'sfpg] ePsfn] ubf{ w]/} cd]l/sL ;}lgsx?n] leotgfd o'4df Hofg u'dfpg'k/]sf] tYo cfh klg cd]l/sL ;]gfx? atfpF5g\ .
Ps jftf{sf qmddf cfkm\gf] gfd atfpg grfxg] leotgfd o'4df 3fOt] k/]/ kmls{Psf k"j{ ;}lgs eG5g\, æPd !^ Ps kq' aGb's lyof] . xfdL sDo'lg:6x?nfO{ df/]kl5 ltgLx?s} Ps] $& n'6]/ o'4 n8]sf lyof}+ . M-16 nfO{ Dofulhgdf @) j6f uf]nLsf] ;§f !* j6f /fv]df uf]nL gc8\lsg] b]lvof] / o;nfO{ k|To]s lbg ;kmf gu/]df o'4df c8\lsP/ wf]sf lbGYof] .Æ
Ps csf{ k"j{ ;}lgsn] To;tfsf cfkm\gL >LdtLnfO{ lr7\7L n]Vbf eg]sf lyP, æoxfF xfdLnfO{ zq'x?n] eGbf cfkm\g} aGb'sn] a9L dfl//x]sf] 5 lsgsL k|To]s dfl/Psf l;kfxLx?sf] 5]pdf 6'qmf kf/]/ aGb's hf]8\g tof/ /x]sf] cj:yfdf nfz e]l6G5g\ . oL ;}lgsx? o'4sf qmddf uf]nL hfd]/ km]/L agfpg k|of; ubf{ ub}{ zq'sf] uf]nLsf] lzsf/ x'g k'u]sf b]lvG5g\ .Æ
cfh ljZjdf ;a}eGbf k|rlnt aGb's Ps] $& /x]sf] 5 . of] aGb's ;/sf/L ;}lgs;Fu dfq geP/ ljZjsf cj}w xftxltof/ Jofkf/ ahf/df ;d]t ;xh} kfOG5 .
ckmuflg:tfgb]lv kfls:tfg;Dd / ;f]dflnofb]lv c+uf]nfdf ;Dd klg o;sf] lgdf{0f ul/G5 . aLaL;L /]l8of]n] lnPsf] Ps cGt/jftf{sf qmddf xftxltof/;DaGwL lj1sf cg';f/, æ;f]leot ?;af6 pTkflbt Ps] $& aGb's sl/a $ s/f]8 ahf/df pknAw 5g\ eg] cGo b]zx?af6 pTkflbt sl/a # s/f]8 o:tf aGb'sx? ahf/df pknAw 5g\ .Æ of] dfq Ps o:tf] aGb's xf] h;nfO{ df]hflDasn] cfkm\gf] em08fdf ;d]t o;sf] lrq /fv]/ ;Ddfg u/]sf] 5 .
xfn cfP/ Ps] $& aGb'sx? g]kfnsf dfcf]jfbLx?;Fu klg e]l6Psf 5g\ .

g]kfnsf] aGb'ssf] Oltxf;

elgG5 k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxn] g'jfsf]6sf] xdnfdf e?jf aGb'ssf] k|of]u u/]sf lyP . klxnf] aGb'sf] k|j]z g]kfndf sxfF s;/L ePsf] lyof] eGg] s'/f t cem} cWoogsf] ljifo 5 t/ aGb'sn] v]n]sf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsfdf eg] b'O{ dt 5}g . zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] ;]jfaf6 cjsf; k|fKt ;}lgs clkm;/ lzjk|;fb zdf{sf cg';f/, æg]kfndf aGb's klxn] ef/taf6} NofOPsf] lyof] . sflnu9x?n] agf/; h:tf] 7fpFaf6 l;k l;sL g]kfnd} 3/]n' aGb'sx? agfPsf lyP . g]kfnL aGb'sf] Oltxf;df u]x]Gb| ;Dz]/ ha/fsf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf 5 . logn] cfkm\gf] hfkfgsf] lzIff / To;a]nfsf cfw'lgs aGb'sf] l8hfOg x]/]/ g]kfnd} xfn ljZjHof]lt l;g]df xndf /x]sf] hUufdf aGb'ssf] sf/vfgf vf]n]sf lyP .Æ To;tfsf a]nfotL ;fd|fHoafbLx?n] ef/tdf dfl6{lg x]g/L /fOkmn (Martini Henry Rifle)sf] / !@ Jofks k|of]u u/]sf lyP . g]kfndf klg pQm l8hfOgsf aGb'sx? pTkflbt ePsf lyP .
cfh cfP/ k'/fgf aGb'sx?sf] ;+sng tyf Jofkf/ ug]{ ;f}lvg JolQmx?n] To;tfsfsf g]kfndf ag]sf aGb'sx?nfO{ cfh OG6/g]6dfkm{t\ Jofkf/ ul//x]sf 5g\ . /fd|f] cj:yfdf /x]sf tL aGb'sx?nfO{ pgLx?n] @ xhf/ 8n/;Dd dfu u/]sf] tYo www.collectiblefirearm.com df kfPsf 5f}+ .

