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/fhf / dfcf]jfbLsf] lgotdf z+sf ePsf] s'/f g]kfnsf k|d'v /fhg}lts bnx?n] atfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . tkfO{ pgLx?nfO{ s] hjfkm lbg'x'G5 <

j}1flgs lrGtg /fVg]x?n] s;}sf] ælgotÆnfO{ eGbf p;sf] sfdsf] …kl/df0fÚnfO{ k|wfgdf lbG5g\ / lbg'kb{5 . sfn{ dfS;{n] Ps ;Gbe{df eGg' eP em}+ …g/s hfg] af6f] /fd|f] lgotn] agfOPsf] x'G5Ú -…The road to hell is paved with good intentionsÚ_ /] Û To;}n] xfdL s;}sf] lgot dfly z+sf ub}{gf}+ t/ p;sf] unt, xflgsf/s, /fi6"lj/f]wL / hglj/f]wL sfo{sf] lglDt p;sf] juL{o :jfy{ / juL{o b'li6sf]0fnfO{ bf]if lbG5f}++ . g]kfnL ;dfhdf olt a]nf /.hfn] g]t[Tj u/]sf] k'/fgf] k|ltufdL juL{o ;Qf / g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbLn] g]t[Tj u/]sf] gofF k|ultzLn ;Qf aLr eLif0f u[xo'4 rln/x]sf] / Tof] Psn] csf]{nfO{ t'?Gt} lgif]w ug{ g;Sg] /0fg}lts ;Gt'ngsf] cj:yfdf k'u]sf]n] jftf{åf/f zflGtk"0f{ lgsf; vf]Hg] k|oTg clxn] e}/x]sf] 5 . ;dfh ljsf;qmdsf] j:t'ut lgod / clxn] b]zdf ljBdfg /fhg}lts zlQm ;Gt'ngsf] w/ftnLo oyfy{ -ground reality_nfO{ Vofn gu/L olb s;}n] csf{]sf] …lgotÚdf ;d:of b]V5 eg] Tof] eGbf cj}1flgs, unt / xflgsf/s lrGtg csf]{ s]xL x'g} ;Sb}g . To;}n] xfdL xfd|f ;+;bjfbL ldqx?nfO{ cfj]u / efjgfsf s'/f u/]/ aGg nfu]sf] jftfj/0f ljyf]Ng] eGbf b]zsf ljBdfg juL{o /fhgLltsf] w/ftnLo oyfy{nfO{ /fd|/L 7DofP/ b]z / hgtfk|lt lhDd]jf/k"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .

tkfO{n] lg0ff{os hgcfGbf]ng yfNg] klg eGg' ePsf] 5 . lg0ff{os eGgfn] ;dflKt eGg] a'lemG5 . ;dfKt eg]sf] Pp6fn] xfg]{ csf]{n] lhTg' xf] . xfg]{ eof] eg] tkfO{sf] cj:yf s:tf] x'G5 < /, lhTg'eof] eg] tkfO{ cfˆgf juL{o zq'k|lt s:tf] Jojxf/ ug'{x'G5 <

;+;f/df s'g} klg s'/f lg/k]If / clGtd eGg] x'Fb}g, t/ ;a} s'/f ;fk]If / ultzLn jf ;+qmd0fsfnLg x'G5g\ . qmflGt jf hgcfGbf]ngsf] ;Gbe{df klg ;f]xL lgod nfu" x'G5 . To;}n] xfdLn] eGg] u/]sf] …lg0ff{os cfGbf]ngÚ ;dfh ljsf;sf] Pp6f r/0faf6 csf]{ r/0fdf ;+qmd0fsf cy{df dfq xf] eg]/ a'‰g cfjZos 5 . clxn] xfdL b]zdf ;fdGtjfbsf] cGTo u/]/ k"FhLjfbL hgjfb jf k|hftGqnfO{ k"0f{tf lbg] cfGbf]ngsf] r/0fdf ePsf]n] xfdLn] …lg0ff{os cfGbf]ngÚsf] s'/f ubf{ s'g} /fhg}lts ;+:yf, ;+u7g jf JolQmnfO{ …;dfKtÚ ug'{ geP/ Oltxf;df k'/fgf] / d/0ff;Gg e};s]sf] cfly{s-;fdflhs-/fhg}lts k|0ffnLnfO{ gofF, ultjfg, k|ultzLn k|0ffnLdf ?kfGt/0f ug'{ eGg] cy{df a'‰g' kb{5 . emg\ clxn] xfdL jftf{af6} zflGtk"0f{ pkfon] k'/fgf] k|0ffnL jf ;+/rgfnfO{ gofF ;+/rgfdf ?kfGt/0f ug]{ k|oTgdf nfu]sf] x'gfn] Pp6fn] k"/} xfg]{ / csf]{n] k"/} lhTg] s'/f ug'{ ljNs"n pko'Qm 5}g . h;n] zflGtk"0f{ cu|ufdL lgsf;sf] af6f]nfO{ cj?4 u5{ To;nfO{ Oltxf;n] g} lgif]w ug]{ s'/f :jtM :ki6 5 .

tkfO{x?n] cfˆgf hgof]4fx? -hg;]gf / zfxL g]kfnL ;}lgs ldnfP/ gofF /fli6"o ;]gf lgdf{0f ug]{ kl/sNkgf af/Daf/ ub}{ cfpg'ePsf] 5 . 7f]; ?kdf tkfO{x?n] o;sf] sfof{Gjog s:tf] sbdx?af6 ug]{ ljrf/ /fVg' ePsf] 5 < / zfxL ;]gfaf6 s:tf] k|ltlqmof ck]Iff ug'{ePsf] 5 <

g]kfnL Oltxf;sf uDeL/ cWo]tfx?nfO{ yfxf x'g'kb{5 ls g]kfndf :yfoL ;]gf -Standing army_sf] u7g k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf] g]t[Tjdf s]Gb|Lo ;fdGtL /fHo;Qf u7g x'g] qmd ;Fu;Fu} ePsf] xf] . Tof] eGbf klxn] jt{dfg g]kfnL e"efusf sljnfO{ /fHox?df ;fdfGo ;'/Iff uf8{ dfq x'Gy] / n8fO{+sf] sfd Ps k|sf/sf c:yfoL hgldlnl;ofx? dfkm{t\ ;DkGg x'GYof] . k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxkl5 ;'uf}nL-;GwLsf] a]nf;Dd klg :yfoL ;]gfeGbf hgldlnlzofx? / df]rf{a4 o'4 eGbf 5fkfdf/ / rnfodfg o'4sf] k|rng g} a9L lyof] . gfnfkfgLsf] n8fO{+df dlxnf, s]6fs]6L / a'9fa'9L;Ddn] c+u|]h ;]gf lj?4 jL/tfk"j{s n8]sf] k|;Fun] To;sf] oy]i7 k'li6 x'G5 . k/Gt' ;'uf}nL-;GwL / /fHolj:tf/ cleofgdf lj/fd ;Fu;Fu} g]kfnL zf;sju{n] c+u|]h / ljb]zLx?sf] u'nfdL z'? u¥of] / zfxL ;]gf klg b/af/sf] /vjfnL ug]{ jf c+u|]hx?sf] u'nfdL ug]{ e/f}6] ;]gfdf kl/0ft eof] . clxn]sf] ablnPsf] /fli6"o-/fHo -Nation-State_ / k|hftGqsf] o'udf Tof] ;fdGtL e/f}6] rl/qsf] ;]gfn] /fli6"otfsf] ;+/If0f / k|hftGqsf] ;Daw{g ug{ ;Sg] s'/} x'Fb}g . km]l/ ljleGg pTkLl8t hflt, If]q / cfwf cfsfz cfwf wtL{ cf]u6\g] dlxnfx?sf] Tof] k'/fgf] e/f}6] ;]gfdf s'g} k|ltlglwTj 5}g . kmn:j?k @))& ;fnb]lv clxn];Ddsf] k|hftflGqs cfGbf]ngdf zfxL ;]gfsf] k|Zg ;w} Pp6f h6Ln / lg0ff{os k|Zg ag]/ pleg] u/]sf] 5 . To;}n] jt{dfg o'usf] cfjZostf / ablnPsf] kl/l:ylt ;Fu;Fu} b]zsf] ;z:q ;]gfsf] rl/q / e"ldsfdf klg cu|ufdL kl/jt{g x'g'k5{ / To;sf] lglDt k'/fgf] e/f}6] zfxL ;]gfsf] :yfgdf gofF /fli6"o ;]gfsf] lgdf{0f ul/g'k5{ eGg] laNs'n} j}1flgs, hfoh / pko'Qm cfjfh xfdLaf6 dfq xf]Og ;a} b]zeQm / k|hftflGqs zlQmx?af6 ;d]t pl7/x]sf] 5 . of] l:yltdf zfxL ;]gf nufot ;a} If]qdf o'u ;'xfpFbf] cu|ufdL kl/jt{g u/]/ /fli6"otf / k|hftGqsf] hu dha't kfg{ ;a} kIfaf6 ;sf/fTds e"ldsf lgjf{x x'g]5 eGg] ck]Iff xfdLn] u/]sf 5f}+ .