g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df

a]nfotn] csf]{ agfPsf] k|Voft aGb'ssf] l8hfOgx?df cfh g]kfn k|x/Ln] k|of]u ug]{ ;6{ Dofu]lhg nL O08lkmN8 (SM Lee Enfield)
gfdsf aGb'sx? x'g\ . g]kfnn] k|of]u ug]{ pQm aGb'ssf] dfs{ y|L l8hfOg eg] ;g\ !()& df a]nfotdf ePsf] lyof] . o; aGb'snfO{ y|L g6 y|L aGb'ssf gfdn] klg lrlgG5 . sl/a Ps ;o jif{ k"/fgf] of] l8hfOgsf] aGb'sn] cfh PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLdf cfP/ /0fe"lddf ljho k|fKt ug{ ;f]r ug]{ xfd|f g]kfnL k|x/L / ;}lgs sdf08/x?nfO{ klg wGo 5 .
oL aGb'sx? ef/tn] z'?df g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ lbPsf lyP . /, kl5 cfP/ g]kfn k|x/Lsf] u7g ePkl5 zfxL ;]gfn] pQm aGb's gf;f] :j?k g]kfn k|x/LnfO{ lhDdf nufPsf] lyof] . zfxL ;]gfn] eg] ef/t ;}Gon] k|of]u u/]/ cjsf; k|fKt ug{ nfu]sf P;=Pn=cf/, Pn=Pd=hL=x? pkxf/ :j?k kfPsf lyP .
ef/tLo uf]vf{ ;}lgsaf6 cjsf; k|fKt k"j{ ;}lgs u'?ª eG5g\, æk|To]s jif{ ;}lgs SofDkdf xft xltof/sf] cj:yfaf/] hfFr a'em x'g] u5{, ;f] ;dodf k'/fgf ePsf aGb'sx?nfO{ 5'§fpg] ul/G5 / ltg} 5'§fOPsf aGb'sx? ef/tn] g]kfnl:yt zfxL ;]gfnfO{ k7fpg] lbg] u/]sf] lyof] .Æ
u'?ª cufl8 eG5g\, æg]kfnL ;}lgsn] k|of]u ug]{ P;=Pn=cf/ aGb's clns jhg / eb\bf 5 / o:tf aGb'sx? k|fo Ps b]z / csf]{ b]zaLrsf] o'4df k|of]u ul/G5 t/ u'l/Nnf o'4df eg] oL aGb'sx? k|of]u ;]gfsf nflu nfebfos b]lvb}g . To;}n] pgLx?nfO{ cfw'lgs Pd !^ h:tf sd jhg ePsf aGb'sx?sf] h?/L b]lvG5 . o;sf uf]nL klg P; Pn cf/sf eGbf ;fgf] r'Rrf] / w]/} 6f8f;Dd lgzfgL nufpg ;lsg] ePsfn] ubf{ u'l/Nnf o'4df o;n] /fd|f] e"ldsf lgefpg ;Sg] 5 .Æ
em08} æd/]kl5 8fS6/Æ sf] cj:yfdf k'u]/ k"j{ b]pjf ;/sf/n] g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ cfw'lgsLs/0f ug]{ qmddf a]lNhod / cd]l/sfaf6 cTofw'lgs aGb's vl/b u/]sf] 5 .
a]lNhodaf6 dufOPsf ldlgdL(Minimi TM) :jrflnt /fOkmnsf] l8hfOg ;g\ !(&$ df Fabrique Nationale n] a]lNhoddf u/]sf] lyof] . ljleGg b]zdf o;nfO{ leGbf leGb} gfdn] lrGg] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . cd]l/sfdf o;nfO{ SAW 249 / Sofgf8fdf C 9 n] lrlgG5 . ;g\ !(*! df g]6f]sf] kl/If0fdf ;a}eGbf pRr c+s NofPsf] o; xNsf d]l;g ugsf] k|of]u cd]l/sfdf hn ;]gfx? (Marine)n] k|of]u ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . %=%^ ldlnld6/ Jof; ePsf] / $=% ;]lG6ld6/ nDafO ePsf] o;sf] uf]nL r'Rrf] x'G5 / 6'Kkf] xl/of] /+un] /+ufPsf] x'G5 . o; uf]nLnfO{ g]6f] Soflna/ klg elgG5 . o; xNsf d]l;g ugsf] jhg ^=% lsnf]u|fd 5 / o;sf] nDafO{ Ps ld6/ 5 . o;nfO{ #) j6f uf]nLsf] Dofu]lhg jf ! ;ob]lv @ ;o uf]nLsf] aS;f jf ! ;ob]lv @ ;o uf]nLsf k]6L /fv]/ k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 .