o'4lj/fd ePsf] 5, ;fy} jftf{sf] k|lqmof klg z'? ul/;s]sf] cj:yfdf jftf{sf] ;kmntfsf nflu ;Da4 ;a} kIfn] ;sf/fTds wf/0ff /fVg}k5{ o;df b'O{ dt x'Fb}g . ;fy} jftf{ kf/bzL{ x'g'kb{5 eGg] s'/f klg gfhfoh x}g . t/ s] s;/L, sxfF, slxn], s;sf], sf];Fu s] s:tf s'/fsfgL 5nkmn jfbljjfb eP/ o'4lj/fd / jftf{sf] yfngLsf] of] cj:yf ;[hgf ul/of], s] To;sfaf/]df xfd|f kf7sx?nfO{ s]xL atfOlbg'x'G5 <

;j{k|yd xfdL tkfO{sf] 86sd ldl8of dfkm{t\ :jb]z / ljb]zdf /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ b]zeQm / k|hftflGqs zlQmx?nfO{ s] atfpg rfxG5f}+ eg] o'4lj/fdsf] 3f]if0ff / jftf{ k|lqmofsf] z'?jft ;Fu;Fu} s]xL :yflkt ;+rf/ dfWodx?af6 lx6n/sf] k|rf/dGqL uf]ojN;sf] z}nLdf slyt …ckf/blz{tfÚ / …b/af/-dfcf]jfbL ;fF7ufF7Úaf/] h'g k|fof]lht b':k|rf/ cleofg z'? ul/of] To;sf] k5fl8 zflGt-lj/f]wL 7"n} zlQms]Gb|sf] xft 5 . b]zsf k|hftflGqs / b]zeQm zlQmx?nfO{ cfk;df n8fO{ /fv]/ cfˆgf] lglxt :jfy{ k"lt{ ug{ rfxg] To:tf tTjx?nfO{ a]n}df gf+u]emf/ kfg{ / xfdL g]kfnLx? :jo+n] cfˆgf] b]zleqsf] ;d:of cfkm} zflGtk"0f{ jftf{åf/f ;dfwfg ug{ ca emg\ h?/L ePsf] 5 . To;}n] To:tf /fi6"lj/f]wL / hglj/f]wL tTjx?n] b]zdf zflGt, /fli6"otf / k|hftGq lbuf] x'g glbg lgof]lht 9+un] ul//x]sf] if8\oGq / b':k|rf/sf] e|ddf k/]/ o'4lj/fd / jftf{k|lqmofaf/] cgfjZos lvrnf] lems]/ efF8\g] sfd gug{ xfdL ;a};Fu ljgd| cfu|x ub{5f}+ . xfd|f] kf6L{n] lglZrt jftf{sf] jftfj/0f ag]df s'g} klg a]nf To;df ;xefuL aGg] k|lta4tf ;lxt ut d+l;/ !& ut] g} jftf{ 6f]nL u7g u/]sf] s'/f ;fj{hlgs ul/;s]sf] l:yltdf To;sf] b'O{ dlxgfkl5 / s[i0fdf]xg >]i7 k|s/0fsf] nuQ} kl5 k'/fgf] ;QfkIfn] lglZrt dfu k"/f u/]/ o'4-lj/fdsf] k|:tfj cufl8 ;f/]kl5 xfdLn] To;sf] ;sf/fTds hjfkm lbg' laNs'n :jfefljs s'/f xf] . To;df s;};Fu ckljq ;fF7ufF7 jf s'g} ckf/bzL{ sfo{;"rL -hidden agenda_sf] k|Zg s;/L p7\g ;S5 < ;ft xhf/ eGbf a9L g]kfnLx?sf] /utn] l;+lrPsf] o:tf] P]ltxfl;s cfGbf]ngnfO{ Tolt ;lhn} abgfd / cjd"Nog ug]{ 3[i6tf gug{ xfdL To:tf gj-uf]o]jN;x?nfO{ uDeL/ r]tfjgL klg lbg rfxG5f}+ .

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xfdLn] jftf{sf] lglDt s'g} k"j{zt{ g/fv]/ jftf{nfO{ pknlAwd"ns 9+un] cl3 a9fpgsf] lglDt Go"gtd ljZjf;gLo jftfj/0f tof/ ul/g' kg]{ s'/f dfq u/]sf xf}+ . b'j} o'4/t kIfx?n] Ps csf]{sf] sAhfdf /x]sf o'4aGbLx?sf] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs ug'{ / pgLx?nfO{ l/xfO ug'{, cf-cfˆgf ;z:q anx?nfO{ lglZrt Onfsf jf :yfgdf ;Lldt ug'{, slyt cft+ssf/L tyf ljWj+;fTds -sfo{ lgoGq0f_ P]g tTsfn vf/]h jf lgik|efjL u/]/ cfd hg;d'bfo / jftf{sf/x?nfO{ Go"gtd ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt ug'{ cflb h:tf s'/fx? s'g} /fhg}lts k"j{zt{ geP/ jftf{ k|lqmof yfngL ug]{ Go"gtd k"jf{wf/ x'g\ . o:tf] Go"gtd ljZjf;gLo jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug]{ s'/f ljZjsf ;a} åGå lgjf/0fsf ;Gbe{x?df x'g] ub{5g\ / tL ljgf jftf{ ;sf/fTds 9+un] cl3 a9]sf] xfdLn] st} klg b]v]sf 5}gf}+ . To;}n] o:tf] ;fdfGo ljZjf;gLo jftfj/0fsf] k|ZgnfO{ s'g} …k"j{zt{Úsf] ?kdf ga'‰g xfdL ;a};Fu cfu|x ub{5f}+ . a? o'4lj/fdsf] 3f]if0ff ePsf] tLg xKtf ljlt;Sbf klg k'/fgf] ;QfkIfn] cfˆg} 3/ Jojl:yt ug{ g;s]sf] / k"0f{ jftf{ 6f]nL ;d]t u7g ug{ g;s]sf] ;a}n] b]lv/fv]sf 5g\ . emg\ o; aLrdf klg zfxL ;]gfn] ;a}lt/ cfˆgf] vfgtnf;L cleofg hf/L /fv]sf] / hgtfnfO{ zflGtk"0f{ lx+88'n ug{ / /fhg}lts ultljlw ug{ ;d]t afwfJojwfg v8f ul//x]sf] cflb sf/0fn] k'/fgf] ;QfkIfsf] jftf{k|ltsf] k|lta4tfdf z'?df g} uDeL/ cfz+sfx? hlGdPsf 5g\ . km]l/ klg b]z / hgtfsf] OR5fcfsf+Iff / ;jf]{Qd lxtnfO{ Wofgdf /fVb} zflGt-jftf{ k|lqmof t'?Gt yfngL xf];\ / kl/0ffdd'vL 9+un] cl3 a9f];\ eGg] xfdL rfxG5f}+ / To;sf] lglDt xb};Dd nlrnf] ag]/ k|:t't x'g xfdL k|lta4 5f}+ .