k|lt ldlgdL aGb'ssf] d"No sl/a $,%)) 8n/ /x]sf] kfOof] . h'g aGb's g]kfn ;/sf/n] a]lNhodaf6 %% ;oj6f 9'jfgL vr{ ;lxt dufPsf] 5 . h; cGtu{t s]xL aGb'sx? g]kfn lelq;s]sf 5g\ . of] aGb'ssf] k|ltldg]6 & ;o @% b]lv ! xhf/ uf]nL;Dd xfGg] Ifdtf 5 t/ o'4sf qmddf eg] k|fo k|ltldg]6 *% j6f uf]nL xflgPsf] kfOG5 . o;n] ! b]lv #=^ lsnf]ld6/;Ddsf] b"/L;Dd lgzfgL nufpg ;S5 . xNsf d]l;gugsf] lgdf{0fdf k|Voft b]zx?dWo] hd{gLsf] HK MG 36,Oh/fonsf] IMI Negev, l;+ufk'/sf] STR Ultimax 100, blIf0f sf]l/ofsf] Daewoo K3 / ?;sf] Kalashnikov RPK 74 (AK-74) oL xNsf :jrflnt d]l;g ugx? k|of]udf 5g\ .
o:t}u/L cd]l/sfaf6 klg g]kfnsf nflu % xhf/j6f Pd !^ P@ (M16 A2) aGb'sx? dufPsf] 5 . ;g\ !($& b]lv l8hfOg ug{ z'? ul/Psf Pd !^ aGb'ssf] l8hfOg eg] ;g\ !(^) lt/dfq ul/Psf] lyof] .
cd]l/sfn] leotgfd o'4df o;sf] Jofks k|of]u u/]sf] lyof] . leotgfd o'4df cd]l/sL ;}lgsx?n] o;sf uf]nL hfDg] h:tf sdhf]/Lx?sf] Wofgfsif{0f u/]kl5 ;g\ !(^& df Pd !^ P! gfds gofF l8hfOg ul/Psf] lyof] h;n] k'/fgf ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfg u/]sf] lyof] . of] aGb'snfO{ k|To]s k6s uf]nL rnfO;s]kl5 ;kmf /fVg cToGt h?/L 7flgG5 . ;g\ !(&) df g]6f]df /x]sf cd]l/sL ;}lgsx?n] Pd !^ aGb's af]Sg] lg0f{o u/]kl5 of] aGb's Hofb} k|rngdf cfPsf] lyof] . ;g\ !(*# df cem cfw'lgsLs/0f ub}{ Pd !^ P@ aGb'ssf] l8hfOg ul/Psf] lyof] hf] cfh g]kfndf klg lelqO;s]sf] 5 . cfh cd]l/sfdf o;} aGb'ssf P# / P$ df]8]nx? klg cd]l/sL ;}lgsx?n] k|of]u ug{ yfln;s]sf 5g\ .
o;n] klg pxL g]6f] Soflna/sf] uf]nL k|of]u u5{ . o;sf] nDafO{ Ps ld6/ / jhg #=% lsnf]u|fdb]lv %=&* lsuf]u|fd;Dd x'G5 . o;sf] k|ltldg]6 & ;oj6f uf]nL;Dd xfGg ;Sg] Ifdtf 5 . o;n] #) /fp08 Dofu]lhgsf] uf]nL k|of]u u5{ . of] ldlgdL h:t} :jrflnt cj:yfdf rnfpFbf Ps k6sdf tLg j6f uf]nL nufnu xfG5 / o; aGb'ssf] csf]{ kmfObf s] 5 eg] o;nfO{ cw{:jrflnt df]8df /fv]df Ps k6sdf hDdf Ps uf]nLdfq hfg] agfpg ;lsG5 . cGwfw'Gw uf]nL xfGg] xfd|f g]kfnL ;}lgsx?nfO{ o;n] kmf? Tl/sfn] uf]nLsf] k|of]u ug{ kf7 l;sfpg] b]lvG5 . Colt pBf]u4f/f lgld{t pQm aGb'ssf] d"No sl/a % ;o 8n/ kg{ cfpF5 .
Ps cd]l/sL ;}lgs hf] cfkm\gf] gfd atfpg rfxFb}gg\ pgsf cg';f/ æof] aGb's cfh ;a} cd]l/sL e" ;}Gox?n] k|of]u ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . ckmuflg:tfgb]lv s'j]t;Dd o;sf] cfh Jofks k|of]u eO/x]sf] 5 . o;n] tLg ;o ld6/ 6f8f;Ddsf zq'nfO{ 9fNg ;S5 . t/ o;sf] Ifdtf eg] % ;o %) ld6/b]lv * ;o ld6/;Dd /x]sf] 5 .Æ ltg} cd]l/sL ;]gf cufl8 eG5g\, æo;df 6]ln:sf]ksf] k|of]u u/]sf] v08df cem pko'Qm x'g hfG5 / o;df lu|g]8f nfpGr/ klg hf]8\g ;lsG5 . g]kfnsf dfcf]jfbLx?n] eg] /ftdf cfqmd0f ug]{ ePsfn] ubf{ o;nfO{ ;]dL c6f]d]l6s df]8df /fVg h?/L b]lvG5 . lsgsL Ps k6s kmfo/ ubf{ tLg j6f dfq uf]nL lg:sg] ub{5 . of] u/]df ;}lgsx?n] cfkm";Fu /x]sf uf]nLx? cflQP/ t'?Gt l/Tofpg kfpFb}gg\ .Æ
o:t} eljiodf g]kfn ;/sf/n] klg cfkm\gf] ;Dk"0f{ ;}lgsx?nfO{ Pd !^ P@ aGb'sx?n] ;'zlHht ug]{ lg0f{o ul/;s]sf] s'/f s"6gLlts pRr ;"qaf6 hfgsf/L x'g cfPsf] 5 . o:tf aGb'sx?sf] dd{t tyf ;Def/sf nflu Ps 5'§} sf/vfgf ;d]t g]kfnd} vf]lng] lg0f{o ;d]t g]kfn ;/sf/n] ul/;s]sf] xfdLnfO{ pQm ;'qn] hfgsf/L u/fPsf] 5 . xfn zfxL ;]gfn] k|of]u ub}{ cfPsf aGb'sx? eg] k|x/LnfO{ lbOg] 5 .