tkfO{x?n] of] ;ft jif{ sf] hgo'4 cjlwdf cem lzv/tkm{ a9]sf] cj:yfdf crfgs ug'{ePsf] o'4lj/fdaf6 tkfO{x?sf hg;]gfx?df gsf/fTds k|efj kg{ uPsf] 5 eGg] a'lemG5 . o;df tkfO{ s] eGg'x'G5 <

lglZrt ?kdf hgo'4 ut ;ft jif{df ;a}eGbf cufl8 a9]sf] cj:yfdf o'4lj/fd ePsf]5 eGg] s'/f ;To xf] . Tof] xfdLn] xfd|f] b]zsf] ;+j]bgzLn e"/fhg}lts cj:yf, b]zdf ljBdfg /fhg}lts zlQm ;Gt'ngsf] l:ylt / cfd hg;d'bfosf] oyflz3| zflGtsf] rfxgfnfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ ;r]t / lhDd]jf/k"0f{ 9+un] g} u/]sf xf}+ . o; ljifodf xfd|f] ;Dk"0f{ kf6L{ k+lQm, hg;]gfsf of]4fx? / hg;Qfsf ;a} c+ux?df a'emfOsf] Ps?ktf 5 / kf6L{}sf] lg0f{ok|lt ;a}sf] k"0f{ ;dy{g 5 . To;}n] o;af6 …hg;]gfdf gsf/fTds c;/ kg{ uPsf] 5Ú eGg] s'/f s;}sf] xNsf cg'dfg x'g ;S5 t/ Tof] k"0f{ ?kn] c;To / c;Dej s'/f xf] . lsgls /fhgLltnfO{ sdfgdf /fv]/ -…politics in commandÚ_ ;f]Rg cEo:t xfd|f] hg;]gfsf of]4fx?n] kf6L{sf] lg0f{ok|lt cfz+sf ug]{ jf cgfjZos k|Zg p7fpg] s'g} sNkgf g} xfdLn] ug{ ;Sb}gf}+ .

…/fhfÚ ;j}wflgs bfo/fdf cfpg rfx]gg\ eg] dfcf]jfbL ;lqmo /fhtGqsf] kIf hfG5g\ ls ax'bnLo k|0ffnLsf] ;femf d}bfgkl§ cfpF5g\ eGg] k|Zg clxn] ;+;bjfbLx?n] p7fPsf 5g\ . o;af/] tkfO{sf] egfO s] 5 <

cf-cfˆgf] juL{o b[li6sf]0fsf] ;Ldfdf s}b eP/ sNkgfsf] dxn v8f ug'{ jf cfˆg} dgf]ut rfxgf cg';f/ a|x|df08 rn]sf] jf rNg] e|ddf /dfpg] :jtGqtfaf6 xfdL s;}nfO{ hf]/hah{:tL a+lrt ug{ rfxG5f}+ . t/ clxn]sf] g]kfnL /fhgLltsf] j:t'ut w/ftnLo oyfy{nfO{ /fd|/L cf+sng ug{ ;Sg] hf]s;}n] :jLsfg]{ tYo s] xf] eg] jftf{ k|lqmof ;kmn eP klg jf geP klg ca sf]zL, u08sL / s0ff{nLdf olt w]/} kfgL dfq xf]Og cd"No hgtfsf] /ut klg alu;s]sf] 5 ls b]zsf] /fhgLlt s'g} klg xfntdf lxhf]sf] lg/+s'z /fhtGq jf ckf+u ;+;bsf] 3]/fdf s}b eP/ a:g} ;Sb}g . Tof] /fhtGqfTds jf ;+;bjfbL k|0ffnL eGbf cufl8 a9\g afWo 5, lsgls To;f] gu/L b]zdf zflGt, k|hftGq / /fli6"otf :yfoL / ;'/lIft x'g ;Dej} 5}g . olb jftf{nfO{ ;fFRr} ;kmn kfg]{ xf] eg] /fhf, ;+;bjfbL / xfdL ;j{xf/f hgjfbL tLg} yl/ zlQmx?n] s]xL lbg] / s]xL lng] zt{df gofF ;+qmd0fsfnLg /fHo;Qfsf] df]8]n vf]Hg ;Sg' k5{ . k/Gt' To;f] gu/L ;a} lhTg] ls ;a} xfg]{ h'jf8] x7 dfq ug]{ xf] eg] zflGtjftf{ k|lqmof yfngL ug'{ g} Joy{ 5 . To;}n] zflGt, k|hftGq / /fli6"otfnfO{ d'Vo ceLi6 dfg]/ jt{dfg /fli6"o tyf cGt/f{li6"o /fhg}lts zlQm ;Gt'ngsf] l:yltn] dfu u/]sf] zflGt;Demf}tfsf] af6f] vf]hL u/f}+ eGg] xfd|f] ;a};Fu ljgd| cfu|x 5 . To;sf] lglDt ;lqmo /fhtGq jf kfv08L ;+;bjfb eGbf cu|ufdL / pRr k|sf/sf] /fHoJoj:yf klg of] a|x|df08df ;Dej 5 eGg] s'/fdfly uDeL/ lrGtgdgg ug{ ;DalGwt ;a}nfO{ xfd|f] plQs} 7"nf] cfu|x 5 .

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k'gM Psk6s xfdL b]zsf] /fhgLltsf ;a} uDeL/ cWo]tfx?nfO{ s] s'/f /fd|/L cfTd;ft ug{ cfu|x ub{5f}+ eg] g]kfndf o'uf}+b]lv juL{o, hftLo, If]qLo, ln+uLo pTkL8g ;xFb} cfPsf ax';+Vos hgtfn] hgo'4sf] ?kdf b]zJofkL ljb|f]xsf] em08f p7fPsf] / b]zsf] cfh;Ddsf] Oltxf;df olt 7"nf] /utsf] d"No r'sfPsf] ljBdfg pTkL8gsf/L /fHo;Qfleqsf] …;/sf/Údf s'g} lx:;f vf]Hg geP/ /fHo;Qfsf] cfwf/e"t ;+/rgfdf g} cu|ufdL / hgd'vL kl/jt{g ug{ xf] . s[kof …/fHo;QfÚ -State+_ / …;/sf/Ú -Government_ aLrsf] cfsf;kftfnsf] e]bnfO{ a'‰g' oxfFg]/ ;aeGbf h?/L 5 . To; lx;fan] xfdLn] tTsfnLg /fhg}lts lgsf;sf] lglDt uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] h'g k|:tfj cl3 ;f/]sf] 5f}+ / clxn] k|foM ;j{;Ddltsf] ljifo klg aGb} u}/x]sf] 5, tL tLgj6} s'/f Ps csf]{sf k"/s / cGt/;DalGwt x'g\ / tL dWo] Pp6fnfO{ dfq l6Kg'sf] s'g} cy{ x'b}g . cyf{t\ …uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngÚ eg]sf] b]zdf ljBdfg ;a} ju{, hflt, If]q, ln+u / ;d'bfox?sf] ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj ePsf] …cGtl/d ;+;bÚ xf], …cGtl/d ;/sf/Ú eg]sf] To;n] lgdf{0f ug]{ …cGtl/d sfo{sf/0fL lgsfoÚ xf], / …;+ljwfg;efÚ eg]sf] gofF /fHoJoj:yfnfO{ lgb]{lzt ug]{ gofF …;+ljwfg agfpg] hglgjf{lrt ;+;bÚ xf] . To;}n] oL tLgj6} cGt/;DalGwt k|Zgx?sf] Pp6f c+usf ?kdf …cGtl/d ;/sf/Úsf] u7g x'Fbf cfGbf]ngsf] g]t[TjbfoL zlQmsf] lx;fan] To;df xfd|f] k|efjsf/L pkl:ylt x'g] / x'g' kg]{ s'/f :jtM l;4 5 . To;afx]s ljBdfg /fHo;Qfsf] c+usf] ?kdf u7g x'g] e|fds / cy{xLg …cGtl/d ;/sf/Údf xfd|f] s'g} ;+nUgtf x'g g;Sg] s'/f ;a}n] l4ljwf/lxt zAbdf a'lem/fVbf /fd|f] x'g]5 .

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