g]kfnL dfcf]jfbL;Fusf aGb's

hgo'4sf qmddf dfcf]jfbLx?n] ;]gfaf6 P; Pn cf/ / Pn Pd hL u/]/ sl/a ! xhf/ j6f aGb's hDdf ug{ ;kmn ePsf] cg'dfg ul/G5 . To;}u/L elgG5, pgLx?n] ^ j6f h]g/n k/kf]h d]l;g ug nufot k|x/Laf6 em08} ! ;o jif{ cl3sf] l8hfOgdf tof/ ePsf P; Pd Pn O{ dfs{ # -y|L g6 y|L_ /fOkmnx? sof}+sf] ;+Vofdf n'6]sf 5g\ . logLx?n] ljZj cj}w xftxltof/ ahf/af6 Ps] $& ;d]t cfkm"x?;Fu /x]sf] t/ le8Gtdf eg] xfn;Dd k|of]u gul/Psf] s'/f hfgsf/x? atfpF5g\ .
;/sf/L pRr ;"qsf cg';f/ dfcf]jfbLx?;Fu sl/a %% ;o ljz]if tflnd k|fKt z}lgs b:tf / * xhf/ ldlnl;of 5g\ . logLx?n] n'6]sf /fd|f /fd|f aGb'sx? k|of]u ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ t/ afFsL cGo ;}lgsx?n] eg] y|L g6 y|L b]lv e?jf aGb's;Dd k|of]u u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .
o'4sf nflu tTk/ eg] ;}lgsaf6 #% xhf/, ;z:q k|x/Laf6 !) xhf/ / g]kfn k|x/Laf6 @) xhf/sf] ;+Vofdf /x]sf] kfOG5 . xft xltof/sf] cfw'lgstfaf6 x]g]{ xf] eg] ;/sf/L kIf lgSs} ;jn b]lvG5 .
ptf u'l/Nnf o'4sf] Oltxf; x]g{] xf] eg] /ftdf cfqmd0f ug]{ dfcf]jfbLx?sf nflu ;}lgsx?n] cfqmds 9+u gckgfP;Dd ;/sf/L ;]gfsf cfw'lgs xft xltof/n] dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ Tolt c;/ gkf/L xfNg] s'/f lj1x? atfpF5g\ .

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